en Physiology Physiology پژوهشي Research <div><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, can be associated with problems, such as hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation and infertility. Ginger and its active components, have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and operates as an inducible enzyme with a number of inflammatory stimuli like PCOS. In this research, we evaluated the effects of ginger extract on ovarian COX-2 gene expression and reproductive improvement in PCOS rats.<br> <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> After induction of PCOS (by Estradiol Valerate injection), the rats divided into, control, PCOS control, PCOS treated with ginger extract (150 and 300 mg/kg) groups. At the end of treatment period, biochemical factors were measured by ELISA kits and histological assessment was done. Then RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis of ovarian tissues was performed. The data were analized by one way ANOVA ,followed by Tucky test and gene expression data were evaluated by using &Delta;&Delta;CT method. Statistical significance level was set at P<0.05.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Administration of ginger extract to PCOS treated groups, led to improved gonadotropin, sex steroids and ovarian functioning. In addition, treatment of the PCOS group with 300 mg/kg of ginger extract caused to reduce COX-2 gene expression significantly (P<0.01).<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ginger extract can act as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, and can use as a replacement of conventional synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs, in the chronic inflammatory conditions like PCOS.</div> Ginger, Cyclooxygenase, PCOS,Gene expression 37 44 http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-368-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Parisa Sadat Pournaderi parisa.pournaderi@gmail.com 10031947532846003509 10031947532846003509 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Parichehreh Yaghmaei parichehrehyaghmaei@gmail.com 10031947532846003510 10031947532846003510 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Seyed Hossein Hejazi seyyedhosein.hejazi@gmail.com 10031947532846003511 10031947532846003511 Yes Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan , Iran Zahra Noormohammadi nourmohamadi.zahraa@gmail.com 10031947532846003512 10031947532846003512 No Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Hamid Reza Khodaei khodaei.hr@gmail.com 10031947532846003513 10031947532846003513 No Department of Animal Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Golpayegan Branch, Isfahan, Iran