eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 1 13 article Shima Hashemi shimasepsix@gmail.com 1 Ashraf Direkvand Moghadam Direkvand-a@medilam.ac.ir 2 Kourosh Sayehmiri sayehmiri@razi.yums.ac.ir 3 Mirhadi Mousavi Mirhadimousavi33@yahoo.com 4 Hamzeh Ahmadi hamzeh.ahmadi@yahoo.com 5 Monireh Azizi Aziz.moaz@gmail.com 6 Khairollah Asadollahi Masoud_1241@yahoo.co.uk 7 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Midwifery. Faculty of Nursery and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, lsfahan, lran Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Abortion, a common pregnancy complication, is influenced by multifaceted reproductive, economic, social, and cultural factors. This study investigates abortion determinants among pregnant women in Khorramabad, Iran, from September 2020 to March 2021. Material & Methods: This case-control study involved 416 pregnant women (208 cases, 208 controls) selected from Khorramabad health centers through census and random sampling during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on demographics and pregnancy history were collected using a checklist and analyzed with STATA16. Results: Among the 416 pregnant women, the mean age was 31.00 ± 5.53 years in the control group and 32.27 ± 6.85 years in the case group. Furthermore, 74 (35.58%) mothers in the case group had a diploma, 192 (92.31%) were housewives, and 106 (50.96%) had A+ blood group. The majority of mothers (46.63% in case, 39.42% in control) had an overweight range of pre-pregnancy BMI (25-29.9) (kg/m2). The mean height was 162.97 ± 5.30 in the control group and 160.86 ± 5.39 in the case group. Multiple regression logistic analysis confirmed significant associations between abortion and mother's age (OR=4.67, 95%CI=1.11-19.62), previous cesarean delivery (OR=4.33, 95%CI=1.94-9.66), not taking folic acid pills during pregnancy (OR=14.92, 95%CI=6.25-35.61), low income (OR=7.00, 95%CI=2.02-24.35), not smoking (OR=0.28, 95%CI=0.08-0.94), and absence of pre-diabetes (OR=0.13, 95%CI=0.03-0.47) (p < 0.05). No significant relationships were found between abortion and other studied risk factors. Conclusion:  Older mothers with lower income levels are more likely to experience abortion. Additionally, factors such as pre-existing pre-diabetes, previous cesarean deliveries, smoking, lack of folic acid supplementation, and maternal infections are identified as risk factors for abortion. Providing education, healthcare, and continuous support from healthcare workers can promote safe pregnancies, reduce the risk of abortion, and enhance maternal and child health outcomes. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-801-en.pdf Abortion Pregnancy Mothers Child eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 14 21 article Esmaeel Ghaderi lioessi17@gmail.com 1 Narges Jalilian nargesjalilian8021@gmail.com 2 Paria Hashemi pr.hashemi@yahoo.con 3 Fatemeh Heydari ftm.heydari2018@gmail.com 4 Shokoofeh Kazemzadeh shokoofe_kazemzadeh@yahoo.com 5 Azar Babakhani 6 Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Medical Basic Science, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Burn injuries represent a prevalent concern among children, often resulting in irreversible complications. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and severity of burns in children under 12 years of age admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ilam from 2015 to 2019. Material & Methods: This retrospective descriptive study examined the medical records of 150 children under 12 years old admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ilam with burn injuries between 2015 and 2019. Data were collected through chart reviews and interviews with the patients' families, and analyzed using SPSS v-19. Results: The majority of burn cases occurred in children under three years old (61.3%, 92 individuals), with more than half being boys (55.3%, 83 individuals). Second-degree burns accounted for 87.3% (131 individuals) of cases, with approximately 80% (120 individuals) involving burns covering 1-20% of the body surface area. Hot liquids were the leading cause of burns (79.9%, 119 individuals), and 84% (126 individuals) of burns occurred in enclosed spaces. Only 18.7% (122 individuals) of cases required hospitalization, with no fatalities reported. Conclusion:  Preventive measures targeting young children, particularly those under three years old, and boys, given their active nature, are crucial in reducing burn incidents. Additionally, addressing factors such as the availability of combustible materials, particularly hot liquids, through educational programs can significantly contribute to burn prevention efforts. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-815-en.pdf Burns Epidemiology Child eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 22 32 article Khairollah Asadollahi masoud_1241@yahoo.co.uk 1 Arezoo Karimi 2 Nazanin Rezaei 3 MirHadi Mussavi 4 Monireh Azizi 5 Salman Daliri 6 Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Health Deputy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Introduction: The Apgar score, assessing newborns' health at birth, indicates adverse conditions and the need for medical attention. This study investigates its predictive value for neonatal outcomes. Material & Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 207 neonates in Ilam city hospitals (2015-2016). It compared two groups: 69 neonates with Apgar scores <7 (exposed) and 138 with scores ≥7 (unexposed) at birth. Neonates were followed through the neonatal period, and outcomes were compared. Statistical analysis used SPSS Statistics software. Results: At the fifth minute, the exposed group had higher rates of resuscitation need (51% vs. 26.7%, p=0.01), re-admission (51% vs. 31.1%), and mortality (60% vs. 12.2%, p=0.03) compared to the unexposed group. Relative risks for the exposed group were 3.8 (resuscitation), 6.1 (NICU admission), 2.94 (re-admission), and 2.5 (mortality) at the first minute, and 2.9, 2.7, 2.3, and 19.9, respectively, at the fifth minute. Conclusion:  Apgar scores <7 increase the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes including NICU admission, resuscitation, and higher mortality rates. The Apgar score serves as a valuable predictor of adverse neonatal outcomes. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-794-en.pdf Apgar Score Neonatal Complications Cohort Study eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 33 42 article Maryam Kheiry m.kheiry@yahoo.com 1 Aliashraf Mozafari mozafari-a@medilam.ac.ir 2 Mohamadreza Kaffashian kaffashian-mr@medilam.ac.ir 3 Amin kheiri kheiri-a@medilam.ac.ir 4 Masoumeh shohani shohani-m@medilam.ac.ir 5 Azra Kenarkoohi kenarkoohi-a@medilam.ac.ir 6 mahdi vahabi drmahdi.vahabi76@gmail.com 7 maryam maleki maryammaleki777@yahoo.com 8 Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Iran Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Effective performance in online education increasingly impacts the quality of classes and, consequently, student learning outcomes. This study aims to compare satisfaction levels and learning rates between online and face-to-face methods of teaching medical physiology. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study involved 79 medical students divided into two groups. The first group received instruction on heart physiology (5 weeks, one session per week) online via the Navid system, while the second group received face-to-face instruction. At the study's conclusion, both groups underwent the same test to assess learning outcomes, and satisfaction with the teaching methods was evaluated through a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Stata 14 statistical software, employing logistic regression and linear regression models. Results: The two groups differed in terms of the course studied, student nativeness, and satisfaction levels with the educational method. Satisfaction with online education was reported at 69%, compared to 65% for the face-to-face method. The average learning score for students in the online group was 12.93±0.12, while in the face-to-face group, it was 13.48±0.47. However, the linear regression model revealed no significant relationship between students' scores and specific educational methods (p=0.32). Significant relationships were observed between age, nativeness, and dormitory accommodation with satisfaction levels in online education. Conversely, none of the variables showed a significant relationship with satisfaction levels in face-to-face education. Conclusion:  Both e-learning and face-to-face methods demonstrated relatively similar effects on students' learning outcomes. However, satisfaction levels with online education appear to be influenced by variables such as age, nativeness, and dormitory accommodation.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-817-en.pdf face-to-face education electronic learning physiology satisfaction learning students medicine eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 43 52 article Maryam Bagheri maryam.bagheri@medilam.ac.ir 1 Sajjad Salari sajjad.salari@medilam.ac.ir 2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: High-tempo music is commonly used during exercise to enhance physical activity. Post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation, responsible for cardiac recovery, is crucial for predicting cardiac arrhythmia and overall heart health. Previous studies have demonstrated positive effects of music on exercise performance in healthy individuals. However, little is known about its impact on diabetic (Type II) females and young adults. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of listening to high-tempo music during exercise on workout performance and parasympathetic reactivation in these populations. Material & Methods: We evaluated a total of 70 females, including healthy individuals (n=36) and diabetic (Type II) females (n=34). Prior to the experiment, lipid profile and cardiac risk ratio were measured in blood samples taken one week before the active sessions. Each participant underwent two separate active sessions: one session involved running without music, and the other involved running while listening to music for a duration of 6 minutes. Heart rate was measured before running and at zero, five, and ten minutes after exercise. Running distance was also recorded. Results: In healthy adults, running distance significantly increased when listening to music during exercise compared to the non-music session (P<0.0001). Additionally, heart rate was significantly higher at time zero during running with music compared to the non-music session (P<0.0001). However, heart rate recovery was superior 10 minutes after exercise in the music group compared to the non-music group in diabetic females (P<0.0001). Conclusion:  Listening to high-tempo music during exercise may increase sympathetic activity and enhance exercise performance, particularly in healthy young adults. Interestingly, listening to music during exercise may accelerate parasympathetic reactivation to a greater extent in diabetic females, potentially reducing the risk of arrhythmias during the resting period without enhancing exercise performance http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-814-en.pdf Music Parasympathetic Nervous System heart rate diabetes mellitus type 2 eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 53 61 article Leila Mahmoodnia leilamahmoodnia@yahoo.com 1 Zahra Forouzandeh Shahrakei forouzandehz89@yahoo.com 2 Sanaz Hojatyar sanaz@yahoo.com 3 Mahbubeh Setorki Doctor.setorgi@gmail. com 4 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Hajar