en Microbiology Microbiology پژوهشي Research <div dir="ltr"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> <em>Helicobacter</em> <em>pylori (H. pylori)</em>, is a bacterium responsible for upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. The <em>16s rRNA </em>is a common <em>H. pylori</em> gene which are usually preferred for diagnosis purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and abundance of <em>16s rRNA </em>in fecal samples and also evaluate correlation between the level of <em>16s rRNA </em>and activities of the cytokines, TNF-&alpha and IL-1&beta, in serum.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> The present study was performed on 84 subjects with digestion problems. Fecal and blood samples were collected and 16s rRNA gene was assayed using PCR. The serum levels of TNF-&alpha and IL-1&beta levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results:</strong> The results of the study revealed that there was a positive correlation between the 16s rRNA gene, <em>H. pylori</em> stool antigen (HPSA) and TNF-&alpha cytokine. The study also noted that with every unit of increase in either of the quantified parameters of HPSA and IL-1&beta, the presence of 16s rRNA in fecal samples, showed a 2.98 and 1.01 times rise, respectively.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that activities of cytokine TNF-a correlated well with the presence of HPSA and 16srRNA gene in the stomach&rsquo;s lining. Increase in the activities of HPSA and TNF-a cytokine could be associated with the presence of <em>16s rRNA </em>in feces.</p> </div> Helicobacter pylori, 16s rRNA, TNF-α, IL- 1β, HPSA 35 40 http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-187-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ayat Moradipour ayatmoradipour@yahoo.com 10031947532846001875 10031947532846001875 No Department of Microbiology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran Afra Khosravi afrakhosravi@yahoo.co.uk 10031947532846001876 10031947532846001876 Yes Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Mohamadreza Mehrabi mehrabi.mehr@gmail.com 10031947532846001877 10031947532846001877 No Department of Laboratory Sciences, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran Sara Faryadian afrakhosravi@yahoo.co.uk 10031947532846001878 10031947532846001878 No Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran