en Microbiology Microbiology پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:9pt"><span minion="" pro="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Introduction</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">: Looking into the literature, many articles accuse bacterial persister cells as important causes of infection relapse/recalcitrance. This opinion paper, highlights the knowledge gaps and scientific misconceptions in experimental procedures regarding the role of persisters in relapse/recalcitrance of infections and recommends a roadmap for investigations in this field.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:9pt"><span minion="" pro="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Conclusion</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: &nbsp;</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">It is debated in this paper, that unless the queries and missing points are addressed clearly, persisters cannot be stigmatized as the culprit of infection relapse/recalcitrance.</span></span></span> Persister cells, Bacteria, Relapse, Recalcitrance, Infection 79 85 http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-358-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani behroz.sadeghi@gmail.com 10031947532846007516 10031947532846007516 No Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran - Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Parisa Asadollahi asadolahi.p@gmail.com 10031947532846007517 10031947532846007517 Yes Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran - Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran