@article{ author = {Farsi, Sirous and Ghahramani, Mehr}, title = {Molecular adaptations of lipolysis to physical activity}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to investigate the context of lipid metabolism research in physical activity, lipolysis, lipolysis hormone regulation and the fate of lipolysis products in exercise, fatty acid transporters, some genes involved in lipid metabolism, effect of resistance activity on lipolysis, adaptations of adipose tissue due to physical activity, lipoproteins and apoproteins and the effect of physical activity and to achieve a desirable conclusion and provide more relevant information from previous research. In this study, articles were searched in specialized databases and 40 related articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the molecular adaptations of lipolysis to physical activity were investigated. The amount of free fatty acid occurrence can be measured by estimating the amount of lipolysis. Fatty acids released from adipose tissue lipolysis form a major part of the active fuel, especially when the duration of training is long and the intensity is low to moderate. Physical activity through the release of more epinephrine from the adrenal glands and norepinephrine from the sympathetic nerve endings increases the rate of lipolysis of adipose tissue.  Also, aerobic activity increases the genes involved in lipid metabolism and lipolysis. The present study showed that the intensity and duration of training, diet and training positions influence lipolysis and lipid metabolism. The amount of adipose tissue lipolysis is controlled by triacylglycerol hormone-sensitive lipase. Resistance activity stimulates stimulating growth hormone, catecholamines, and enzymes involved in the lipolysis process. Endurance training also reduces the number of fat cells and reduces plasma triacylglycerol concentrations.}, Keywords = {Physical activity, Lipolysis, Lipoprotein}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-450-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-450-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Rogers, Elaine and Sasidharan, Rita and Sequeria, Graeme and Wood, Matthew and Bird, Stephen and Keogh, Justin and Arroll, Bruce and Stewart, Joanna and MacLeod, Roderick}, title = {Updated protocol and guest participant results from the ACCeRT clinical study}, abstract ={Introduction: Cancer cachexia is a condition often seen at diagnosis, throughout chemotherapeutic treatments and in end stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients. These patients often experience a shorter life-expectancy and deterioration in performance status and reduced quality of life. New multi˗targeted regimens are required to be tested in this population to address these issues. Materials and methods: The ACCeRT study is an open label, prospective, randomised controlled feasibility study investigating the use of eicosapentaenoic acid and COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) versus eicosapentaenoic acid, COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib), progressive resistance training followed by ingestion of essential amino acids high in leucine in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer cachectic patients. The study protocol was published in November 2011. Due to study participants and study team preferences a number of changes were made. Firstly, a change from a bolus drink containing 20 g of essential amino acids to an encapsulated form in divided doses over three days. Secondly, a change in leg strength analysis from utilising a leg/back dynamometry to a customised chair with a load cell testing extension isometric force. Thirdly, study drug dose reductions were now permitted. Fourthly, addition of two study sites which allowed participants to attend progressive resistance training sessions in their local area. Finally, a change in inclusion criteria to include participants that had received any first-line anti-cancer treatment. A guest participant was invited onto the study in April 2012, followed by the first study participant in June 2012. Results: The guest participant showed trends in efficacy in a number of outcomes; stable fat free mass in the context of decreasing total body weight, with stable FAACT˗PWB, MFSI-SF physical, and WHOQOL-BREF QOL scores at week 20, all during documented disease progression now termed refractory cachexia. There were no treatment or exercise-related adverse events. Conclusion: Publishing feasibility study protocols allows transparency in study interventions and assessments. The above ACCeRT regimen stabilised fat free mass and a number of physical/performance indicators and QOL in the guest participant.}, Keywords = {Cancer cachexia, EPA, COX-2 inhibitor, PRT and EAA}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-21}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Abbaszadeh, Elham and Rahmani, Seyyed Ali and DanaeiMehrabad, Shahl}, title = {Prevalence of mutations in V Leiden and prothrombin genes in women with recurrent pregnancy loss: A retrospective study on Iranian Azeri women}, abstract ={Introduction: The thrombophilia is one of the most important cause of maternal thromboembolism, which is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) Risk. The aim of present study was to investigate prevalence of prothrombin (FII, G20210A) and factor V Leiden (FVL, G1691A) genes mutation, as two important cause of thrombophilia, in Iranian Azeri women with RPL. Materials and methods: The subjects in this retrospective study consisted of 100 women (20-40 years old) with RPL recruited from Iranian Azeri population in East Azerbaijan province, Tabriz in Iran. The genomic DNA was extracted from 5 ml peripheral blood samples using the proteinase K method. The Allele and genotype of FII (G20210A) and FVL (G1691A) mutations were assessed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Our results showed that the frequency of normal homozygous, heterozygous and mutation homozygous for the FII G20210A and FVL G1691A mutations were equally distributed among Iranian Azeri women with RPL. The genotype distribution in RPL patients was, 99% AA, 1% AG, and 0% GG in both of the mutations. Conclusion: In general, our study showed that the prevalence of FVL (G1691A) and FII (G20210A) mutations is low in the Iranian Azeri women with RPL. However, these mutations can be the important reasons for RPL, and more studies with large sample size are required to determine the exact frequency of FVL (G1691A) and FII (G20210A) mutations in Iranian Azeri women with RPL. Introduction: The thrombophilia is one of the most important cause of maternal thromboembolism, which is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) Risk. The aim of present study was to investigate prevalence of prothrombin (FII, G20210A) and factor V Leiden (FVL, G1691A) genes mutation, as two important cause of thrombophilia, in Iranian Azeri women with RPL. Materials and methods: The subjects in this retrospective study consisted of 100 women (20-40 years old) with RPL recruited from Iranian Azeri population in East Azerbaijan province, Tabriz in Iran. The genomic DNA was extracted from 5 ml peripheral blood samples using the proteinase K method. The Allele and genotype of FII (G20210A) and FVL (G1691A) mutations were assessed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Our results showed that the frequency of normal homozygous, heterozygous and mutation homozygous for the FII G20210A and FVL G1691A mutations were equally distributed among Iranian Azeri women with RPL. The genotype distribution in RPL patients was, 99% AA, 1% AG, and 0% GG in both of the mutations. Conclusion: In general, our study showed that the prevalence of FVL (G1691A) and FII (G20210A) mutations is low in the Iranian Azeri women with RPL. However, these mutations can be the important reasons for RPL, and more studies with large sample size are required to determine the exact frequency of FVL (G1691A) and FII (G20210A) mutations in Iranian Azeri women with RPL.}, Keywords = {Mutation, Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin, Recurrent pregnancy loss}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-27}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Rashidian, Tayebe and Mohammadi, Akbar and Khorshidi, Ali and Shams, Mortez}, title = {Investigating the causes and prevalence of cesarean section among the primigravid women referred to Taleghani Hospital in Ilam, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Cesarean Section (CS) is considered one of the most common surgeries in obstetrics and gynecology; it is, also, one of the methods of termination of pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and causes of CS among the primigravid women referred to Taleghani Hospital in Ilam located in western of Iran. Materials and methods: This was cross-sectional (descriptive) study. All primigravid women who referred to Taleghani hospital in Ilam from October 2017 to April 2018 were included in study. Of the total 1738 deliveries performed during six months, 296 cases were related to primigravid women. The questionnaire was used as the research tool; it was completed through interviewing with women who referred to Taleghani hospital for delivery and reviewing patients’ records. SPSS software version 20was applied to analayze the collected data using descriptive statistics. Results: The findings showed that 867 (49.88%) and 871 (50.12%) deliveries of the total 1738 deliveries performed during the second half of 2017, were related to multiparous and primigravid women, respectively. Among the performed vaginal deliveries and CSs, 427 (49.25%) and 296 (33.98%) cases were related to nulliparous women, respectively; the incidence rate of CS among the nulliparous women was 33.98%. The mean age of subjects was 23.64 ±4.1 and the age group of 29-30 years old had the highest frequency (75.7%). In general, the fetal factors accounted for more than 67 percent of CSs of primigravid women. Conclusion: This study showed that the CS was highly prevalent among primigravid women; the fetal factors were the most important causes of CS.}, Keywords = {Prevalence, Cesarean Section, Factors, Ilam}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-34}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-476-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-476-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Noura, Mehdi and Arshadi, Sajjad and Zafari, Ardeshir and Banaeifar, Abdolali}, title = {The effect of running on positive and negative slopes on TNF-α and INF- γ gene expression in the muscle tissue of rats with Alzheimer’s disease}, abstract ={Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disease associated with disorders of the nervous system. Inflammation in the central nervous system can play a major role in the formation of AD. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AD induction as well as running on positive and negative slopes on TNF-α and INF-γ gene expression in the muscle tissue of rats with AD. Materials and methods: In this experimental study 15 rats were injected with 8 mg/kg Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) intra- peritoneally. After being assured of AD rats were divided in three groups of 5 rats, including: 1) control, 2) running in positive slope, and 3) running in negative slope. To investigate the effects of AD induction on the TNF-α and INF-γ gene expression levels, 5 rats were assigned to the healthy control group. During eight weeks the positive running group (at a speed of 16 m/min in positive upward slope) and negative running group (at a speed of 16 m/min in negative downhill slope) ran on the treadmill for five sessions per week and 60 minutes per session. The Shapiro- Wilk test was used for investigate the normal distribution of data and one-way ANOVA with LSD post- hoc tests were used to analyze the data (P<0.05). Results: AD induction by TMT significantly increased TNF-α (P=0.004) and INF-γ (P=0.04), nevertheless running on positive and negative slope significantly decreased TNF-α (P=0.001) also running on negative slope significantly decreased INF-γ (P=0.04). Conclusion: Running on a positive and negative slope seems to improve TNF-α gene expression in rats with AD.}, Keywords = {Running, Alzheimer's disease, TNF-α, INF- γ}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-42}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-474-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-474-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Etemadi, Rasoul and Moghadam, Parisa and Yousefi, Farnaz}, title = {Evaluation of chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil on dental caries pathogens}, abstract ={Introduction: Various microorganisms are involving in oral infections. Antimicrobial agents used against oral pathogens have side effects and can caused drug resistance. Eucalyptus is one of the most widely used plant with antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E. camaldulensis) essential oil on dental caries pathogens includes Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), Actinomyces viscosus (A. viscosus), and Candida albicans (C. albicans). Materials and methods: In this study, E. camaldulensis essential oil was prepared and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods on stablished terminology strains of C. albicans, S. mutans, L. rhamnosus and A. viscosus. Moreover, chemical composition of E. camaldulensis essential oil was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Results: Our results showed that the most antibacterial activity of E. camaldulensis essential oil was related to L. rhamnosus, A. viscosus, and S. mutans. Also, E. camaldulensis essential oil showed an appropriate antifungal activity against C. albicans. The dominant chemical composition of E. camaldulensis essential oil was 1,8-cineole (36.62%). Conclusion: In general, E. camaldulensis essential oil has an appropriate antifungal and antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. Therefore, it can be use in pharmaceutical industry to produce antimicrobial agents against dental caries and oral infectious diseases.}, Keywords = {Oral infection, Oral pathogens, Antimicrobial activity, Essential oil, Eucalyptus}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {43-49}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Farzaneh and Doulah, Abdolhassan and Rafieirad, Maryam}, title = {Effect of oleuropein and swimming practice on motor disorder induced by 6-hydroxydopamine toxin in mature male rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Parkinson's disease is caused by damage to the nervous system. Oleuropein and exercise have protective effects on the nervous system. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of oleuropein and swimming practice on motor disorder induced by 6-hydroxydopamine toxin in mature male rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 40 rats were divided into control, Parkinson's, swimming practice (five sessions per week and 30 minutes per session), oleuropein (20mg/kg), and combined swimming practice and oleuropein groups. Parkinson's disease was induced by injection of 8μg 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxin (6-OHDA) in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) of the left brain of the rats. At the end of the administration period, catalepsy, step length, muscle stiffness, and motor coordination were measured using the rotarod test to assess motor disorders. Results: Four weeks of oleuropein administration, four weeks of swimming practice, and four weeks of combined swimming practice and oleuropein use significantly improved the motor disorders induced by 6-OHDA administration. Moreover, four weeks of swimming practice and oleuropein showed a significant increase in motor balance test and a significant decrease in the rotarod test respectively compared to the administration of oleuropein (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the swimming practice group. Conclusion: The effects of swimming exercise, which is a high activity physical activity, were more tangible than those of oleuropein and did not show a significant difference with co-administration of oleuropein and swimming exercise, so it can be considered as an effective treatment for preventing the multiple complications of Parkinson's disease.}, Keywords = {Parkinson's disease, Oleuropein, Swimming practice, Motor disorder, 6-Hdroxydopamine}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {50-60}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Abdi, Soheila and Moslehishad, Maryam and Dejam, Lay}, title = {Effect of atmospheric pressure floating-electrode dielectric-barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma on microbiological and chemical properties of Nigella sativa L.}, abstract ={Introduction: Recently, atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma has been used as a new method for decontamination of medicinal plants. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of atmospheric pressure floating-electrode dielectric-barrier discharge (FE-DBD) on Nigella sativa (N. sativa) which has many therapeutic properties. Materials and methods: N. sativa seeds were exposed to atmospheric pressure FE-DBD plasma for 15, 30 and 40 min. and total microbial counting of the seeds was performed. Antioxidant activity and total phenol were measured to evaluate the chemical properties changes of N. sativa seeds under the exposure of plasma. Fatty acid analysis of the extracted oil from N. sativa was determined using gas-liquid chromatography in this research before and after the exposure to cold plasma. Results: The results showed that the density of microorganisms significantly decreased at all three exposure times compared to the control (P˂0.05) and eliminate total microorganisms at 40 min of exposure. There was no significant change in the amount of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity before and after plasma exposure. Linoleic acid and oleic acid were decreased under the exposure of FE-DBD plasma for 40 min which indicate that cold plasma can lead to the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased (P˂0.05).    Conclusion: In conclusion, exposure of cumin seeds to FE-DBD plasma can effectively reduce or eliminate microorganisms. On the other hand, cold plasma treatment brings about some biochemical changes. Total phenol content increased and antioxidant activity was decreased slightly. The unsaturated fatty acid contents of black cumin seeds samples decreased with FE-DBD plasma exposure at effective time for decontamination.}, Keywords = {Nigella sativa seed, FE-DBD plasma, Decontamination, Antioxidant activity}, volume = {7}, Number = {1}, pages = {61-69}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-489-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-489-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shafiei, Jalil and Heidari, Farideh and Khashen, Elham and Ghandehari‐Alavijeh, Rana and Darmishonnejad, Zahr}, title = {Distinctive deregulation of miR-27a and miR-27b in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis}, abstract ={Introduction: Previous studies have proposed that microRNAs (miRNAs) expression might be responsible for immunological features associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the alternation in miR-27a and miR-27b expression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared to the healthy subjects. Materials and methods: In this study, the expression levels of miR-27a and miR-27b were evaluated in peripheral blood samples of 60 RRMS patients (30 recurrence patients and 30 patients two months after relapse) and 30 healthy subjects by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: The findings indicated that the expression of miR-27a was significantly decreased in recurring patients (P<0.0001) and two months after relapse patients (P<0.003) in comparison with healthy subjects. Moreover, miR-27b showed down regulation in recurring patients (P<0.001) and two months after relapse patients (P<0.002). Conclusion: The results demonstrated an association between expression of miRNAs studied and RRMS disease during recurrence and two months after relapse. However, further research is warranted to confirm observed associations.}, Keywords = {microRNA, miR-27a, miR-27b, Multiple sclerosis}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-480-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-480-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Hemati, Saeed and Shams, Morteza and Rahmatian, Arash and Nourmohammadi, Hasan and Abdoli, Amir and Maleki, Farajolah and Talee, Ghasem and Mahdavi, Zahra and Bastani, Elham and Hatami, Vahid and Kohzadi, Fatemeh}, title = {The patterns of aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolones resistance among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates}, abstract ={Introduction: In the study we sought to determine the patterns of regional antibiotic resistances among uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates. Our finding could be useful for better recognition of regional antibiotic resistances and scheduling a program to control this condition. Materials and methods: In the study, 270 nonduplicate UPEC isolates were examined from urine samples of outpatients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). All isolates were identified by gram staining and standard conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion (Kirby–Bauer) method. The commercial antibiotics disks (PADTAN TEB Co., Iran) were applied in the study, included amikacin (30 μg), gentamycin (10 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), and nalidixic acid (30 μg). Results: Most of the patients were female (221, 81.9%). The highest resistance was observed for nalidixic acid (56%), followed by ciprofloxacin 39.64%. In contrast, the lowest resistance was seen for amikacin (3.90%) and gentamicin (10.04%). Moreover, 19.62% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Conclusion: Amikacin and gentamicin could be chosen as first line antibiotics in treatment of UTIs. Continuous monitoring studies recommended for acquire a suitable regional antibiotic resistance pattern.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, UTIs, Antimicrobial susceptibility}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {7-12}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-483-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-483-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Rahimnahal, Somayeh and Shams, Morteza and Tarrahimofrad, Hossein and Mohammadi, Yahy}, title = {Analysis to describe the catalytic critical residue of keratinase mojavensis using peptidase inhibitors: A docking-based bioinformatics study}, abstract ={Introduction: Vital catalysts have long been widely used in the food industry, but with new applications in many industries, such as the chemical industry, they have become even more important. In biocatalysis, all parts of the cell, cell extract, purified enzyme, inactive cell, or inactive enzymes are used as catalysts in various processes. Enzymes are essential for various industrial, pharmaceutical, and especially biotechnological processes. Keratinase is produced by various microorganisms in the presence of keratin as a substrate. It mainly targets disulfide bonds. In this study, the biochemical properties of keratinase enzymes derived from Bacillus mojavensis (B. mojavensis) were investigated. Materials and methods: The 3D structure of keratinases from B. mojavensis was created using Modeler software, and the model's validation and refinement indicators, including Prosa, Z-score, and Ramachandran Graph confirmed the high quality of the modeled protein. The PMSF, Pepstatin and leupeptin structures were prepared from the PubChem database server and introduced to the MVD software along with the 3D structure of the keratinase for molecular docking. Results: The binding energies (Eaint#) for the Mojavensis-PMSF, Mojavensis-Pepstatin and Mojavensis-Leupeptin complexes were -71.73, -334.1 and -211.2, respectively. In all three Mojavensis-PMSF, Mojavensis-Pepstatin and Mojavensis-Leupeptin complexes, the Serine 277 keratinase mojavensis formed a hydrogen bond with inhibitors. Serine 295 also interacted with inhibitors in both of Pepstatin and Leupeptin complexes. Glutamic 299 keratinase mojavensis also interacted with PMSF and Leupeptin. All three PMSF, Pepstatin and leupeptin peptidase inhibitors were able to interact with keratinase mojavensis. Conclusion: Docking results showed that Serine amino acids 277 and 295 in the active site of keratinase mojavensis, may play a key role in its catalytic function.