@article{ author = {KhabbazKababi, Mohammad Hossein and Rezaeian, Najmeh and NegahbanSioki, Hossein and Y'aghoubi, Ali}, title = {Effect of Resistance Training along with Electrical Muscle Stimulation on Serum Levels of Some of the Molecular Markers of Muscle Hypertrophy in Male Athletes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery}, abstract ={Introduction: To the best of our knowledge, no study has been evaluated the effect of a combination of resistance training and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on muscle hypertrophy factors in injured athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EMS on serum levels of some molecular markers of muscle hypertrophy in male athletes after anterior cruciate ligament surgery (ACL). Materials and Methods: Twenty male athletes after ACL surgery were selected and randomly divided into two groups: EMS and control (10 subjects in each group) of. Subjects in both groups performed resistance training (at intensity of 30-70 percentage of 10-repetition maximum, 2-4 sets). Whereas, subjects in EMS group performed resistance training with EMS at frequency of 35-70 Hz. Blood samples were collected before and 48 hours after the last training session to measure serum levels of sirtoin-1 (SIRT1), visfatin and nitric oxide (NO). Results: The finding showed that 12 weeks of EMS significantly increased serum levels of SIRT1 (P < 0.001), visfatin (P = 0.02) and NO (P = 0.01) in post-test compared to the pre-test. The results also revealed that the EMS training significantly increased SIRT1 (P < 0.001) and NO (P = 0.021) levels in comparison with the control group. However, there was no significant difference between two groups in visfatin levels (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that EMS training could possibly be a good alternative to the traditional resistance training to stimulate factors related to muscle protein synthesis.}, Keywords = {Electrical muscle stimulation, Visfatin, Nitric oxide, Anterior cruciate ligament injury}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-549-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-549-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Parastesh, Mohammad and Bayatiani, Mohammadreza and Khaleghi, Mina and SadeghianShahi, Mohammadreza and AyatizadehTafti, Farahnaz and Aria, Behz}, title = {The effect of high-intensity interval training on inflammatory markers in male rats undergoing X-ray radiation}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the famous cancer treatments that are associated with an increment in inflammatory factors is X-ray radiation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training on inflammatory markers in male rats undergoing X-ray radiation. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: healthy control (n=6), HIIT (n=6), X-ray radiation (n=6) and X-ray radiation + HIIT (n=6). first, X-ray radiation and HIIT + X-ray radiation groups were anesthetized with ketamine xylazine solution (K, 60-90 kg/mg; Z, 6-10 kg/mg) and then placed on a 1 cm thick Plexiglas plate. The X-ray radiation photon beam was performed using X-ray with 4 Gy linear accelerators (Elekta Compact 6-MV China). The training program included ten weeks of HIIT. Serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by rat ELISA Kits. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the existence of a significant difference among groups. Results: The results showed a significant difference between TNF-α and IL-6 in the HIIT, X-ray radiation, and HIIT + X-ray radiation groups with the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between these three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: X-ray radiation can increase TNF-α and IL-6. HIIT, on the other hand, can also enhance these factors. It seems better for people undergoing radiotherapy to use another exercise training instead of HIIT. }, Keywords = {X-ray radiation, High-intensity interval training, TNF-α, IL-6}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-18}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-639-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-639-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Sayevand, Zahra and Nazen, Farzad and Nazari, Afshi}, title = {Preconditioning by the exercise and curcumin protects left ventricular myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury and suppresses ventricular arrhythmias in rats}, abstract ={Introduction: The present study examined the effects of a 10-week preconditioning with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation before ischemia-reperfusion (IR) to investigate if this method contributes to the protection of cardiac myocardium against IR-induced injury and left ventricular dysfunction in rat. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to the 5 groups (each with 10 rats), sedentary-control (Sed-CON), sedentary ischemia-reperfusion (Sed-IR), exercise with IR (Ex-IR), curcumin with IR (Cu-IR), and both exercise and curcumin with IR (Ex-Cu-IR). Exercise intervention performed five times a week for 10 weeks. After the training period, arrhythmias and electrocardiogram parameters, factors involved in cardiac structure and function, and infarct size of myocardium were investigated. Results: We observed that a 10-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (15-45 min at 12-24 m/min) five sessions a week as well as curcumin supplementation (50 mg/kg) over the mentioned period, in advance to IR, significantly decreased IR-induced infarct size in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups compared to Sed-IR (P = 0.0001), alleviated arrhythmia by reduction in ventricular ectopic beats episodes in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups compared to Sed-IR (P = 0.001), decreased ventricular tachycardia episods in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups in comparison to that of Sed-IR group (P = 0.001) and improved cardiac function (P = 0.001). Conclusion: According to our findings, exercise has superior cardioprotective effects than curcumin. The combination of curcumin and exercise has no preference on exercise or curcumin alone. Hence both long-term aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation are effective cardioprotectors against IR-induced injury. Introduction: The present study examined the effects of a 10-week preconditioning with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation before ischemia-reperfusion (IR) to investigate if this method contributes to the protection of cardiac myocardium against IR-induced injury and left ventricular dysfunction in rat. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to the 5 groups (each with 10 rats), sedentary-control (Sed-CON), sedentary ischemia-reperfusion (Sed-IR), exercise with IR (Ex-IR), curcumin with IR (Cu-IR), and both exercise and curcumin with IR (Ex-Cu-IR). Exercise intervention performed five times a week for 10 weeks. After the training period, arrhythmias and electrocardiogram parameters, factors involved in cardiac structure and function, and infarct size of myocardium were investigated. Results: We observed that a 10-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (15-45 min at 12-24 m/min) five sessions a week as well as curcumin supplementation (50 mg/kg) over the mentioned period, in advance to IR, significantly decreased IR-induced infarct size in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups compared to Sed-IR (P = 0.0001), alleviated arrhythmia by reduction in ventricular ectopic beats episodes in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups compared to Sed-IR (P = 0.001), decreased ventricular tachycardia episods in Ex-IR, Cu-IR, and Ex-Cu-IR groups in comparison to that of Sed-IR group (P = 0.001) and improved cardiac function (P = 0.001). Conclusion: According to our findings, exercise has superior cardioprotective effects than curcumin. The combination of curcumin and exercise has no preference on exercise or curcumin alone. Hence both long-term aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation are effective cardioprotectors against IR-induced injury.}, Keywords = {Antiarrhythmic herbs, Cardioprotection, Moderate-intensity exercise, Reoxygenation injury, Cardiovascular disease}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-30}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-608-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-608-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Taheri, Ali and Javidi, Hojatollah and Bagholi, Hossein and Firoozabadi, Ali}, title = {The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Cognitive Distortion Strategies in Relation to Attachment Styles and Dissociative Experiences}, abstract ={Introduction: In dissociative experience, the coherent and perfectly coordinated quality of human cognition becomes highly incoherent. This study aims at investigating the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation and cognitive distortion strategies between attachment styles and dissociative experiences among students. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive and used a correlation design. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht. Using convenience sampling, 329 students (187 girls and 142 boys) were selected as the sample of the study. For accomplishing the research, the dissociative experiences (Bernstein and Putnam, 1986), attachment styles (Bartolomio and Horowit, 1991), cognitive distortion (Hammachi and Ozturk, 2004), and emotion regulation (Garnefski, Kraaij, Spinhoven, 2001) questionnaires, were used. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of safe style, isolation avoidance, and fearful style on dissociative experiences was equal to -0.15, 0.17, 0.21 which was significant (P < 0.01). The direct effect of preoccupied style was not significant. The indirect effect of safe and fearful style on dissociative experiences were equal to -0.12 and 0.33 which was significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The indirect effect of avoidance/detachment style and preoccupation style was not significant. The fitness of the model was 0.02, which was at the desired level.   Conclusion: Considering the negative effect of secure style and the positive effect of insecure style on dissociative experiences, the importance of secure style and insecure style should be given more attention in treatment.}, Keywords = {Dissociative experiences, Attachment styles, Cognitive distortion, Emotion regulation}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-39}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-605-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-605-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Yaghoubian, Azadeh and Peeri, Maghsoud and Azarbayjani, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Different intensity circuit resistance training effect on the plasma level of the inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α in postmenopausal women}, abstract ={Introduction: Obesity related inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In contrast, exercise training can decrease insulin resistance by modulating inflammation. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks different intensity circuit resistance training on the levels of the inflammatory mediators, IL-6 and TNF-α in obese postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In the study, 44 postmenopausal women with average age of 56.07 ± 3.18 years old were selected and randomly assigned in four group including the control, low (L-RT), moderate (M-RT) and high intensity circuit resistance training (H-RT) groups. Circuit resistance training for L-RT, M-RT and H-RT groups, respectively, was conducted with 40, 60 and 80 percent of one repetition maximum. Blood sampling prepared in the pre and post-test stages and the plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by an immunoassay method. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups under study for TNF-α levels (P = 0.097), but inter group difference indicated that a significant decrease in the level of TNF-α in H-RT group (P = 0.004). The IL-6 levels showed a significant between-groups difference (P = 0.013) and also a significant decrease in the levels of IL-6 in H-RT group compared to L-RT group were observed (P = 0.049). Moreover, inter group analysis indicated significant decrease in the level of IL-6 only in H-RT group (P = 0.002). Conclusion: It seems that, the highest intensity circuit resistance training is more effective in downregulation of inflammatory mediators, and, in turn, the modulation of inflammation is associated with the decreased insulin resistance.