RT - Journal Article T1 - Theory of mind and its neural mechanisms: A case study of Kurdish-Persian congenitally blind children in Ilam city JF - Ilam-University-of-Medical-Sciences YR - 2018 JO - Ilam-University-of-Medical-Sciences VO - 5 IS - 2 UR - http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-350-en.html SP - 39 EP - 47 K1 - Congenitally blind K1 - Theory of mind K1 - False belief task K1 - Mirror neurons K1 - Ilam AB - Introduction: Theory of mind is one of the most important aspects of cognitive faculty. The theory of mind is impaired in individuals who suffer from mental disorders like autistic children. The ‘autistic-like’ behaviors also have been reported in the congenitally blind children. This study was conducted to examine the presence or absence of theory of mind and its function in congenitally blind children. Materials and methods: A number of 20 individuals containing 10 bilingual congenitally blind children from Baghcheban elementary school of Ilam city as a case group and 10 sighted ones as a control group were selected. Three kinds of false belief cognitive tests appropriate for the congenitally blind children were designed. The collected data were analyzed using one sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, independent t-test along with Levenn test and one-way and two-way Analysis of Variance. Results: Considering the performance of congenitally blind children in false belief tasks, the blindness just had effect on the story narration task (P<0.05(, while it did not have any effect on the two other tasks. The same performance of the male and female subjects indicated that gender did not have any impact on the development of the theory of mind (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed only the story narration task was affected by blindness, because this task was more dependent on visual sense. Therefore, blindness results in delay in evolution of theory of mind. To fix this delay, the congenitally blind children should be exposed to further tactile and olfactory inputs. LA eng UL http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-350-en.html M3 10.29252/jbrms.5.2.39 ER -