}, Keywords = {Bioinformatics, Keratinase, Enzyme, Homology modeling, Docking}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {13-28}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-508-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-508-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Nazari, Pari and Yaghmaei, Parichehreh and Rangin, Alireza and Abbasi, Naser}, title = {Influence of Smyrnium cordifolium Boiss extract on the hippocampus Mu-opioid receptors in Mice}, abstract ={Introduction: Agonists of the Mu-opioid receptors (MOR), such as morphine are lengthily used for the treatment of moderate to pain, depression and anxiety. But the dose involved achieving adequate pain relief often elicits multiple unwanted side effects, including addiction and tolerance. Opioids produce their actions at a cellular level by activating MOR. These receptors are distributed throughout the central nervous system (CNS). The target of this study was the effect of Smyrnium cordifolium extract (SCE) on the hippocampus Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) aria MOR compared to clonidine. Materials and methods: Extract of the aerial parts S.cordifolium was extracted by Soxhlet method. Addiction was created using the subcutaneous injections of morphine for 7 days. To evaluate the effects of SCE, the mice were divided up 5 groups. The first group (Control) received just morphine. The 2th group received morphine and Clonidine (0.2mg/kg). Groups 3, 4 and 5 were treated morphine and SCE (E1, E2 and E3). In all groups, on the seventh day 30 min after naloxone injection, their brains were perfusion with formaldehyde and removed for immunohistochemical investigation. Results: The present immunohistochemical of the CA1 hippocampus study showed that group E1, there is a significant difference in MOR optical density compared to the control group at the level (P<0.05) and relative to the CLO group at the level (P<0.001). However, in groups E2, and E3 the MOR optical density increased compared to the control group and had a significant difference in level (P<0.001) and did not have a significant difference compared to the CLO group. Conclusion: The study showed that with increasing S.cordifolium extract concentration, the optical density of MOR in the hippocampus increased, and this increase was dose-dependent. This increase in the CA1 hippocampus MOR optical density may be due to endocytosis or desensitization of MOR in neurons.}, Keywords = {Hippocampus, Mu-opioid receptor, Mice, Smyrnium cordifolium}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {29-37}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-497-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-497-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Hoseini, Seyed nabiyollah and AbbassiDaloii, Asieh and Ziaolhagh, Seyed Javad and Saeidi, Ayoub}, title = {The effect of aerobic exercise and a synthesized insulin nanocomposite hydrogel on TNF-α and IL-6 in plasma of type 1 diabetic rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise training and a synthesized insulin nanocomposite hydrogel on TNF-α and IL-6 in type 1 diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-five rats were divided into five equal groups of animals each containing five animals, control - healthy, Control-diabetes, Nano-insulin Diabetes, Exercise Diabetes and Nano-insulin Diabetes-Exercise. The exercise training program lasted eight weeks. After the five days of familiarization, exercise time for the exercise groups were as follows: 20 m/min for the first and second weeks, 25 m/min for the third and fourth weeks and 30 m / min for the fifth and sixth weeks. The rats were also given the Nano-insulin supplement. Rats were killed 48 hours after the last training session. Their plasma was taken and used for the analysis of markers. Results: There were significant differences in IL-6 (P<0.001) and TNF-α (P<0.001) between the groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that aerobic exercise training along with Nano-insulin supplementation significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-6 in rats with type 1 diabetes and these changes were more in the Nano-insulin Diabetes group.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Synthesized insulin nanocomposite hydrogel, TNF-α, IL-6, Type 1 diabetic rat}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {38-46}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-437-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-437-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Amani-Shalamzari, Sadegh and AghaAlinejad, Hamid and Shahbazi, Shirin and Alizadeh, Shab}, title = {The Effect of endurance training on expression of miR-21 and its downstream in breast cancer bearing mice}, abstract ={Introduction: Overexpression of oncomir-21 promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells. This study aimed to assess the effect of endurance training on the expression of miR-21 and its downstream, Bcl2 and upstream targets, STAT3 in breast cancer bearing mice. Materials and methods: After orientation to the environment, breast cancer cells, MC4-L2 were injected to mice and they randomly were categorized into two groups, control (n=10) and training (n=10) groups. Training group performed progressive endurance training 5 days per week for 6 weeks and control group did not perform any exercise. Tumor volume was measured by a digital caliper every week. Finally, the mice were sacrificed; tumor tissue was removed and immediately frozen and kept in -70°C. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were carried out by trizol reagent and specific kits and level of genes were measured by quantitative real-time PCR.   Results: Endurance training decreased significantly expression of miR-21, STAT3 and Bcl2 (P<0.05). In addition, Tumor volume developed further in control group compared to training group (P<0.05). There was significantly positive correlation (P<0.001) between miR-21 with STAT3(R=0.66) and miR-21 with Bcl2 (R=0.61) Conclusion: Endurance training leads to suppress expression of STAT3/miR-21/Bcl2 signaling pathway, thereby involved in slow tumor growth. Therefore, one of the beneficial effects of endurance training on tumor progression in estrogen dependent mouse model of breast cancer is reducing intrtumor anti-apoptotic genes.}, Keywords = {Estrogen receptor dependent breast cancer, STAT3, Bcl2, miR-21}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {47-57}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-479-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-479-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {MoallemBandani, Hanieh and AliMalayeri, Fardin and HajiHosseini, Reza and EmamiRazavi, Amirnader}, title = {Upregulation of SLC11A2 in gastric cancer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection}, abstract ={Introduction: H. pylori infection has a strong association with prevalence of iron deficiency and gastric cancer (GC). Cancer cells reprogram the iron metabolism in order to provide required iron. H. pylori is also need iron for its own growth and reproduction. SLC11A2 encodes a member of the solute carrier family 11 protein family which involved in transportation of divalent metals and iron absorption. We evaluated the relative expression of SLC11A2 in patients with GC and its relation to H. pylori infection and pathological characteristics of tumor. Materials and methods: Forty-five patients with GC were involved in this research of whom 24 patients have been infected with H. pylori. Relative expression of SLC11A2 gene was estimated by quantitative real-time PCR. The relationship of SLC11A2 expression change with Pathological characteristics such as size and grade of tumor cells, lympho-vascular and perineural invasion and clinical stage of disease were evaluated in both infected and uninfected patients. Results: SLC11A2 relative expression was significantly higher (P =0.026) in GC patients infected with H. pylori (11.33 ± 5.22) in comparison to those without infection (2.56 ± 0.65). Although it was not statistically significant, the expression of SLC11A2 in all participants was higher at higher stages (III &IV) of disease (9.84 ± 4.35) in comparison to those with lower stages (2.54 ± 0.75). However, among the patients infected with H. pylori, SLC11A2 expression was significantly (P= 0.027) upregulated in the higher stages of disease (16 ± 7.6) compare to the lower stages (1.8 ± 1.06). Conclusion: SLC11A2 is probably a target gene for H. pylori in order to supply its need to iron. The relative expression changes of SLC11A2 in GC patients were associated with the infection of H. pylori, and pattern of its association with the prognosis of the disease changes in the presence and absence of infection with H. pylori.