@article{ author = {Zafarzadeh, Ali and Heshmati, Hashem and Meshkati, Hamideh}, title = {Healthy behaviors among carpet weavers in Golestan Province, Iran}, abstract ={The carpet industry developed various types of respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, eyesight problems,  carpal tunnel syndrome and skin problems. Healthy behavior of carpet weavers is not in a desirable level. We recommended appropriate interventions such as health service, education improvement and advocacy for promoting healthy behaviors of carpet weavers.}, Keywords = {Healthy behaviors, Carpet weavers, Iran }, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-2}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-45-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-45-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mirzaei, Amin and Ghofranipour, Fazlollah and Ghazanfari, Zeinab and AhmadiVasmehjini, Aazam}, title = {The study of primary schoolchildren eating breakfast status in Ilam: A pilot study}, abstract ={Introduction: Breakfast is repeatedly called to as the most important meal of the day and has positive effects on nutritional profile, cognitive activities and disease prevention in schoolchildren. The aim of this study was to assess the eating breakfast status in a sample of primary students of Ilam city. Materials and methods: Participants of this cross-sectional study were 298 schoolchildren grade 4th, 5th and 6th from 8 primary schools of Ilam city. Data were collected by researcher-made self-report brief questionnaire and were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics data editor. Results: The subjects included 148 boys (49.7%) and 150 girls (50.3%) from eight primary schools. The majority of sample (35.9%) educating in 4th grade and 54.0% of sample were living in the inner city areas. The results showed that 32.2% of study schoolchildren skipped breakfast. There was a significant difference between boys and girls breakfast habit, (P<0.018). Also, the results revealed that boys (47.22%) more likely to skip the breakfast than girls (23.07%) in outskirt, (P<0.004). But, there was no significant difference between boys (30.26%) and girls (27.05%) to breakfast skipping in inner city, (P=0.728). Furthermore, lack of appetite and breakfast not ready at home reported as main reasons for not eating breakfast. As with this study results, breakfast eaters usually ate more bread (76.5%), tea (69.8%) and milk (53.7%), But ate less fruits/vegetables (11.1%), fruit juices (13.4%) and breakfast cake (14.4%). Conclusion: With attention to high rate of skipping breakfast in this study sample and also weak quality of breakfast in breakfast eaters, it is needed to conduct the schools health promotion programs to encourage students to eat healthy breakfast.}, Keywords = {Breakfast Consumption, Primary Schoolchildren, Ilam}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {3-9}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-164-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Bakhsha, Fozieh and Yousefi, Zahra and Aryaie, Mohammad and Jafari, Sayyad Yaghoub and TofighiRad, Abdorrahman and Abbasi, Ali}, title = {Comparison of Apgar score in new born by vaginal delivery and spinal anesthesia and its relationship with contributing factors}, abstract ={Introduction: Apgar score evaluation is a common method to evaluate physiological changes of newborns and can help to predict the neonatal life chance. This study was conducted to determine the Apgar score of newborns with two methods of vaginal delivery and spinal anesthesia and its relationship with the associated factors in Gorgan health care facility. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was design to conduct the research. Totally 215 cases were selected, including all records of patients during 2010 and Apgar score was checked in the first and fifth minutes. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: Results showed that 92.5 and 94 percent of neonatal Apgar scores in the first and fifth minutes were more than seven, respectively. There were no significant statistical differences between Apgar scores of the first and fifth minutes in two methods of vaginal delivery and cesarean section under spinal anesthesia technique (P>0.05). However, premature newborns, those with low birth weight and maternal preeclampsia had lower Apgar scores, and their statistical differences were significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate the effect of factors such as prematurity, low birth weight, maternal preeclampsia on low Apgar score at birth of the babys. It is important that problems affecting the baby's health care measures must be considered by the planners of the health of mother and child.}, Keywords = {Apgar, Spinal anesthesia, Vaginal delivery, Cesarean, Newborn}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-15}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-86-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-86-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Aabasian, Laila and Shirbazou, Shahnaz and Shamsi, Morteza and Damghani, Sara and Delpisheh, Ali}, title = {Hormonal changes in women with breast cancer infected with Toxoplasma gondii}, abstract ={Introduction: Acute Toxoplasmosis is more critical in immunocompromised patients with cancer. The present study was conducted to investigate the anti-Toxoplasma gondi antibodies and assess the toxoplasmosis risk in women with breast masses in western of Iran in 2012. This research was done as a case-control study on women who referred to the treatment centers in cities of Kermanshah and Ilam in 2011. Materials and methods: 60 women with breast cancer were selected as cases, and also 60 healthy ones as the control group. They were evaluated in terms of IgG, IgM, estrogen and progesterone levels using immunoassay method. Women in this study were in the secretory phase and were under the age of menopause. Results were analyzed using SPSS software 16 with independent T test. Results: Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and breast cancer was statistically significant (P<0.01). There was a significant relationship between anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody and breast cancer (P=0.01). Women with breast cancer and healthy women were not reported positive in terms of IgM anti-Toxoplasma. Significant relationship was detected between estrogen and Toxoplasma in women with breast cancer (P<0.01). There was no significant relationship between the level of progesterone and anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. A total of 30 patients (50%) from the women under study had the tumor marker CEA 19-9 (Carcino embryonic antigen). Conclusion: Patients with breast tumors may be at risk of opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis. Therefore, periodic examination of breast cancer patients should be conducted by clinicians to prevent the potential occurrence of toxoplasmosis.}, Keywords = {Hormones changes, Toxoplasma gondii, Breast cancer}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {16-21}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Khedri, Parichehr and Saatchi, Mohamad and Garosi, Behnaz and Direkvand-Moghadam, Ashraf and Delpisheh, Ali and Direkvand-Moghadam, Azadeh}, title = {Comparison of the first trimester ultrasound and Parikh’s formula in determining the expected date of delivery: A prospective study}, abstract ={Introduction: The Parikh’s formula is a calculation method that considers menstrual cycle duration in women who have an unusual interval of menstruation cycle. Since the accurate estimation of gestational age affects pregnancy outcomes, the present study aimed to compare the first trimester ultrasound and Parikh’s formula in determining the Expected Date of Delivery (EDD). Materials and methods: A prospective study was done among pregnant women referred to health centers of Borujerd, Iran, in 2014. All pregnant women with menstrual cycle less than 22 days and more than 35 days were included in the study and follow up to delivery time. Women with situations impacting the fetus development were excluded from the study. First trimester ultrasound was done at 7-13 week of last menstrual period and measured the Gestational Sac (GS) and Crown Rump Length (CRL). The gestational age was calculated by Parikh's formula. The association between the variables under study and gestational age were tested using chi-square test. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the variables Results: Overall, 300 women participated in the study. The gestational age calculated by the methods of the study, namely, the first trimester ultrasound and Parikh’s formula had no statistically significant difference (271.8 ± 0.99 and 275.2 ± 1.2 days in the first trimester ultrasound and Parikh's formula, respectively) (P=0. 625). The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between the GS (r = 0.645) and CRL (r = 0.768) measured by the first trimester ultrasound and gestational age calculated by the Parikh's formula. Conclusion: The Parikh’s formula is recommended to use the calculation of the EDD in women who have an unusual interval of menstruation cycle and no access to ultrasound in the first trimester.}, Keywords = {Crown rump length, Gestational age, Gestational Sac, EDD }, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-25}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-152-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-152-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hemati, Saeed and Sadeghifard, Nourkhoda and Ghafurian, Sobhan and Maleki, Farajolah and Mahdavi, Zahra and Hassanvand, Azar and Valadbeigi, Hassan and Hemati, Samir and Hatami, Vahi}, title = {The association of biofilm formation and sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents}, abstract ={Introduction: Although bacteria producing biofilm are more resistance to antimicrobial agents, biofilm formation can stimulated by sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of some antimicrobial agents. Therefore, we designed present study to investigate the  in vitro efficacy of several antibiotics (including ceftazidime, piperacillin, ticarcillin, carbenicillin, aztreonam, meropenem, gentamicin, amikacin and ciprofloxacin) and biocides (including savlon, benzalkonium chloride and chlorohexidin) on biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolates. Materials and methods: A total of 10 uropathogenic P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from Mostafa Khomaini Hospital in Ilam. The isolates were evaluated for MIC, biofilm formation ability and finally the effect of different concentration of antimicrobial agents on the biofilm formation. Results: Our finding demonstrated that all antimicrobial agents except gentamicin, aztreonam, and savlon were able to induce biofilm formation at sub-MICs. Moreover, savlon was the best agents for encountering biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Some antimicrobial agents are able to induce biofilm formation at sub-MICs. Biofilm formation inducement depended on antimicrobial agents, strains, and matrix composition.}, Keywords = {Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Biofilm, Biofilm formation inducement}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-30}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {ShiriHaris, Reza and Rostami, Bahram and Mohsenzade, Mohsen and Falahati, Negar and HafeziAhmadi, Mohamad Reza and Anvari, Enayat}, title = {Prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia in girls studying in high schools of Ilam city}, abstract ={Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world and almost a third of the world's population is involved with IDA. It even in mild type, could lead to serious disorders such as impairment of learning and mental focus. Reduction of iron resources results in an imbalance in the physiological function. With regard to the role of iron in myelination of neurons and the effect on nerve conduction velocity, iron deficiency could lead to changes in sensory and behaviors responses. Given the importance of anemia and IDA in girls' high schools of Ilam City, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and IDA. Methods: High school girls aged 16-18 years (n=210) were selected by random sampling design. Iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was measured. Complete blood cells count and serum ferritin concentration also was assessed. Anemia and IDA was tested as different methods. Iron depletion (Id) and Iron deficiency (ID) was tested too. Results: According on the analysis of hematological and iron indices, subjects were affected to anemia (3.4 to 70.9%) and iron deficiency. Severity distribution of anemia was categorized as form of mild (28.5%), moderate (1.4%) and sever (0%). Iron depletion and Iron deficiency was found for 45.2 and 4.3% of study participants respectively. The correlation of hemoglobin (Hb) with ferritin (r=0.1, p= 0.15) and TIBC (r=-0.05, p= 0.4) was not significant. Independent relationship of hemoglobin concentration with MCV, serum ferritin and TIBC were significant. Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of anemia is high in student's girls from Ilam, Iran. Due to the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in high school students, it is necessary that be given them proper nutrition program. In the long-term awareness of women's nutrition should be considered and should be taken to reform of their bad habits. Enrichment of food products with iron compounds should be considered as a national program. It should be checked also the role of economic status and parasitic diseases of participants in ID and IDA.}, Keywords = {Anemia, Iron deficiency anemia, High schools girls}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-38}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Saki, Behzad and Ebrahim, Khosro and AbedyYekta, Amir Hossei}, title = {The effect of rehabilitation training on TRF1 and TRF2 in myocardial infarction patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Telomeres are repetitive sequences of TTAGGG section that find at two ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and they shield chromosome ends. Telomere shortening in patients with myocardial infarction has been reported. Shelterin complex's role is essential in telomere length regulation. Telomeric repeat binding factors 1 and 2 (TRF1 and TRF2) are the most important sheltrein complex proteins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of rehabilitation training on TRF1 and TRF2 in myocardial infarction patients. Materials and methods: In this Quasi-experimental pre-post intervention study, twenty male patients selected and randomly assigned to training (n=10) or control (n=10) groups. Rehabilitation training was eight weeks of concurrent training, 3 time per week. For TRF1 and TRF2 assessment, blood samples was taken half hour before first training session and 24 hours after the last training session. t-test was used for data analyses. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: The findings of the present study revealed that concurrent training increases TRF1 and TRF2 protein levels significantly (P=0.005 and P=0.006, respectively). Conclusion: It seems that rehabilitation training improves shelterin complex and enhances protection of the telomere and as a result, induces better repair of infarcted area. Therefore, rehabilitation training could be suggested to myocardial infarction patients as a non-pharmacological treatment.}, Keywords = {Rehabilitation training, TRF1, TRF2, Myocardial infarction, Telomere}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-44}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-211-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-211-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shohani, Masoumeh and Rasouli, Mahboobeh and Shohani, Fatemeh and Sayehmiri, Kourosh}, title = {The vasomotor symptoms and skin changes in natural menopause among Iranian women}, abstract ={Introduction: Menopause is the most important event in middle-age. Women, in this period, face several changes. Vasomotor symptoms and skin changes are prevalent in the middle-age. This study, mainly, was performed identifying the vasomotor symptoms and skin changes in menopausal women. Materials and methods: Study sample was consisted of 150 women who have visited the healthcare centers, experienced natural menopause as discontinuity of menstrual at least for 12-monthes. They have been selected randomly. Survey instruments were structured questionnaire, informational records, symptoms and signs checklist, centi-meter and balance and the data collecting method was through interview, observation, and examination. The data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: According to study results, skin warming and hotness (55.3%), hands and legs nipping (63.3%), hirsutism of pinion lip (27.3%), reduction of armpit hair (38%), acne (12%), Skin extenuation and wrinkling (51.3%) were reported. The most important point of the study is the significant relationship between amount of tea consumption and flushing severity (P=0.008, OR=3.18). Also, there was a significant relation between education and menopause duration, sleep disorders and severity of flushing, menopause duration and skin collagen reduction (P<0.05). Conclusion: Skin and vasomotor changes is prevalent in these women. Flushing severity influenced by tea consumption, such that drinking more tea will decrease the flushing, is the start point of more researches in this field.}, Keywords = {Signs and Symptoms, Skin, Menopausal women, Vasomotor system}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.1}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-153-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-153-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Boustani, Hassan and Ayatollahi, Hossein and Rahimi, Hossein and Boroumand-Noughabi, Samaneh and Gharib, Masoumeh and Alidadi, Mohammad and Shajiei, Arezoo and Sadeghian, Mohammad Hadi}, title = {Expression of BCL2L12 in acute leukemia patients: Potential association with clinical and prognostic factors}, abstract ={Introduction: Apoptosis is an important mechanism in both physiological and pathological conditions. The BCL2 family of proteins plays a critical role in regulation of apoptotic cell death. Up and down regulation of BCL2-like 12 (BCL2L12), a new member of the BCL2 family, has been reported in several malignancies. However, the expression level of BCL2L12 rarely has been studied in leukemia. This study was designed to investigate the mRNA expression of BCL2L12 in patients with acute leukemia. Materials and methods: 90 patients with acute leukemia as case group and 90 healthy persons as controls, were participated this study. RNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. Expression level of BCL2L12 mRNA was evaluated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method and its association with clinical and laboratory findings was analyzed. Results: The expression of BCL2L12 mRNA was significantly lower in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases comparing the controls (P<0.001), while it was not significantly different in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples compared the control group. In addition, there were higher BCL2L12 level in females (than in males) and in patients with t(1221) in ALL patients. There was no association between BCL2L12 expression level and other clinical and laboratory findings of AML patients. Conclusion: BCL2L12 seems play a role in the pathogenesis of ALL.  Further studies with larger sample size is needed to clarify its probable impact on prognosis and therapeutic response.}, Keywords = {Acute myeloid leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), BCL2L12, Apoptosis}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {11-19}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.11}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-189-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {MousaviMoghadam, Seyed Rahmatollah and Malekian, Somayeh and Karamshahi, Maryam}, title = {Investigating the relationship between personality characteristics, self-control, and general health among the students of public and clinical psychology in Islamic Azad University of Ilam}, abstract ={Introduction: Mental health is a branch of science focused on promoting welfare, social welfare, and life health which is related to all periods (from birth to death) and aspects of life (family environment, school, university, appointment, and society). Personality is a collection of mental characteristics that consistently exists within individuals and influences their behaviors and thoughts. Self-control as one of the unique personality characteristics varies from one person to another. Materials and methods: The present study is a correlational descriptive study. The target population of this research includes all graduate students of public and clinical psychology studying in Islamic Azad University of Ilam during academic year of 93-94. According to statistics there were approximately 536 students in this field. Out of this number 224 students were selected through simple random sampling. Measurement instruments included: Tangney and Baumeister (2004) Self-Control Scale, NEO Five-Factor Inventory, and Goldberg General Health Questionnaire. For the analysis of findings of this study Kalmogorov–Smiranov test, correlation, and regression analysis were run through statistical software of SPSS. Results: Results of this research showed that personal characteristics and self-control predicted 86% of variance that is, significantly predicted the level of mental health among students. Results of correlation revealed significant relationship between self-control and mental health. In addition, there were significant relation between personality traits and self-control. In other words,   it can be said that personality characteristics have a substantial role in predicting mental health and there is also significant relationship between the variables under study. Conclusion: It can be said that self-control is one of the most important personality characteristics that influences individuals’ mental health.}, Keywords = {Personality characteristics, Self-control, General health}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-25}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.20}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-117-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {khalili, Zahra and Taghadosi, Mohsen and Gilasi, Hamidreza and Sadrollahi, Ali}, title = {The prevalence of elder abuse and associated factors among the elderly in Kashan city, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Elder abuse is among the major social health problems in today`s communities, and has significant effect on decreasing the health and security level in this group. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of abuse among the elderly in Kashan, Iran. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 500 people over 60 years old in Kashan, Iran in 2014. Subjects were randomly selected from 10 healthcare centers of Kashan. Data were collected using elder abuse questionnaire. Cronbach alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was determined as 0.975. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 13. Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. The statistically significant level was P<0.05. Results: Results of the current study showed that 80% of subjects have experienced at least one type of abuse during the last year. The highest rate of abuse was in the form of financial abuse (45.6%), and the lowest was in ostracizing (16.6%). There was a statistical significant relationship between the elder abuse and variables such as sex, age, number of children, marital status, living arrangement, residential situation, home properties, monthly income, insurance situation, illness history, walking ability and using mobility aids. Logistic regression analysis also showed significant relationship between the elder abuse and unemployment, living in an apartment, and the age range 71-80 years. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of abuse among the elderly, clarification of this phenomenon is considered as one of the main priorities, which can be achieved only through multidisciplinary approach in the community, and needs cooperation and collaboration of all community members.}, Keywords = {Prevalence, Elder, Abuse}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {26-34}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.26}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-64-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Moradipour, Ayat and Khosravi, Afra and Mehrabi, Mohamadreza and Faryadian, Sar}, title = {Correlation of 16s rRNA with serum levels of the cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, in subjects with a positive Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen test (HPSA)}, abstract ={Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), is a bacterium responsible for upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. The 16s rRNA is a common H. pylori gene which are usually preferred for diagnosis purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and abundance of 16s rRNA in fecal samples and also evaluate correlation between the level of 16s rRNA and activities of the cytokines, TNF-&alpha and IL-1&beta, in serum. Materials and methods: The present study was performed on 84 subjects with digestion problems. Fecal and blood samples were collected and 16s rRNA gene was assayed using PCR. The serum levels of TNF-&alpha and IL-1&beta levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The results of the study revealed that there was a positive correlation between the 16s rRNA gene, H. pylori stool antigen (HPSA) and TNF-&alpha cytokine. The study also noted that with every unit of increase in either of the quantified parameters of HPSA and IL-1&beta, the presence of 16s rRNA in fecal samples, showed a 2.98 and 1.01 times rise, respectively. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that activities of cytokine TNF-a correlated well with the presence of HPSA and 16srRNA gene in the stomach’s lining. Increase in the activities of HPSA and TNF-a cytokine could be associated with the presence of 16s rRNA in feces.}, Keywords = { Helicobacter pylori, 16s rRNA, TNF-α, IL- 1β, HPSA}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {35-40}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.35}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-190-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Sayehmiri, Kourosh and Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza and Ranaei, Elahe}, title = {Investigating the prevalence of congenital anomalies and its associated factors in Ilam city}, abstract ={Introduction: Congenital anomalies are a common cause of disability and mortality in newborns and their treatments involves high costs for the society. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of congenital anomalies and their causes. Materials and methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study and the population included all the newborns in hospitals of the city of Ilam in 2011. Variables of abnormality type, birth status, and medical and genetic illness histories were included into the data collection forms. Data was analyzed through Chi-square tests and Fisher;#39s exact test using SPSS software. Results: Of 460 neonates, 5.4 percent (25 cases) had died at birth and 3.7 percent (16 infants) were born with a birth defect. 43.8 percent of malformed babies had a family history. 31.3 % of the malformed babies had genetic syndromes, whose parents had consanguineous marriage. 18.8% of babies with defects in the central nervous system and cardiovascular system showed a similar percentage of disorder. The defect in the urinary system, head and neck each accounted for 12.5 percent. Conclusion: This study shows that consanguineous marriages can be the most common genetic cause of genetic syndromes.}, Keywords = {Congenital malformations, Genetic syndromes, Consanguineous Marriages}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {41-45}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.41}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-106-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-106-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mokhtari, Fariba and Sharifinia, Narges and Mokhtari, Zahra and Qorbani, Mostafa and Shafieyan, Hadad and astgariMehr, Babak R and Mirzai, Amin and Shafieyan, Zahra and Mansourian, Mortez}, title = {Effect of educational intervention on practice improvement of employees in healthcare centers and meat distribution centers of Ilam province about Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever}, abstract ={Introduction: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a Zoonosis disease. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of educational intervention on practice improvement of employees in healthcare centers and meat distribution centers of Ilam province in relation to Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever. Materials and methods: Participants in present quasi-experimental study were 200 employees of healthcare centers and 75 workers of meat distribution centers that were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected at baseline and 6-weeks after intervention using two 38-item and 50-item questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software. P<0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: Before the educational intervention, 20.6% of the healthcare centers employees had poor knowledge, 61.8% and 17.6% had average and good knowledge, respectively. After educational intervention, these percentages were 2%, 22.1% and 76% in that order. The workers’ knowledge level in centers of meat processing-distribution before training was 64% poor, 34.7% average, and 1.3% good but after education, the knowledge levels reached to 5.3%, 45.3% and 49.3% respectively (P<0.05). Moreover, Attitude of employees in healthcare centers and meat distribution centers significantly increased after intervention (P<0.05). But, there were not significant changes in performance of two groups before and after educational intervention Conclusion: The results of present study showed the effect of educational intervention on improvement the knowledge, attitude of employees in healthcare and meat distribution centers. So, implementation of an educational program for employees at a wider scale could promote their health.