eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 1 10 article Sajad Sohrabnejad sohrabnejad1989@gmail.com 1 Marzia Mehrabaninasab 2 Hassan Nazari hassan.nazari@gmail.com 3 AliMohamad Sohrabnejad sohrabnejad2014@gmail.com 4 Golestan Nazari nazarigoulestan193@gmail.com 5 Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Islamic Azad Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. 4Department of Persian Language and Literature, Farhangian University, Ilam, Iran Department of Counseling, Farhangian University, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Addiction is a chronic disease leaving deep social, psychological, physical, and economic effects on the individual. This study aimed to assess the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on suicidal thoughts, sensation seeking, and distress tolerance in substance users. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental controlled trial with a pretest/posttest design. The study population consisted of all substance-dependent individuals who were referred to the addiction treatment center of the psychiatric department of Mustafa Khomeini Hospital in Ilam in 2022. Using the convenience sampling method, 32 individuals were selected as the sample population and were randomly assigned to two groups of 16 individuals. In this study, the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSSI), and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) were used to collect data. The data analysis method was descriptive and inferential statistics. Data were analyzed using Chi Square, Pillay effect, Wilks’ lambda, Hoteling effect, Root Largest Rey, and multivariate covariance (MANCOVA) tests in SPSS v.16, with a significance level of 0.001. Results: Acceptance and commitment therapy was effective on the studied variables. The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy reduced suicidal thoughts (P < 0.001), reduced sensation seeking (P < 0.001), and increased distress tolerance (P<0.001). Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy has positive effects on suicidal thoughts, sensation seeking, and distress tolerance in male substance users, reducing suicidal thoughts and sensation seeking and augmenting distress tolerance in them.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.pdf Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Suicidal Ideation Substance-Related Disorders eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 11 20 article Maryam Kheiry m.kheiry@yahoo.com 1 Farajolah Maleki 2 Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran. Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini hospital, Ilam university of medical sciences, Ilam, Iran. This paper delves into the ground-breaking role of MicroRNA in forecasting cancer, focusing particularly on breast cancer. MicroRNAs, tiny non-coding RNA molecules, govern gene expression and have surfaced as encouraging biomarkers for cancer prognosis. Traditional approaches to breast cancer forecasting, like mammography and genetic testing, come with constraints in accuracy and sensitivity. MicroRNA-dependent prognostication techniques present benefits, such as stability in bodily fluids, tissue-specific expression patterns, and the potential for non-invasive testing. These techniques can enhance precision, sensitivity, and specificity, resulting in timely detection and personalized treatment plans. Despite the promising outlook for MicroRNA in cancer prognosis, obstacles like standardization of detection techniques and ethical dilemmas require attention. Scopus, PubMed and, Web of Science databases were used, and articles were extracted and reviewed using the keywords microRNA, Breast Cancer, Prediction. The paper concludes that MicroRNA is poised to assume a pivotal role in the timely identification and efficient management of cancer, heralding a new age of tailored medicine.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-849-en.pdf microRNA Breast Cancer Prediction eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 21 29 article Reza Salari Moghaddam Reza.salari70@yahoo.com 1 Maryam Nasrollahi maryamnasrollahi99@yahoo.com 2 Amin Kheiri Amin.kheiry64@gmail.com 3 Shirin Marzoughi shirin.marzoughi@gmail.com 4 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Molar incisor hypo mineralization (MIH) is defined as extensive progressive enamel defects with a developmental origin. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of molar incisor hypo mineralization (MIH) in 6-12-year-old Iranian children 2022. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all 6-12-year-old Iranian children residing in Ilam City, Iran, in 2022. For clinical oral examination, the surface of maxillary and mandibular permanent first molars and incisors was cleaned with a gauze and inspected and examined under adequate lighting and by using a dental explorer in wet conditions for the presence of opaque spots, surface degradation, and caries. The Chi-square and multiple logistic model were applied. Data were analyzed in SPSS V.24 at the level of 0.05 significance. Results: Totally 1,016 children between 6-12 years participated in the study's first phase, 112 had MIH, yielding a prevalence rate of 11% for this condition. MIH was found in 53.2% of maxillary molars, 37.1% of mandibular molars, 9.7% of both maxillary and mandibular molars, 66% of maxillary incisors, 32% of mandibular incisors, and 2% of both maxillary and mandibular incisors. History of cesarean section (P<0.001), gestational diabetes (P=0.001), Chickenpox (P=0.041), Newborn jaundice (P<0.001), Otitis (P=0.036), Urinary tract infection (P=0.020), Antibiotic therapy (P<0.001) and Respiratory problems (P=0.047) had a positive association with MIH. Conclusion: The prevalence of MIH was 11% in the study population, and cesarean section, gestational diabetes, medication intake during pregnancy, genetics, newborn jaundice, respiratory problems, otitis, urinary tract infection, antibiotic therapy, and chickenpox were significantly correlated with its occurrence.