}, Keywords = {SLC11A2, Gastric cancer, H. pylori}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-68}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mohammadzadeh, Zeinab and Maserat, Elham}, title = {The need for an integrated portal: Effective approach for infodemic management in Covid 19}, abstract ={Dear Editor,   Shortly after the first outbreak in China, the Corona virus has affected many countries around the world. The first confirmed case of the virus in Iran was reported in Qom on February 2020, and then it spread to other cities in Iran. The outbreak has caused many social and economic challenges for the international community; also, there is no complete information about this disease. One of the most important challenges is the prevalence of inaccurate information about the disease, which has many psychological, political, social and economic effects on society. Infodemic or the spread of wrong information about the disease through various social media in the global community is a serious problem for public health. The dissemination of information can severely affect people's behavior and alter the effectiveness of governments’ countermeasures. In this present letter was reviewed integrated portal as a one of the solutions to infodemic management. The use of authentic sources to provide accurate information in the community is one of the best approaches to combat this phenomenon. Timely information sharing and comparison of epidemiological and genomic data on infectious diseases leads to faster and more efficient control of global outbreaks and disease tracking. In spite of all the problems in this area, various solutions have been proposed for this issue. The portal is one of the significant technologies which provide correct and required data for different users. Web portals are increasingly becoming part of modern life. Portals collect uniform information from multiple sources and provide consistent access to multiple information, software and applications from different databases to organizations and community. Portal content is available from a variety of tools such as PCs and smartphones. For example, government web-portals can be used by public and private organizations. Many studies have confirmed the usefulness of portals for managing infectious and chronic diseases, if it is designed according users need. The accurate and comprehensive information sharing with all stakeholders and health organizations such as WHO about Covid-19 is essential for better management of the disease. One of the applications of portals is sharing of accurate and reliable information by responsible authorities for managing this disease. Justice must be respected in presenting results of recent research on Covid 19, and everyone has equal access to this information according to their role in society. By sharing the results of scientific research, the general public are also preparing themselves to fight the disease. In recent days, various applications, soft wares and websites have been provided by the relevant organizations for the effective management of CVD 19. The integration of these technologies into comprehensive portal is essential for a comprehensive management of disease. The portal will be accessible to public, patients, providers and policy makers. It can prepare educational, medical, and research information for users. Some benefits of portal including information gathering from various sources, availability of information for all user groups (general and specific users), uploading information by users according to the access level, designing customized pages by users or groups, decreasing the attendance of patients and public in high risk areas, increasing information security, reducing people's confusion about finding the required information and facilitating communication.}, Keywords = {Infodemic, Covid-19, Portal}, volume = {7}, Number = {2}, pages = {69-70}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-484-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-484-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shamshirgaran, Marzieh and Maleki, Asma and Askari, Parvin and Yousefi, Masoud and MalakiMoghadam, Hakimeh and Aramjoo, Hamed and Zare_Bidaki, Maji}, title = {Antibacterial effects of the aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum mill native in South Khorasan of Iran against four species associated with gastrointestinal infections}, abstract ={Introduction: Raising antibiotic resistance has led the human community to more frequent application of herbal medicines. The tomato fruit, scientifically called Lycopersicon esculentum mill, is an important source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, all with beneficial effects on human health. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effects of tomato aqueous extract on four species of common bacteria associated with gastrointestinal infections. Materials and methods: After preparing the aqueous extract of native tomato, its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (TCC116538), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) (ATCC700603), Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri) (ATCC12022), and Proteus vulgaris (ATCC6380) species using micro dilution broth method based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Each of the experiments was repeated three times. The results were subdivided into normal and abnormal variables by one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for examining normal variables. Results: The results of this study showed that the most significant effect of the tomato extract is on S. aureus. The MIC of tomato extract for S. aureus was 31.25 mg/ml, while for Proteus vulgaris, K. pneumoniae, and S. flexneri was 62.5 mg/ml. The mean MIC of the extract was significantly different between the studied bacteria (P < 0.05). The LSD post hoc test showed that the MIC for S. aureus (0.0599 ± 0.001) was significantly higher than that of Shigella flexinari (S. flexneri) (0.351 ± 0.009) (P < 0.001), K. pneumoniae (0.469 ± 0.062) (P = 0.001), and Proteus vulgaris (0.492 ± 0.005) (P = 0.003). Moreover, the MIC for S. flexneri was significantly lower than that of K. pneumoniae (P = 0.002) and Proteus vulgaris (P = 0.001). The mean MIC values for K. pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris (P = 0.394) were not significantly different. Conclusion: The current study revealed a significant antibacterial effect of tomato extract against different bacterial species. Therefore, the extract can be used as an antiseptic agent in pharmaceutical and food industries.}, Keywords = {Lycopersicon esculentum mill, Antibacterial effect, Micro dilution broth}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-502-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-502-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Nazari, Somayeh and TaheriChadorneshin, Hossein and Marefati, Hamid and Abtahi‑Eivary, Seyed‑Hosei}, title = {The effect of rope jump training on serum levels of lipocalin-2, anthropometric parameters, and aerobic power in obese adolescent boys}, abstract ={Introduction: Lipocalin-2 derived from adipose tissue is associated with insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and cardiovascular disease in obese people. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of rope jump exercise training on serum lipocalin-2 levels, anthropometric parameters, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in obese adolescent boys. Materials and methods: Twenty obese adolescent boys participated voluntarily in the study and were equally assigned to control and rope jump groups. Rope jump exercise protocol was practiced in 8 weeks, 3 days per week. Blood samples were taken before and after the program. The VO2max of each participant was estimated using Cooper's 12-minute run test. Serum lipocalin-2 levels were measured using a commercial ELISA kit. Results: Within-group comparisons revealed that rope jump exercise training resulted in a significant reduction in weight (P = 0.005), BMI (P = 0.002), abdominal circumference (P = 0.001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), and serum levels of lipocalin-2 (P = 0.002). In contrast, lean body mass (LBM) (P = 0.047) and VO2max (P = 0.007) increased significantly in the rope jump group. After the intervention, abdominal circumference (P = 0.001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), weight (P = 0.001), and BMI (P = 0.001) were significantly lower in the rope jump group than in the control group. VO2max in the rope jump group was significantly higher than in the control group at the end of the exercise training protocol (P = 0.001). However, no significant differences were found between the groups concerning lipocalin-2 level (P = 0.105), waist-to-hip ratio (P = 0.461), and LBM (P = 0.053) at the end of the protocol. Conclusion: While rope jump exercise training enhanced anthropometric parameters and aerobic power in obese adolescents, it failed to significantly alter the serum lipocalin-2 level, as an inflammatory marker.}, Keywords = {Rope jump training, Lipocalin-2, Adolescents, Obesity}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {7-18}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Aria, Behzad and Salegi-abarghui, Amin and Lotfi, Mohammad Hasan and Mirzaei, Masou}, title = {Effect of exercise, body mass index, and waist to hip ratio on female fertility}, abstract ={Introduction: Infertility is a common problem among many couples. Exercise and weight loss seem to be among the effective factors on fertility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise, body mass index (BMI), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) with female fertility. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the data collected from Shahedieh Cohort. In this research, 1445 women (717 infertile and 728 fertile) were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data on exercise, BMI, and WHR were compared between the infertile and fertile female groups. Independent t-test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: A significant difference was found between the two study groups regarding BMI, WHR, and exercise levels (P <0.05). The results of regression test showed that pysical activity had a significant effect on fertility (P <0.01), but BMI and WHR had no significant effect on it (P = 0.38 and 0.35, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it seems that exercise, regardless of changes in BMI and WHR, can increase fertility.}, Keywords = {Exercise, Body mass index, Waist to hip ratio, Fertility, Women}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-25}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-531-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-531-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Kalani, Navid and Shahrbanian, Shahnaz and Riahi, Zahr}, title = {Effects of resistance training with theraband on pain and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis}, abstract ={Introduction: Joint pain, especially pain in the knee joint, is one of the most important problems that people with osteoarthritis report.The aim of this study was to determine the effects of resistance training with theraband on pain and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Materials and methods: Twenty five patients with knee osteoarthritis with age range of 38 to 65 years’ old who had no history of any exercise during the past six months, and had no chronic conditions affecting on study outcomes were selected as study sample and randomly divided into two groups including experimental (n = 13) and control (n = 12) groups. The experimental group performed 8 weeks of resistance training, and the control group did not receive any intervention. SF-36 and Numeric pain rating scale were used to assess quality of life and pain, respectively. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS software and independent t-test analysis. The level of significance was considered to be equal or less than 0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that after using intervention in the experimental group pain had a significant decrease compared to the control group (p=0.012). Also, eight weeks of intervention indicated a significant difference in the quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis between the control and experimental groups as it was increased in the experimental group compared to the control group(p=0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that resistance training with theraband can reduce pain and enhance quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.}, Keywords = {Resistance Training, Knee osteoarthritis, Pain, Quality of Life, Theraband}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {26-35}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-525-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-525-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shanbehzadeh, Mostafa and Basati, Gholam and Kazemi-arpanahi, Hadi}, title = {Determining a suitable technical architecture for COVID-19 information exchange infrastructure: A case for Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Improving the quality, safety and effectiveness of health care services is the most important advantages of using the Public Health Information Exchange (PHIE) infrastructure. This infrastructure has three centralized, decentralized, and hybrid architectures. This study sought to identify the most appropriate technical architecture for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Information Exchange (CoVIE) based expert panels. Materials and methods: In order to identify the desired CoVIE technical architecture, a qualitative approach was used and a number of meetings were held with experts in Health Information Technology and Management (HITM) and Health Informatics fields working at Iran, Tehran and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IUMS, TUMS and SBUMS). Basic concepts, including the type of technical architecture and exchange context, were categorized and discussed in terms of themes, sub-themes, and codes. Finally, the results were evaluated using content analysis and descriptive statistics. Results: The universities of Iran and Tehran had chosen hybrid model in national context and Shahid Beheshti University selected regional centralized model as the optimal technical architecture for CoVIE.  Conclusion: Hybrid model with implementation at national context was selected for CoVIE in Iranian health system. Implementation of this architecture improves the effective management of information exchange in the context of CoVIE.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, Public Health Information Exchange (PHIE), Technical architecture, Hybrid model, Centralized model, Decentralized model}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {36-46}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-511-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-511-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Kyriazi, Vasiliki}, title = {The role of von Willebrand factor alterations in thyroid disorders}, abstract ={Thyroid hormones are mediators of various metabolic processes including haemostasis. Von Willebrand is a multimeric glycoprotein with a major role in blood coagulation, participating in platelet adhesion to subendothelial collagen. It is also a carrier protein and stabilizer of circulating factor VIII and a marker of endothelial activation. This review aims to summarize the available data with regards to changes of von Willebrand factor in thyroid disorders, possible pathophysiological mechanisms, and their significance in clinical practice. PUBMED database was used for literature search in the English language over the last 20 years. Von Willebrand factor and coagulation factor VIII seem to have a key role in the pathogenesis of bleeding and thrombosis in thyroid disorders. Clinical hypothyroidism is associated with acquired von Willebrand syndrome due to the reduction of von Willebrand factor synthesis and release into the circulation. The implication of the von Willebrand factor in the prothrombotic environment induced by subclinical hypothyroidism is not clear. Hyperthyroidism increases the thromboembolic risk by increasing the levels of procoagulant agents including the von Willebrand factor. However, the available studies are highly heterogeneous in design and most of them investigate the laboratory changes of von Willebrand factor in patients with thyroid disease without any clinical implication. Patients with haemostatic disorders should be screened for underlying thyroid disease. Von Willebrand factor changes are corrected by restoring thyroid function. However, the implementation of early treatment in subclinical thyroid disorders has not been established.}, Keywords = {Haemorrhage, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thrombosis, von Willebrand factor}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {47-61}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-507-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-507-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ghodsi, Alireza and Mirimoghaddam, Mohammad Mobin and Sarabi, Mehrdad and DehghanTarazjani, Amirreza and Omranzadeh, Alireza and MahdaviRashed, Masoud and Rahimi, Hamid Rez}, title = {Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a novel and valuable marker for assessing disease severity in Ulcerative colitis, Multiple sclerosis, and Kawasaki disease: A review}, abstract ={Ulcerative colitis (UC), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Kawasaki disease (KD) are three autoimmune diseases that involve the colon mucosa, myelin of the central nervous system neurons, and vascular epithelium. All these diseases need invasive, expensive, and complex modalities or criteria in order to monitor the disease severity. Recently, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed as a valuable, cheap, and easy marker of systemic inflammation. As all the above-mentioned diseases involve neutrophils and lymphocytes as the two major cell lines, it may be applicable to assess their severity according to the NLR. Here, we review the available literature with this regard.