en Toxicology Toxicology پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><a name="_Hlk137403864"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction: </span></b></a><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Cancer is a disorder with a high mortality rate that leads to many psychological and economic conflicts. Herbal compounds that induce apoptosis are one of the methods for the treatment of cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of hydroxytyrosol on oral cancer cell line KB and the regulation of <i>BAX</i> and <i>BCL2</i> genes expression.</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" lang="EN-GB"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: Anti-proliferation effects of hydroxytyrosol against oral cancer cell line KB were investigated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, mRNA expression of <i>BAX</i> and <i>BCL2</i> genes were investigated by quantitative Real-Time PCR method. </span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: </span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">We observed a significant decrease in proliferation of the oral cancer cell line treated with hydroxytyrosol. In addition, expression of <i>BAX</i> and <i>BCL2</i> genes was significantly increased (3.3 fold) and decreased (2.2 fold) in the oral cancer cell line treated with Hydroxytyrosol, respectively (P < 0.05). </span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: </span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The study indicated a high antiproliferation effect of hydroxytyrosol against oral cancer cell line KB through regulating the expression of some apoptotic genes.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Oral cancer, Hydroxytyrosol, Apoptosis, Anticancer 31 37 http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-563-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zahra Amini amini.zahra@yahoo.com 10031947532846007564 10031947532846007564 No Department of Marine Biology, Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University, Khorramshahr, Iran Rasoul Etemadi etemadi.rasoul@gmail.com 10031947532846007565 10031947532846007565 No Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Gholamreza Jahangirzadeh Sooreh gh.jahangirzadeh@gmail.com 10031947532846007566 10031947532846007566 No Department of Molecular Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Milad Jaberi milad.jaberi@gmail.com 10031947532846007567 10031947532846007567 Yes Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran