eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 1 9 article Saeed Hemati saeedhemati0064@gmail.com 1 Maryam Kheiry m.kheri@yahoo.com 2 Farajolah Maleki Fmaleki531@gmail.com 3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: In fact, individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are highly susceptible to developing urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to evaluate the etiologic agents of UTIs and their patterns of antimicrobial resistance among diabetic patients with UTIs in Ilam, western Iran. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 to December 2023 in Ilam, in western Iran. A total of 3,362 patients with DM and UTI were evaluated for common uropathogens. Bacterial identification was performed using colony morphology, Gram staining, and standard biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16.0. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to assess the association between the variables (p-value <0.05 as significant). Results:  Among the diabetic samples, 0.8% (27/3,362) were positive for uropathogens, with a higher prevalence in females (77.8%) than in males (22.2%) (p-value = 0.03). All positive cases were older than 44 years (p-value = 0.02). Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were more common (70.3%) than gram-positive bacteria (GPB) (29.7%) (p-value = 0.001). Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen (63%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (25.9%), Citrobacter spp. (3.7%), Klebsiella spp. (3.7%), and coagulase-positive staphylococci (3.7%). Cefazolin and cephalexin showed the highest efficacy against GNB (both 10.5% resistance), whereas norfloxacin (63.2%), ampicillin (57.9%), and nalidixic acid (52.6%) exhibited higher resistance rates. Among GPB, co-trimoxazole, gentamycin, cefazolin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were more effective (100% sensitive), whereas oxacillin (37.5%) showed poor efficacy. Conclusion:  This study highlights the prevalence and resistance patterns of uropathogens in diabetic patients with UTIs, emphasizing the need for targeted antibiotic therapy and continuous monitoring.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.pdf Urinary Tract Infections Drug Resistance Diabetes eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 10 16 article Fariba Abdal dr.faribaabdal@yahoo.com 1 Masumeh Mohammadzadeh 2 Fahime Feili 3 Atefeh Sheikhi 4 Negin Neshanifard 5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Introduction: Odontogenic infections are one of the common causes of maxillary sinusitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the increase in maxillary sinus thickness and its relationship with odontogenic factors in panoramic images. Materials & Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined 1246 sinuses. The images recorded odontogenic factors such as periapical lesions, dental caries, root canal treatment, periodontal lesions, and implants. Their relationship with the increase in the thickness of maxillary sinus mucosa was evaluated. The data was analyzed with SPSS16 statistical software and chi-square, as well as the significance level (P < 0.05). Results:  Among the examined panoramic images, 468 showed an increase in the thickness of the sinus mucous membrane. There was a significant relationship between dental caries, periapical lesions, root canal treatment, and periodontal diseases with an increase in the thickness of the sinus mucosa (P = 0.001). There was no significant relationship between the presence of the implant and the increase in maxillary sinus mucosa thickness (P=0.057). Conclusion:  The results of this study significantly correlate the increased thickness of the maxillary sinus mucosa with odontogenic and inflammatory lesions. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-854-en.pdf Maxillary Sinus Panoramic Images Odontogenic Periapical eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 17 29 article Mohsen Emami-Razavi razavi246@gmail.com 1 Sarina Abbasi Dezfouli sarinaabbasidezfouli@gmail.com 2 Department of Physics, College of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Department of Physics, College of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Despite advances in cancer therapy, many treatments result in significant side effects and inconsistent remission. This review was aimed at exploring the potential of Auger electrons (AEs) as a novel, highly localized approach to cancer treatment. Materials & Methods: Relevant studies were reviewed to examine the mechanism of action of AEs emitted from radioisotopes, their DNA-damaging effects, and their selective activity in cancer cells. The analysis also included recent developments in cancer cell detection based on surface charges, radionuclide delivery systems, and the role of proton tunneling and low-energy electrons in DNA disruption. Results:  Auger electrons, characterized by low energy and high linear energy transfer (LET), induce lethal DNA damage with minimal impact on surrounding healthy tissue. They act through direct DNA interaction or indirectly via water ionization. Detection methods based on cell surface charge properties showed promise in improving cancer cell targeting. Additionally, advancements in radionuclide carriers enhanced delivery precision. Insights into proton tunneling supported the biological relevance of low-energy electrons in therapeutic applications. Conclusion:  Auger electron therapy offers a promising, targeted strategy for cancer treatment with reduced collateral damage. Continued research is needed to refine delivery systems and better understand electron-cell interactions to maximize therapeutic outcomes.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.pdf Radioisotopes DNA Damage Neoplasms eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 30 42 article Mohammad Bagher Moradi Mahaki m.mahaki56@gmail.com 1 Koroush SayehMiri 2 Heshmatollah Noormoradi 3 Ghobad Abangah 4 Khairollah Asadollahi 5 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Statistics, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Health and Environment Research Center, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Internal Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer in Iran. This study aimed to determine the incidence of gastric cancer and its relationship with geographical factors in Lorestan province between 2013-2016. Materials & Methods: All data related to gastric cancer was collected from the comprehensive cancer registration system and national population census data in Lorestan Province. To investigate the general characteristics, descriptive tables and graphs were used. Pearson correlation and linear regression model were used to evaluate the relationship between the incidence of stomach cancer and geographical factors and Arc Gis.ver10.8 software was used to compare the incidence rate of cancer. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant in the SPSS V.18. Results:  Totally 907 patients with gastric cancer were registered during 2013-2016, of which 68.7% were men, 82.4% were from urban areas, and 17.6% from the rural areas. Mean (standard deviation) of the age of patients was 66 (15) years. The cumulative incidence rate of gastric cancer in Lorestan province was 51.5 per 100,000 populations. The annual incidence rate varied between 9.1 and 18 per 100,000 populations. The relationship between incidence of gastric cancer and geographical factors was insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion:  The cumulative incidence rate of gastric cancer in Lorestan province was 51.5 per 100,000 that relatively is high in Iran. There was no significant relationship between the incidence of gastric cancer and geographical factors. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-892-en.pdf Incidence Stomach Neoplasm Geographic Mapping eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 43 51 article Majid Rostami-Mogaddam rostamimajid665@gmail.com 1 Leyla Rezaei l.rezayi@gmail.com 2 Afrouz Mardi a.mardi@gmail.com 3 Amir Sadrinia 4 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Department of public Health, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Introduction: About 50% of men experience different types of hair loss by the age of 50. To treat this problem, based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the aim of this study was to compare the effect of 2% topical finasteride solution versus 5% topical minoxidil solution in the treatment of androgenic alopecia in men. Materials & Methods: The study was quasi-experimental and was conducted on 194 men with the initial complaint of hair loss in the dermatology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Ardabil during September 2020 and June 2021, who were randomly divided into two equal groups by the random block method. Data were collected by a checklist and then analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods in SPSS V.21. The significance level was considered less than 0.05. Results:  In the minoxidil and finasteride group, the pull test was negative in 17.7% and 24.5% of patients during the first month, respectively. In 2-3% of patients in the minoxidil group, tension headache and scalp irritation were reported, but no such side effects were found in the finasteride group. In general, reduction of hair loss and hair regrowth during six months of continuous use of the drug was observed in 65.6% of patients in the minoxidil group and 85.4% of patients in the finasteride group. Conclusion:  Topical solutions of finasteride and minoxidil were effective and safe in the treatment of mild to severe androgenetic alopecia in men. http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-913-en.pdf Alopecia Finasteride Minoxidil Men eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 52 63 article Bita Shokri bita.shokri19921371@gmail.com 1 Iran Chanideh Iran.chanideh24@gmail.com 2 Ali Salimi Asalimi07@gmail.com 3 Mohammad Reza Akrami mmdakrami@yahoo.com 4 Research expert at the Health Insurance Research Center of Kermanshah ProvinceResearch assistant of Taleghani Hospital Research Center Department of Neurosurgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Department of Neurosurgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Psychiatry Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Introduction: The cervical spine, endowed with significant mobility due to two specialized vertebrae connected to the skull, can suffer from unnatural positioning, leading to asymmetry and injuries. This study was conducted to examine the morphological status of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7) in a clinical population. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 450 patients with neck trauma between December 2018 and August 2019 at Taleghani Hospital, a tertiary referral center in Kermanshah, Iran. Demographic data, including age, gender, height, and BMI, were collected. Morphological measurements were obtained from CT scans, complemented by MRI in selected cases. Parameters included vertebral body dimensions, foramina size, and facet lengths. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v22. Quantitative variables were assessed with t-tests and ANOVA. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered. Results:  Significant differences were found in the dimensions of vertebrae C3–C7 among demographic subgroups (P<0.01). Vertebral body width, length, height, and foramina dimensions were generally larger in males, patients over 60 years old, individuals taller than 180 cm, and those with higher BMI values. Conclusion:  The study concludes that the vertebral body dimensions at levels C3–C7 are significantly larger in males, individuals over 60 years of age, those taller than 180 cm, and those with higher BMI values.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-795-en.pdf Cervical Vertebrae Spine Patients eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 64 74 article Mohammad Mahdi Madani Gholamiman@yahoo.com 1 Hossein Abednatanzi abednazari@gmail.com 2 Mandana Gholami 3 Farshad Ghazalian 4 Department of professional Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of professional Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of professional Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of professional Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Fetuin A and B are hepatokines linked to obesity and metabolic disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of intermittent resistance training combined with Algomed (Chlorella vulgaris) supplementation on plasma levels of fetuin A and B in obese men. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 44 obese men (BMI > 30), aged 23–32 years, randomly assigned to four groups (n = 11 each): control, resistance training, Algomed supplementation, and resistance training + Algomed. The training protocol was performed three times per week for 12 weeks. The supplement groups received 1800 mg/day of Algomed. Plasma levels of fetuin A and B were measured by ELISA before and after the intervention. Baseline differences were assessed using one-way ANOVA. Within-group changes were analyzed using paired t-tests, and between-group comparisons of post-test values were conducted using ANCOVA with initial values as covariates. Bonferroni post hoc tests were applied where appropriate (p < 0.05). Results:  ANCOVA results showed significant differences in post-test levels of both fetuin A and fetuin B between the groups (p < 0.0001). Post hoc analysis indicated that the training + Algomed group had significantly lower fetuin-A levels compared to the control group. Furthermore, fetuin-B levels were significantly reduced in all intervention groups compared to the control, with the greatest reduction observed in the training + Algomed group compared to all other groups (p < 0.0001). Conclusion:  Twelve weeks of intermittent resistance training combined with Algomed supplementation had a synergistic effect in reducing plasma levels of fetuin A and B in obese men. These findings suggest potential metabolic benefits for this combined intervention strategy.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-846-en.pdf Resistance Training Plasma Men Obesity eng ilam university of medical sciences Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 2383-0506 2383-0972 2025-05 12 3 75 82 article Negin Kassiri neginkassiri@gmail.com 1 Leila Khedmati Hampa leyla.hampa2019@gmail.com 2 Siamak Saber drsiamaksaber@gmail.com 3 Sepideh Lamei Haghighat sepideh.lamei@gmail.com 4 Somaye Nejabat Ghamsari somaye.nejabat1992@gmail.com 5 Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bion Medical Genetic Laboratory, Muscat, Oman Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Introduction: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder with multisystem involvement, including cardiovascular and ocular complications, which can impact a patient’s work capacity. While MFS may necessitate certain job restrictions, complete exclusion from professional roles may not be justified. Adjustments and careful planning can enable individuals with MFS to maintain meaningful employment within safe parameters. Case Report: This case examines a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed with MFS, presenting with ocular issues and significant cardiovascular involvement, including aortic insufficiency and a history of valve replacement. Given his condition, ongoing anticoagulant therapy with warfarin is required, alongside annual cardiac assessments. Employment restrictions recommended for this patient include avoiding heavy manual labor, working at heights, operating hazardous tools, confined workspaces, and solitary work environments. Additionally, prescription glasses are mandatory to address his ocular complications, with regular follow-up by an ophthalmologist. Following a sleep study, no limitations were indicated for night shift work, permitting him flexibility in shift scheduling. Conclusion:  This case highlights that while patients with MFS can remain active in professional roles, individualized work modifications are essential. Work-related precautions, especially concerning physically demanding tasks and hazardous environments, should align with the patient’s medical condition and treatment. Personalized occupational health assessments can enhance safety and facilitate work participation for individuals with MFS.   http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-886-en.pdf Marfan Syndrome Occupational Health Occupational Diseases