}, Keywords = {CCHF, Behavior, Health care employees, Intervention}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {46-52}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.46}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-151-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-151-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Yarmohammadi, Afshin and Keshavarzi, Fatemeh and Farhadian, Mokhtar}, title = {A survey of patients with mental retardation of unknown origin}, abstract ={Introduction: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is one of the most prevalent genetic causes of developmental disability, representing the most frequent form of inherited severe cognitive deficit. The present study was undertaken to investigate FXS and its prevalence in moderate mentally retarded people in patients. Materials and methods: Nineteen people with moderate mental retardation (MR) who were clinically suspicious to have FXS were screened for FXS by using cytogenetic and molecular methods. Blood samples were collected and cultured in specific culture media. G-Banding method was used for karyotyping. To ensure correct results of cytogenetic testing, four suspected case of FXS were tested by PCR. Results were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Four patients (4%) were found to express fragile X site at q27.3. The results showed that the relationship of FXS with familial, economic status was not significant, but the relationship of FXS with MR and family history was significant. Conclusion: The frequency of FXS positive cases found in this study is similar to other reports of FXS in preselected patients.}, Keywords = {MR, FXS, FMR1, Cytogenetic}, volume = {3}, Number = {2}, pages = {53-57}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.2.53}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rostamzad, Arman and Rostamneia, Nabi and Pourahmad, Fazel and Shamsi, Mortez}, title = {Determination of vancomycin and methicillin resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals of Ilam city}, abstract ={Introduction: In this study, using the phenotypic and genotypic methods, oxacillin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains isolated from patients at two government hospitals in Ilam, Iran was tested. Materials and methods: Out of 200 S. aureus isolates from different human clinical specimens consisting of blood (31%), wound (20%), urine (21%), catheters (7%), sputum (12%), others (9%) were collected. The methicillin resistant S. aureus isolates were investigated using disk diffusion methods and oxacillin (1&mu;g) and cefoxitin (30&mu;g), on Mueller-Hinton agar were used, and MecA and vanA genes were detected by PCR. In addition, the isolates were tested for their antibiogram profiles. Results: Among 200 S. aureus strains included in this study, 35.96% were MRSA. The percentage of resistance by disk diffusion method was as below: penicillin 85.96%, vancomycin 0%, ampicillin 87.71%, gentamicin 48.25% erythromycin 54.25%, clindamycin 32.45%, amikacin 21.05%, ciprofloxacin 42.10%, tetracycline 51.75% and co-trimoxazole 42.10%. Phenotyping method by disk diffusion method using oxacillin and cefoxitin for detecting of MRSA showed sensitivity and specificity of about 33.33% and 35.96%, respectively. Presence of MecA and vanA genes in MRSA isolates by PCR were 35.96% and 0%, respectively. The oxacillin and cefoxitin disk diffusion methods showed 92.68% and 100% sensitivity, respectively, and 98.8% specificity. Conclusion: Our finding showed that, the cefoxitin disk diffusion method is better in compared to the oxacillin disk diffusion similar to results from detecting of MecA gene in PCR as a golden test.}, Keywords = {Staphylococcus aureus, MecA, Methicillin, Vancomycin}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.1}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-207-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-207-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, Seyyed Hossei}, title = {Assessment and modeling of chlorine release in urban region: A case study in water supply of Eyvan city, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Today, with development of various industries, the adverse events originated from explosion and emission of toxic and chemical substances have increased. These events may cause serious environmental problems that threaten human health and safety. Therefore, knowledge about the risk of toxic substances from industrial facilities is essential. Although, chlorine is extensively utilized in water treatment as a disinfectant and some chemical processes as an oxidizing agent, it can lead to some concerns in environmental issues. Materials and methods: In this study, distribution of chlorine in the water supply of Eyvan city from Ilam province, Iran, and its surrounding areas is evaluated and high-risk regions are defined by Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST) specialized software. Results: The modeling results showed that the cloud of chlorine is about 1220 m across just downwind of the release for the first scenario (rupture of a chlorine vessel) in the summer; however, the probability of fatality is 100 % in a whole year in a distance of 40 m from the vessel. For the second scenario (rupture of pipeline including the chlorine gas) the human death mostly occurs in a distance of 25 m from the pipeline with the probability of 2.8 % in the summer due to low rate of released gas. Conclusion: As an important result, the land around the chlorination unit covering a distance of approximately 1220 m is vulnerable and risk prevention in that region should be accounted for.}, Keywords = {Consequence assessment, Chlorine release, Modeling, PHAST}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {7-14}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.7}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Piri, Fatemeh and khosravi, Afra and Derakhshan, Siamak and Sayehmiri, Kourosh and Moayeri, Ardeshir}, title = {Evaluating the effect of exercise and nutrition on bone density in rats}, abstract ={Introduction: The aim of this research was to study the effect of a 6-week supplemented diet on increasing bone density by measuring calcium, phosphorus and bone mineral density (BMD) in male rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 24 Wistar male rats, aged between 15 and 20 days, were selected. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: immune system supplement (ISS), ISS plus exercise and control. Daily swimming was performed by time-increasing (starting from ten minutes and ten minutes was added each day and was fixed at sixty minutes). Supplements strengthening the immune system containing calcium and phosphorus were given to rats (5g/kg/day). After six weeks, BMD was measured using bone densitometer. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine and blood samples were gathered in order to separate their serum. The serum samples were used to measure calcium, phosphorus by the ELISA method. Results: The results showed that in both groups (ISS plus exercise and ISS), BMD was higher than the control group. The highest level of calcium, phosphorus and BMD was seen in the group whose members were ISS plus exercise group. In contrast, the least amount of the mentioned markers was reported in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate a small but positive effect of ISS on whole body BMD in male rat; also results indicate the combination of exercise and proper nutrition was more effective on increasing the bone density in comparison with the proper nutrition sedentary group.}, Keywords = {Calcium, BMD, Phosphorus, Exercise}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {15-20}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.15}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-154-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-154-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nourmoradi, Heshmatollah and Mirbagheri, Seyed Ahmad and Moradnejadi, Kambiz and Kazembeigi, Faroogh and Shamsizad, Mashallah}, title = {Determination of corrosion and scaling levels of drinking water in distribution system: A study in Sarableh city (Ilam), western of Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Corrosion and scaling of water in distribution systems in spite of imposing economic and aesthetic problems can lead to adverse effects on consumers;#39 health. The present study was conducted to evaluate the corrosion and scaling of water distribution system of Sarableh city (Ilam, Iran) during summer and winter seasons in 2014. Materials and methods: Totally, 60 samples of water (30 samples in each season) in 30 points of the distribution system were analyzed in terms of temperature, calcium hardness, alkalinity, TDS (total dissolved solids), pH, and DO (dissolved oxygen). Then, the corrosion and scaling of water were determined by various indices. Results: The results of the indices showed that the quality of drinking water in Sarableh city water distribution system had a medium corrosion rate. Conclusion: According to the results, it is needed to take some measures for stabilizing water before entering drinking water into the distribution system in order to prevent various health problems for consumers.}, Keywords = {Water Distribution System, Corrosion, Scaling, Sarableh }, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {21-27}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.21}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-221-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-221-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dindarloo, Kavoos and Jamali, Hamzaha Ali and Lakbala, Parvin and Valizade, Hakimeh and Azad, Mohsen and Mahmodi, Hami}, title = {Determination of fluoride concentration in drinking water and its relation with DMFT: A case study in Hormozgan, Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Over twenty developed and developing countries have regions with endemic floursis, on the other hand tooth decay as an infectious disease in human societies is reported to occur due to the shortage of fluoride in water. Since decayed, missing, and filled teeth DMFT is considered a 52 -character indicator in health equity, the present research aims at studying the relationship between the concentration of fluoride and other variables such as location, parents’ employments, visiting dentist, tooth brushing, and using mouth washes with DMFT index in Haji Abad, Hormozgan. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. Where the population included 12-14 year old students from Haji Abad, Iran. The sample size of 336 subjects obtained using the calculation method of descriptive samples in the finite population situation and considering the coefficient interval of 95%.They were measured using SPADNS method The samples were conducted in triplicates and the average values were considered.Then the measured samples were coded using SPSS16 software and finally the coefficient correlation test as well as regression analysis was carried out. Results: DMFT index was the average of 1.4±0.53 and the concentration of fluoride was the average of 0.82±0.29 In the present study, the coefficient value between fluoride concentration and DMFT was equal to 0.929 (Pierson correlation coefficient P<0.001).The study showed that the variables such as location, parents’ employments, visiting dentist, tooth brushing, and using mouth washes has a significant relation with DMFT index. Conclusion: The study showed that there was a direct relationship between concentration of Fluoride and DMFT; meaning that with the increase of fluoride DMFT increases. It occurs due to underlying variables such as location, parents’ employments, visiting dentist, tooth brushing, and using mouth washes which have a significant relation with DMFT and caused the water role faded in this region.}, Keywords = {Fluoride, Water treatment, Haji Abad, Hormozgan province, DMFT index}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {28-36}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.28}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-138-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-138-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Azarnoosh, Maryam and Amiri, Mohammad and Riahi, Leila and Khosravi, Ahmad and Naderi, Shim}, title = {Health promoting hospitals: A case study in Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Hospitals are the best ground for providing health promotion and prevention services besides health care services. This study aimed to determine the impact of establishing standards of health promoting hospitals on hospitals;#39 indicators in one of the public hospitals of Iran. Materials and methods: This research was a case-control study that included Fatemieh (case group) and Khatam-Al-Anbia (control group) hospitals. The standards of health promoting hospitals were established as independent variables in the case hospital. The collected data were related to the indicators of neonatal mortality, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), patient satisfaction and patient education in both hospitals in the second half of 1391(2012-2013) and the first half of 1392(2013). Then, SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data through Chi-Square and t tests and the results were displayed as comparing tables. Results: With regard to establishing standards of health promoting hospitals in the case hospital the total score of these standards was 72.26±4.1. The results indicated that establishing health promoting standards did not affect the neonatal mortality rate while it significantly affected success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, patient satisfaction and the mean scores of patient education (P=0.001). Conclusion: Preliminary results after establishing standards of health promoting hospitals represented positive effects in the case hospital and these standards led to improvement of some indicators.}, Keywords = {Health promotion, Health promoting hospital, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Patient satisfaction}, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.37}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {LoueiMonfared, Ali and Nooraii, Aaref and Shamsi, Mortez}, title = {Histological and biochemical studies of mice kidney after exposure to mobile phone radiation}, abstract ={Introduction: There are general concerns about the hazardous impacts of the cell phones radiation on the human health. In this study, the structural and biochemical changes of the mice kidney were assessed after cell phone exposure in. Materials and methods: A total of 40 Balb/C mice were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group exposed to cell phone devices with a carrier frequency of 915 MHz, for 4 h a day during 60 consecutive days. After mobile phone exposure, the blood samples and also the renal tissues were taken out for histological and biochemical examinations. Results: The histological results revealed no light microscopic changes in the kidneys between two groups. Necrosis of the renal tubules epithelium was seen in some of the the sections belonging to the both control and experimental groups. Also, in the mice exposed to cell phone fields, the serum levels of creatinine, urea, chloride and total protein were not significantly altered. Although the serum levels of sodium and bicarbonate showed a significant increase, but the activity of alkaline phosphatase revealed no significant changes in comparison with control group. In addition, there are no morphometric, ultra-structural or light microscopic changes in the kidneys between two groups. In the treated animals; the mitochondria were often deformed in the shape and the cytoplasm of the renal tubules was folded in an abnormal manner. Conclusion: Based on the study, it could conclude that there is no toxic effect on the mice kidneys after exposure to cell phone radiation.}, Keywords = {Histology, Electromagnetic fields, Ultrastructure, Mice }, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {45-51}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.45}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-216-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-216-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rostamzad, Arman and Fatahi, Khadijeh and Nemati, Mostaf}, title = {The evaluation of phenotyping and molecular resistance to antibiotics in Proteus species isolated from urinary tract infections in Ilam city}, abstract ={Introduction: Resistance of pathogenic organisms to countenance antibiotics has become a worldwide problem with serious consequences on the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance and also the detection of transferred antibiotic resistance by plasmid in clinical Proteus isolates. Materials and methods: A total of 250 urine samples were collected from patient suffered from urinary tract infection (UTI), and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey;#39s agar. Positive cultures were diagnosed by routine microbiological and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated by agar dilution method, and also antibiotic resistance mediated by plasmid was determined using transformation of plasmids to plasmid free Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as competent cell. Results: Among 200 samples, 120 samples (60%) were collected from female and 80 samples (40%) were isolated from males. Out of 25 species (12.5%) were diagnosed as Proteus. Al isolates were resistant to ampicillin (maximum frequency), only 16% of isolates were resistance to amikacin (minimum resistance). Totally, 66.66% of Proteus isolates harbored plasmids. All plasmid containing P. mirabilis isolates were able to transferred resistance to amoxicillin, ampicillin, while rate of resistance to other antibiotics were as amikacin (88%), gentamycin (72%), tetracycline (50%), tobramycin (48%), ceftazidime, cefotaxime (32%) and ciprofloxacin (22%). Conclusion: Widespread use of antibiotics cause to spread or emerge antibiotic resistances among bacteria by R–plasmids transfer.}, Keywords = {Proteus, Urinary tract infections, Antibiotic resistance, Plasmid transformation }, volume = {3}, Number = {3}, pages = {52-57}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.3.52}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-239-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Akhlaghi, Mahmoo}, title = {Anisocoria under general anesthesia with Propofol}, abstract ={Anisocoria during anesthesia is very rare, but may indicate life-threatening neurologic injuries and create tremendous condition. A 23-year-old male patient was anesthetized with fentanyl and propofol. Thirty minutes after inducing anesthesia, unilateral mydriasis was detected. The duration of surgery was shortened for prompt evaluation of the pupils. At the end of the operation neither vision problem nor obvious anisocoria was detected in the recovery room. Ophthalmological and neurological consultations revealed no pathological finding and the patient was discharged. Evaluation of the size of the patient;#39s pupils before operation would mitigate the fearful condition resulted from anisocoria.}, Keywords = {Anisocoria, General anesthesia, Propofol}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-3}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.1}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Bakhsha, Fozieh and Yousefi, Zahra and Aryaee, Mohammad and Jafari, Seyyed Yaquob and Derakhshanpoor, Firoozeh}, title = {Comparison effect of Lavender and Citrus aurantium aroma on anxiety in female students at Golestan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: Test anxiety is a common phenomenon and the problematic concern of the educational system. Scented essentials like lavender (angustifolia) oil and Citrus aurantium (orange flower) oil have positive impact on people;#39s physical and mental condition and anxiety. This study was designed to compare and evaluate the effects of lavender essential oil aroma and Citrus aurantium essential oil aroma on test anxiety. Materials and methods: This double-blind clinical trial study was carried out on 80 female students from the Faculty of Paramedics Sciences, Gorgan city in 2013. Students were randomly and equally assigned to the two lavender or Citrus aurantium groups. All students smelled oil for a period of 60 seconds. To stay scents, some oil was rubbed on the candidates foreheads using an applicator. To evaluate the level of anxiety and stress before the intervention, Sarason Anxiety Test, and to measure the effect of essence after intervention, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and the independent and paired T-tests. Results: The mean anxiety in students in lavender group dropped from (5.67±2.05) to (3.9± 1.82) and in Citrus aurantium group decreased from (5.25±2.06) to (3.97±2). This difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). The intervention had a significant effect on heart rate; however, had no effect on the blood pressure. Conclusion: According to the results, lavender and citrus aurantium scents had positive effects on students;#39 test anxiety and can be used as a cheap and good psychological care in treatment support systems to control and reduce anxiety with least side effects.}, Keywords = {Lavender, Anxiety, Citrus aurantium}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {4-11}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.4}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-93-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-93-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Azizi, Monireh and Bakhtiari, Mehrdad and FarahmandGhavi, Farhid and Zandi, Mojgan and Imani, Mohammad and Joghataei, Mohammad Taghi}, title = {Purity determining of cultured OECs from olfactory mucosa of rats\' pups}, abstract ={Introduction: Cell transplantation is one of the main strategies for spinal cord injury repair. As OECs of the olfactory mucosa can be obtained by simple biopsy in all individuals without affecting their smell sensation, OECs considered as a promising candidate for autologous transplantation in the nervous system injury, especially for spinal cord repair. Thereby in the current study OECs were cultured from olfactory mucosa of 7 days old rats' pups and their purity was examined by flow-cytometry after simultaneous double staining for p75 and GFAP markers. Materials and methods: 7 days old Wistar rats' pups were deeply anesthetized by ketamine / xylazine (60/6mg/Kg). Then the nasal cavity was opened sagittally and the olfactory mucosa was separated from posterior part of nasal septum and at last OECs were obtained from lamina properia of olfactory mucosa and were cultured. The cultured cells were simultaneously immunolabeled for p75 and GFAP markers and finally purity of cultured cells assessed by flow-cytometry. Results: cultured OECs demonstrated two different morphologies, a spindle shape Schwann-like and an astrocyte-like OECs with flat sheet-like morphology. In addition, simultaneous immunolabeling for p75 and GFAP markers of OECs exhibited   OECs were positive for both markers at the same time. The flow-cytometry results  displayed that 87.9±2.4% of cells were p75/ GFAP double positive cells,1.05±0.4 only p75 positive and 5.8±1.5% were single positive for GFAP. Conclusion: Purity of cultured OECs in our study is probably more than 87.9% by flow- owing to p75+/S100+ and GFAP+/S100+ olfactory ensheathing cells were not counted. Thus the culture procedure of this study seems to be a good protocol for OECs purifying and cell therapy in CNS damages.