}, Keywords = {Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, Ulcerative colitis, Multiple sclerosis, Kawasaki disease}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {62-70}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-527-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ghodsi, Alireza and Dadpour, Bita and ShokriToroghi, Zahr}, title = {Aluminum phosphide poisoning, an unusual presentation}, abstract ={Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is a very toxic compound commercially accessible as "rice tablet" in some markets in Iran. Although this toxin is used as a pesticide to protect grains from pests, it may be used for committing suicide. The poisoned patient experiences gastrointestinal problems as the first clinical manifestations in case of oral use, then develops acid-base disturbance, shock, and death in many cases. Intoxication with ALP can also affect the patient's hemodynamic status and cause electrocardiograph alterations, dysrhythmias, and even myocardial necrosis. In the current study, we introduce a young man who consumed an ALP tablet in a suicidal attempt and developed myocardial infarction even before metabolic acidosis and hypotension.}, Keywords = {Aluminum phosphide, Myocardial infarction, Phosphine, Poisoning}, volume = {7}, Number = {3}, pages = {71-74}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-529-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-529-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Hemati, Saeed and Naserifar, Razi and Rahmatian, Arash and Talee, Ghasem and Bastani, Elham and Rahmatian, Aryoobarzan and Abdoli, Amir and Shams, Morteza and Mahdavi, Zahr}, title = {The role of laboratory parameters in COVID-19 diagnosis}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Laboratory, COVID-19, Diagnosis}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-3}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-539-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-539-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {NasiriOnaki, Mahdyeh and Ghahramani, Mehr}, title = {New aspects of cellular adaptation in physical activity: A delayed muscle pain approach}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to investigate the context of new aspects of cellular adaptation in physical activity with a focus on delayed pain approach, the nature and types of pain, several preventive and non-pharmacological approaches to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and to achieve a desirable conclusion and provide more relevant information from previous research. In this study, articles were searched in specialized databases and 30 related articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and cellular adaptation in physical activity with a focus on delayed muscle pain approach was investigated. Mechanical and metabolic stress is the cause of injury during participation in an unfamiliar activity. Mechanical and metabolic stress may trigger pathological responses to activity-induced muscle damage. The suggested cause of metabolic muscle injury has been the inadequate production of mitochondrial ATP, ischemia, hypoxia and changes in ion concentration. The present study showed that physical activity is, in general, among the methods that can be effective in the prevention and treatment of delayed muscle soreness including: massage, cryotherapy, hydrotherapy, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidant use, warm-up and cool-down, stretching movements before and after the activity, avoiding new and unfamiliar activities, starting activities gradually and lightly. Resistance activity causes muscle damage by increasing creatine kinase enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase. Accordingly, resistance training, especially extracorporeal contraction, produces oxygen-free radicals and lipid peroxidation, eventually leading to muscle tissue damage and subsequent inflammatory processes.}, Keywords = {Physical activity, Delayed onset muscle soreness, Cellular adaptation}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {4-11}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Pagard, Parisa and Rahmani, Seyed Ali and Heidari, Li}, title = {Association of ESR-α and ESR-β gene polymorphisms with implantation failure in IVF-treated women in northwest of Iran: A case-control study}, abstract ={Introduction: Estrogen, a crucial hormone during pregnancy, acts through two types of receptors. The estrogen receptor alpha and beta (ESR-α and ESR-β) are more abundant and exists in all human reproductive systems. Association of ESR-α and ESR-β genes polymorphisms has been reported in some reproductive problems such as spontaneous abortion, endometriosis-related infertility, and in vitro fertilization failure. In the present study, we investigated association between single nucleotide polymorphisms rs9340799 and rs2234693 (ESR-α) and rs1256049 and rs4986938 (ESR-β) with implantation failure in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, we collected 60 women with implantation failure as case group and 60 age and ethnically matched IVF-treated women with successful implantation as controls. Extraction of genomic DNA of both case and control members was performed using salting out method. The case and control groups genotyping was performed using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR) method. Results: There were no significant differences in the frequencies of genotype and allele frequency in ESR-β gene rs4986938 polymorphism between patients and control groups (p>.005). In contrast, we observed a significant difference in the frequencies alleles and genotypes of rs9340799 and rs2234693 (ESR-α) and rs1256049 (ESR-β) polymorphisms between patients and control groups. Conclusion: We demonstrated that rs9340799 and rs2234693 (ESR-α), and rs1256049 (ESR-β) polymorphisms may play important role in implantation failure in women in northwest of Iran. However, more studies on different geographic areas, races and ethnicities are required to determine exact role of ESR-α and ESR-β genes polymorphisms in implantation failure.}, Keywords = {Polymorphisms, ESR-α, ESR-β, Implantation failure}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {12-19}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Samadi, Ali and AbbassiDaloii, Asieh and Barari, Alireza and Saeidi, Ayoub}, title = {The effect of twelve weeks of combined training with and without canagliflozin consumption on fetuin A and fetuin B in type 2 diabetic men}, abstract ={Introduction: Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and fatty liver are now considered the major causes of mortality in developing countries. The present study investigates the effect of twelve weeks of combined training with and without canagliflozin consumption on fetuin-A and fetuin B in type 2 diabetic men. Materials and Methods: Forty- four men (25-40 years ) who had type two diabitiac were recruited for this study. This is a double-blind study conducted in four groups. For this purpose, diabetic men were divided into four groups of 11 individuals, including control-diabetes, diabetes-medication, diabetes-training, and diabetes-training-supplementation. Every day, 200 mg of canagliflozin and placebo were given to medication-consuming and placebo groups. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after the last training session and used for analysis. Results: Two-way ANOVA results showed a significant difference between groups (P<0.001) for fetuin A-amounts. Bonferroni test results also showed a significant difference between control and training (P = 0.030), control and medication-training (P<0.001), medication-training, and medication (P<0.001) and medication-training and training (P= 0.001) groups. The two-way analysis of variance showed significant differences between groups (P = 0.023) in terms of fetuin B amounts. The post hoc test results showed a significant difference between control and training groups (P = 0.009) and control with training-medication groups (P = 0.007). Conclusion: According to our results, the administration of a combination program, alongside the use of canagliflozin, on individuals who have type 2 diabetes may have the most significant effect on reducing these hepatokines in people with diabetes.}, Keywords = {Combined Exercise, Hepatokine, Type 2 Diabetes, Canagliflozin}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {20-30}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-436-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-436-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Farzad and VandYousefi, Jalil and Harzandi, Naser and Ghafourian, Sobh}, title = {Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates in Ilam, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: The Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the one of the pathogenic bacteria that become famous and considerable in the recent years. Here we tried to do typing the E. faecalis isolates to provide advantageous information that can help us to understand epidemiological communication between the E. faecalis isolates. Materials and methods: One hundred  E. faecalis were isolated from urine samples of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam, Iran. Afterwards, all isolates were confirmed by the phenotyping method and then for more certainty, every isolates were authenticated by PCR analysis of 16sRNA gene. Eventually, all isolates were considered as E. faecalis. For Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), 7 housekeeping genes were used to gain MLST scheme for epidemiological study. In addition, to determine various type of E. faecalis pubmlst database was selected and the MLST analysis was done based on recommended instruction by the pubMLST.org. Results: The disk diffusion results demonstrated that fifty-four out of one hundred isolates were resistant, four isolates were semi sensitive and forty-two isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. So, 90 isolates were MLST. Using seven structural genes and using pubMLST.org database, different types of E. faecalis were determined. The MLST results demonstrated that 26 different group and Sequence Types (ST) obtained. Our findings demonstrated that the isolates were from different types. Conclusion:  Accoeding to our results, we couldn't find any epidemic correlation between the isolates. Given that most of these isolates had resistance to vancomycin, they had low clonal correlation with each other and only had few similar STs pattern.}, Keywords = {E. faecalis, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Iran}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {31-35}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-545-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-545-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Dadelahi, Shahram and Yousefi, Farnaz and EmamiGolmarz, Parisa and Taheri, Elham}, title = {Evaluation of chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of Scrophularia striata essential oil on dental caries pathogens}, abstract ={Introduction: Oral diseases are among the most important worldwide infectious diseases. Due to drug resistance and the side effects of chemical drugs, the use of herbal medicines has increased. Scrophularia striata (S. striata) is a herbal flowering plant that is used in microbial infections. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of S. striata essential oil on dental carrier’s pathogens. Materials and Methods: In this study, S. striata essential oil was prepared and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods on dental caries pathogens Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), Actinomyces viscosus (A. viscosus), and Candida albicans (C. albicans). Moreover, the chemical composition of S. striata essential oil was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Results: Our results showed that the most antibacterial activity of S. striata essential oil was related to A. viscosus (22.9 mm), L. rhamnosus (21.7 mm), and S. mutans (16.9 mm) essential oil showed a low antifungal activity against C. albicans. The dominant chemical composition of S. striata essential oil was terpens (39.8%). Conclusion:  In general, S. striata essential oil has an appropriate antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. Therefore, it can be use in pharmaceutical industry to produce antimicrobial agents against dental caries and oral infectious diseases.}, Keywords = {Dental caries Antimicrobial, Scrophularia striata, Essential oil}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {36-42}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {EbrahimPour, Mohammad Hossein and Shemshadi, Bahar and Bahrami, Alimohammad and Shirali, Salome}, title = {Molecular identification of Dicrocoelium dendriticum using 28s rDNA genomic marker and its histopathologic features in domestic animals in western Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Dicrocoeliasis is a common disease of bile ducts and gallbladder of domestic and wild ruminants. This disease is caused by different species of dicrocoelium including Dicrocoelium dendriticum. The aim of this study was to identify pathological damages and molecular features associated with this parasite in ruminants. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 180 fresh adult D. dendriticum worms were collected from 45 infected livers of slaughtered cattle, sheep, and goats in three western provinces of Iran. After histopathological examination, a 963 bp fragment (28S rRNA [MRT1] gene) was amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The amplified fragment was digested by Trul1 restriction enzyme to evaluate through Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method.  Results: Based on histological examination, hyperplasia of mucosal glands and swelling of bile ducts of infected livers were observed. In all studied samples, a 963-bp fragment was produced by PCR. Based on PCR-RFLP, the PCR products were digested by Trul1 restriction enzyme producing four fragments (116 bp, 145 bp, 293 bp, and 409 bp) all of which were related to D. dendriticum. Sequencing of the obtained 28S rDNA fragments showed that all of them were completely similar, and comparing them with the Gene Bank sequences showed 97% to 100% similarity between homogeneous fragments. The obtained sequences were registered in the Gene Bank with the accession numbers of MT539114, MT539115, and MT539116. Conclusion: According to the present study, D. dendriticum is the predominant parasite infecting ruminants in west of Iran.  [MRT1]DNA or RNA?}, Keywords = {Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Pathology, 28s rDNA, PCR-RLFP, Sequencing}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {43-52}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-535-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-535-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {ChaechiNosrati, Mohammad Reza and Shemshadi, Bahar and Shayan, Parviz and RanjbarBahadori, Shahrokh and Eslami, Ali}, title = {High prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in ovine aborted fetuses in Gilan Province, Iran: Molecular detection and genotype characterization}, abstract ={Introduction: Sheep farming is one of the most important economic aspects of the livestock industry in Gilan province, Iran. Toxoplasmosis is a prevalent zoonotic disease and a major cause of abortion, congenital infection, and stillbirth in animals and humans. Previously, it was assumed that sheep are mostly infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) after birth. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that T. gondii congenital transmission is more prevalent than previously speculated. Therefore, determining the genotypes of this parasite in the intermediate host plays an important role in human infections and prevention programs. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the T. gondii genetic diversity in aborted ovine fetuses during the lambing season (2018-2019) in Gilan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: Molecular detection of T. gondii was performed in 44 brain tissue samples, collected from aborted ovine fetuses, using a nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) assay, to target the GRA6 gene. Also, the nested-PCR products belonging to the GRA6-positive samples underwent genotyping with the help of Tru1I (MseI) restriction enzyme using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to classify strains into one of the three major lineages of T. gondii. Results: The results revealed infection in 30 (68.18%) out of 44 brain samples of aborted ovine fetuses, based on the nested-PCR assay with GRA6 gene. Also, the PCR-RFLP results demonstrated the predominance of type II T. gondii in all of the isolates. Conclusion: Overall, the present results revealed the high incidence of T. gondii infection through congenital transmission.This is the first molecular detection and genotyping of T. gondii in ovine aborted fetuses in Gilan Province, Iran.}, Keywords = {Toxoplasmosis, Sheep, Abortion, Genotyping, Iran}, volume = {7}, Number = {4}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-559-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-559-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2020} }