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-857-en.pdf Molar Hypo Mineralization Prevalence Etiology Child eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 30 36 article Amirreza Moradi amyrrda086@gmail.com 1 Arman Azadi 2 Fatemeh Darbzadeh fatima.darabzadeh@yahoo.com 3 Sara Nazarian 4 Razyeh Valadbeigi 5 Asad Imani imani.nursing@gmail.com 6 Student Research Committee, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Instructor, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Student Research Committee, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Student Research Committee, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Introduction: Hugo point massage is a non-pharmacological method suggested to reduce pain, commonly experienced after invasive procedures. This study aimed to assess the effect of Hugo point massage on pain caused by venous catheterization. Materials and Methods: In this double-blinded RCT, 68 surgical candidates meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups via dice rolling. The intervention group received a three-minute Hugo point massage before venipuncture in the antecubital area, performed by a nurse. The control group underwent standard venipuncture by the same nurse. Pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) before, during, and five minutes after venipuncture. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square, Repeated Measure ANOVA, Fisher's Exact Test, Post Hoc, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, were conducted using SPSS v.16 with a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 51.47 ± 4.28 years. Pain intensity scores (Mean ± SD) were significantly lower in the intervention group (4.33±0.42) compared to the control group (8.21±1.03). No significant differences were observed between the groups before the intervention, but a significant reduction in pain was noted five minutes after venipuncture in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: A three-minute Hugo point massage before venipuncture significantly reduces catheterization pain.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-863-en.pdf Acupressure Catheterization Massage Pain eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 37 45 article Zeinab Namadmaliani Zadeh namadmalianiz@gmail.com 1 Reza Johari Fard rjoharfard@gmail.com 2 Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari talebzademarzieh@gmail.com 3 Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. Introduction: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder that can have significant psychosocial consequences, making it important to identify factors involved in its development and maintenance. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-concept in the relationship between social well-being and BDD in individuals seeking treatment at beauty clinics in Ahvaz City. Materials & Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional correlational design was utilized in this study to examine the relationships among BDD, self-concept, and social well-being. Participants were 180 individuals diagnosed with BDD who sought treatment at beauty clinics in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2022. A convenience sample was employed for participant recruitment. Data were collected using the Body Dysmorphic Metacognitive Questionnaire, Self-Concept Questionnaire, and Social Well-being Questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted using AMOS, complemented by Pearson correlation analysis using SPSS version 16, to test the proposed theoretical model. All statistical analyses were conducted with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results of the study indicated that the model fit indices were within the acceptable range. There was a significant negative correlation between BDD and both social well-being (r = -0.34) and self-concept (r = 0.22). Moreover, the indirect relationship between social well-being and BDD, mediated by self-concept, was significant (P = 0.010). Conclusion: : The results indicate a robust association between BDD, self-concept, and social well-being. Specifically, findings suggest that individuals with heightened BDD symptoms tend to report lower self-concept and diminished social well-being.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-880-en.pdf Body dysmorphic disorder Body image Well-being Self-concept eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 46 51 article Yeganeh Baniasadi 1 Alireza Ghafari Nezhad 2 Mana Aminaie 3 Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical, Kerman, Iran. Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical, Kerman, Iran. Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical, Kerman, Iran. Abstract: Introduction: Selecting a residency field is crucial for physicians, with psychiatry being a less popular choice among graduates. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the factors that influence medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry to enhance their education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of medical students towards the specialized field of psychiatry. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2021 at Kerman University of Medical Sciences, involved a sample size of 348 individuals. Data collection was conducted using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The studied variables were analyzed using Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and independent t-test. Data were analyzed by SPSS V.24 at the level of significance less than 0.05. Results: The results of our study showed that the mean score of attitudes in the students was 59.54 ± 13.22 (21–96), which had no statistically significant relationship with age (P-value = 0.242), marital status (P-value = 0.46), gender (P-value = 0.827), GPA (P-value = 0.961), or level of education (P-value = 0.188). Also, it was found that 45.4% were against choosing psychiatry as a specialized field, 19.6% had no opinion, and only 35% agreed with choosing it as a specialized field. Conclusion: The study found that students had a positive attitude toward psychiatry, but their low interest in pursuing it suggests the need for targeted training programs to raise awareness and promote it as a viable career option alongside other fields.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-883-en.pdf Psychiatry Students Medical Education Attitude eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 52 58 article Marziye Tolide 1 Ali Khorshidi khorshidi-a@medilam.ac.ir 2 Jamil Sadeghifar 3 Tayebe Shokri t.shokrip@gmail.com 4 Zahra Shoara shoarazahra@gmail.com 5 Sayede Sara Hosseini isarah.2079@gmail.com 6 Department of e-learning, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Medical Education Study and Development Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran BSc of Public Health- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Critical thinking is one of the most key skills needed by an outstanding student, which can lead to beneficial results by influencing the learning process. Measuring the state of critical thinking among students and searching for the relationship of this variable with factors such as learning styles can be a guide for policymakers and educational managers in designing and revising educational strategies. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between critical thinking and learning styles. Materials and Methods: The current study was a cross sectional research which conducted in 2023. The participants were 110 first-year students who studying at Ilam University of Medical Sciences in the fields of health, nursing and midwifery, medical emergencies and allied health professions. The data were collected using VARK learning styles questionnaire and the California Critical Thinking Skills Test Questionnaire Form B. Statistical tests included independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) which imported to SPSS V.21 at the level of significance less than 0.05. Results: The average critical thinking score of the participants was 8.55. More than half of the studied students had two or more learning styles. There is a statistically significant relationship between single-style and multi-style modes of VARK learning and evaluation skills (p=0.034) and inductive reasoning (p=0.009) of critical thinking. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the skills related to reasoning and critical thinking among students of medical sciences with a longitudinal theme approach, both in the form of official curriculum and in the form of short-term training courses.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-891-en.pdf Thinking Learning Medicine Students eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-04 12 2 59 70 article Zohreh Sohrabi zo_sohrabi@yahoo.com 1 Zohreh Hosseinzadeh fifisolati85@gmail.com 2 Forouzan Kavarizadeh 3 Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Vice-Director, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical, Tehran, Iran. Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Vice-Director, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical, Tehran, Iran Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Vice-Director, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Formative Assessment is integral to medical education, serving the purpose of enhancing learning efficacy, providing feedback to students and faculty, and refining teaching methodologies for student advancement and academic progression. This study was therefore designed with the aim of investigating formative assessment and its impact on the education of students. Materials and Methods: This study was a scoping review are based on Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Published studies from 2000 to 2024 were retrieved from Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, PubMed/Medline (NLM), and ERIC. The keywords of education, teaching, learning, medical education, Formative Assessment and their English equivalents were used. Results: A total of 2,433 articles were initially identified, with 53 meeting the inclusion criteria. After screening, 16 key conceptual areas related to the impact of Formative Assessment in medical education were identified. These areas include web-based self-assessment, feedback, longitudinal assessment, classroom interaction, dynamic evaluation, motivation, cumulative learning impact, continuous revision, reflection, OSCE, clinical reasoning, instructor experience, and strategies for student success. Conclusion: The findings of this review show the impact of Formative Assessment on learning, teaching and introduce some methods of Formative Assessment in medical education and the benefits of using them. By integrating these strategies into your teaching practice, you can generate a dynamic learning environment that supports ongoing student development and fosters a culture of continuous improvement. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-923-en.pdf Formative Assessment Learning Medical Education Scoping Review