Hospital Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Deputy of Research and Technology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Department of Biology, Izeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Izeh, Iran Introduction: Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases and a major health concern, despite the availability of a variety of synthetic drugs for its treatment. The multiple consequences of this disease, combined with the potential side effects of chemical treatments, led to the study of other therapies, such as the use of medicinal plants renowned for a variety of active components. Given the historic usage of medicinal plants for diabetes treatment, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of lavender (Lavandula officinalis) hydroalcoholic extract on specific blood and urine biochemical factors in diabetic patients. Material & Methods: In this double-blinding clinical trial, a total of 72 diabetes patients were divided into two groups: a control group that received a placebo and a treatment group that received the lavender hydroalcoholic extract. Capsules containing the lavender extract were formulated to be administered. The placebo capsules were given to the control group, while the lavender extract capsules were given to the treatment group twice a day, once in the morning and once at night, for two months. All patients underwent blood biochemical testing and urine analysis at the beginning and end of the trial. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS 18 software. Results: Compared to the placebo group, the mean HDL-C increased and the average levels of FBS, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TG, Chol, AST, and ALT became significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the patients who received capsules containing lavender extract. Likewise, the urine protein and sugar levels in the patients who received the lavender extract group were significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. Yet, the average changes in BMI did not differ significantly between the groups receiving lavender extract and the placebo (P > 0.05). Conclusion:  The lavender plant with different phenolic and flavonoids compounds could reduce blood sugar and also improve lipid profile in people with diabetes. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-781-en.pdf Diabetes Mellitus Lavandula Plant Extracts eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 62 69 article Milad MohamadYari 1 Aryoobarzan Rahmatian 2 Monireh Azizi 3 Khairollah Asadollahi 4 Student research committee, Ilam university of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Strokes rank among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) on the rise in Iran. Thrombolytic drugs constitute a primary treatment for ischemic stroke. However, due to limited studies in Iran, there exists hesitation among physicians regarding their administration. This study aims to assess the efficacy of these drugs on AIS patients. Methods: In a clinical trial, 80 patients with ischemic stroke were divided into treatment and control groups. Both groups were assessed upon admission and 72 hours later using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge. The treatment group received Alteplase (0.9mg/kg), while the control group received standard care. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20. Results: The mean NIHSS ± SD scores at admission and 72 hours later in the treatment group were 10.0±3.51 and 4.55±8.75, respectively, compared to 8.53±3.52 and 7.88±9.21 in the control group, showing a significant difference in favor of the treatment group (P < 0.001). Similarly, the mean mRS± SD score in the treatment group was 1.68±1.79, significantly lower than the control group's 3.15±1.61 (P < 0.001). Conclusion:  Intravenous Alteplase administration proved effective in treating patients with ischemic stroke, significantly reducing neurological complications and disabilities compared to standard medical care. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-793-en.pdf Cerebrovascular Disorders Stroke Tissue Plasminogen Activator Alteplase National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2024-04 11 2 70 79 article Hamid Rajabi hrajabi1346@gmail.com 1 Seyed Sarmad Zahmatkeshan zahmatkeshan.ss@gmail.com 2 Azam Ahmadi ahmadi.azam@gmail.com 3 Department of Exercise physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Department of Exercise physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Department of Exercise physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Evidence suggests a link between serum adropin levels and coagulation factors, with physical activity boosting adropin circulation. This study investigates the correlation between adropin and blood coagulation factors in young adults at varying activity levels. Material & Methods: Fifty healthy young adults were divided into active and inactive groups using the Baecke questionnaire. Blood samples assessed adropin and coagulation factors. Statistical tests included Mann-Whitney and independent t-tests for comparison, with Spearman's correlation coefficient determining strength. Results: Active participants exhibited significantly lower fibrinogen (p<0.05) and higher adropin levels (p<0.05) compared to inactive peers. Physical activity correlated negatively (r=-0.27, p=0.05) with fibrinogen but not with adropin and other coagulation factors. Conclusion:  Elevated physical activity levels correlate with heightened serum adropin and reduced serum fibrinogen. Moreover, serum fibrinogen, a critical coagulation factor influencing blood clot formation, appears particularly sensitive to the effects of physical activity. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-810-en.pdf Adropin Blood Coagulation Factors Exercise