}, Keywords = {Inflammation, Menopause, Obesity, Insulin resistance}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {40-49}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-569-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-569-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Takalooei, Fatemeh and Shahrbanian, Shahnaz and C.Hackney, Anthony}, title = {Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis by Reducing Selected Hepato-adipokines in Response to Three Types of Resistance Training in Men with Obesity}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Decreased physical activity is one of the main causes of the obesity epidemic. In the process of obesity, the secretion of some hepato-adipokines increases and causes metabolic disorders. Exercise plays an important role in improving the complications of obesity by regulating the levels of selected hepato-adipokine. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of three types of resistance training methods on selected hepato-adipokine and lipid profiles in men with obesity. Materials and Methods: The sample of the study included 44 sedentary men with obesity divided into 4 groups of traditional resistance training (TRT), circuit resistance training (CRT), and interval resistance training (IRT) as well as one control group. Fetuin-A, Fetuin-B, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured using the ELISA method. Results: The results of the mixed model ANOVA analysis showed a significant interaction between the type of training used and time at the levels of Fetuin-A (F (1, 40) = 94273.16, P = 0.001, ES = 1.00) and Fetuin-B (F (1, 40) = 49697.67, P = 0.001, ES = 0.99. In addition, within-group comparisons showed that lipid profile improved in TRT and CRT groups compared to the pretest (P = 0.001), while in the IRT group this improvement was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that three models of resistance training reduced the select hepato-adipokines level in comparison to the control group. However, IRT and CRT had the greatest effect on reducing Fetuin-A and Fetuin-B, respectively.}, Keywords = {Exercise, Adipose tissue, Hepato-adipokines, Fetuin-A, Fetuin-B, Metabolic disorder, Homeostasis}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {50-61}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-652-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-652-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Omidi, Mehdi and Abedi, Rahebeh and Sobati, Elham and Sohrabnejad, Ali}, title = {Significant Association of COVID-19 with Ozone and PM2.5: A Case of Tehran, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Air pollution is one of the prime public health concerns influencing infectious diseases. From May 13 to July 29, 2020(77 days), Tehran experienced unhealthy conditions caused by high levels of O3 and PM2.5, whereas other pollutants remained at safe levels. This study, for the first time, sought to investigate the linkage between not only PM pollutants, but also O3 and the number of daily confirmed new cases of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the data on air pollution were obtained from an average of 23 air quality monitoring stations scattered in 20 districts of Tehran municipality during the 77days. Pearson’s correlation and log-linear generalized additive model (GAM) were used to examine the association of the daily numbers of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and levels of O3 and PM2.5. Also, effective degrees of freedom (edf) used to determine the structural relationship between independent and dependent variables. GAM was performed by R software (version 3.5.3) with the “mgcv” package (version 1.8-27). Results: The results show a significant relationship betweenO3, PM2.5, and COVID-19 (P <0.001), while other pollutants such as NO2, PM10, CO, and SO2 remain at healthy levels during the study period. Besides, O3 and PM2.5 with edfs greater than 1 had significant nonlinear effects on the daily number of COVID-19 cases (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, there is a positive nonlinear association between O3, PM2.5, and daily confirmed cases of COVID-19. These findings suggest that O3 and PM2.5 levels should be considered as influential factors that can aggravate coronavirus infection.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, Air pollution, GAM, Tehran}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {62-68}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-611-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-611-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Moradnezhadi, Azizmorad and Pezhhan, Ali and Hejazi, Naser}, title = {Predicting the Aging Trend of Ilam Population and the Necessity for Implementing Health Services for the Elderly Until 2050}, abstract ={Introduction: The process of demographic transition has led to a change in the age of populations. Almost all countries around the globe have passed or are passing through the reproductive phase, which naturally contributes to the rising elderly populations. The present study was conducted to predict future trends of the elderly population in Ilam city. Materials and Methods: The secondary analysis method, population forecasting model, and scenario producing approach were used to assess demographic changes. Data analysis and the prediction of population features were performed using Spectrum and Mortpak software. Results: Among the important findings of this study was that the elderly population is rising in Ilam. Currently, the elderly population comprises 5% of the total population of Ilam, which will increase to more than 20% in 2050. Conclusion: Policy makers and managers should consider implementing social welfare and health care services for the elderly in the future.}, Keywords = {Population change, Futures studies, Ilam, Population projection, Aging}, volume = {9}, Number = {1}, pages = {69-75}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-586-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-586-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2022} }