}, Keywords = {OECs, Cell therapy, Spinal cord injury, Flowcytometry}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {12-21}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.12}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-178-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-178-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {GhanbariAfra, Leila and Zaheri, Azit}, title = {Comparison of depression in diabetic patients with and without foot wound}, abstract ={Introduction: Long-term complications of diabetes leads to physical and mental weakness and reduce their quality of life. One of the complications is the chronic wounds of extremities. Because of its outcome, patient’s adaptation can be reduced. The aim of this study was to compare depression between diabetic patients with and without foot wounds. Materials and methods: The comparative-descriptive study was performed on diabetic patients with and without foot wounds that admitted to the hospitals in Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2014. 100 patients with chronic wounds and 100 patients without the wounds was recruited by available sampling method for the study. We employed the “Demographic and clinical” and "Beck depression" questionnaires for gathering the data. The study data were analyzed by independent t and Chi-square tests using the SPSS (version 13) statistical software. Results: Mean and standard deviation of age in patient with and without chronic wound was 52.1±3.9 and 51.5±4.1 years, respectively. Depressive score of patient with and without chronic wound was also 25.6±9.5 and 8.7±2.1, respectively. Depression score of patient with underlying disease was higher than patients without underlying disease. The depression score rises with age. The depression scores were similar in both male and female gender. Conclusion: The depression in patient with chronic wounds was higher than patient without the wounds. Also, depression in patients with underlying disease and older age, rises.}, Keywords = {Chronic wound, Diabetes, Depression }, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {22-27}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.22}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-184-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Beig-Mohammadi, Hossein and Masoudian, Nahid and Tabibi, Ali and Allameh, Abdolamir}, title = {Diagnostic value of a combined C-reactive protein and haptoglobin tests in new cases of upper tract urothelial carcinoma}, abstract ={Introduction: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) is believed to be increased in metastatic urothelial cancer of the bladder. However, the changes depend on the stage and grade of the upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). This study aimed to compare low-range and high-range serum CRP and haptoglobin in new cases of UTUC. Materials and methods: Blood was collected from newly diagnosed patients with UTUC (n=43 patients; 39 male/4 female) and normal individuals (n=26; 24 male and 2 female) with no sign of infection or cancer. All the patients showed clinical symptoms of bladder cancer. Serum CRP and haptoglobin were estimated based on conventional methods. Results: Haematuria and polyuria were common symptoms in 65.12% of the patients suffering from UTUC. The serum level of HAPT in control and UTUC patients was 126±13 and 181±14.5 mg/dl respectively. No significant difference was observed in HAPT level in patients and controls. The HAPT was in the high-range level in 27% of controls and 30% of the patients. The average serum CRP level in patients and controls was 11.87±3.5 mg/l and 11.45±4.2 mg/l, respectively. Serum CRP was above 3.5 mg/l (>3.5 mg/l) in 46% of patients (20/43). The CRP level was significantly higher (P=0.023) in patients having CRP above 3.5 mg/l compared to respective controls. The UTUC patients were separated into two groups based on low-range (<3.5mg/l) and high-range CRP (>3.5 mg/l).Serum CRP was <3.5 mg/l in 69% of the controls, whereas 31% of controls had CRP >3.5 mg/l. However, 46% of UTUC patients had serum CRP > 3.5 mg/l and 54% of UTUC patients had serum CRP < 3.5 mg/l. Conclusion: Although there was no difference in haptoglobin levels in patients and controls, but serum CRP was significantly increased in patients and it was associated with clinical symptoms of UTUC, suggesting that serum CRP can be considered as a complementary test for detection of low-grade UTUC.}, Keywords = {Bladder cancer, Biomarkers, CRP, Haptoglobin, Low-grade }, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {28-33}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.28}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-210-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ramz, Kholoud and Abbasi, Naser and Hafeziahmadi, Mohammadreza and Azizi, Monireh and Hedayatpour, Azim and Abbaszadeh, Hojjatallah and Moayeri, Ardeshir}, title = {Effect of different concentrations of Aloe vera leave\'s extract on the healing process of rat\'s second degree burn}, abstract ={Introduction: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of four different concentrations of Aloe vera extract on healing of second degree burns in male Wistar rats. Materials and methods: By an experimental study 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 7 equal groups. The burn injury was made on the back of all rats, according to standard methods. The burned areas in the group1: were left without any intervention, group 2: were treated topically with eucerin, group 3: were treated with SSD and groups 4-7 were covered with 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% Aloe vera extract in eucerin (basal cream) twice a day, respectively. 21 days later the rats were sacrificed and samples of burnt skin tissue were collected for histological examinations. The parameters were evaluated to be considered for review included the number of hair follicles, sebaceous glands of angiogenesis, acute inflammation (severe infiltration of neutrophils) and the formation of epithelial layers. Results: Diagram of healing levels and reduction rats of wounds' sizes in 3th week indicated that the former was reduced more significantly in groups 3, 6 and 7 than in groups 1 (P<0.005) and 2 (P<0.01). Histological findings showed that burn healing was significantly better in groups 6 and 7 than the groups 1 and 2 at the day 21. Conclusion: It could be concluded that concentration of 1.5% and 2% of Aloe vera extract have an effective role in the treatment of burn wound healing.}, Keywords = { Aloe vera, SSD, Second degree burn}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {34-39}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.34}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-215-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-215-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Afzalpour, Mohammad Esmaiel and Yousefi, Mohammad Reza Yousefi and AbtahiEivari, Hossein and Ilbeigi, Saee}, title = {The comparison of continuous and intermittent training impact on glucose-4 transporter protein level and insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is now seen as a worldwide epidemic disease with high prevalence. Exercise training (ET) is known to promote beneficial changes in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of continuous and intermittent aerobic training on glucose-4 transporter protein (GLUT-4) levels and insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. Materials and methods: This research was an experimental and interventional study. A number of 60 male rats weighing 180 to 310 grams and 13 weeks old were divided into six groups: healthy control, healthy continuous, healthy intermittent, diabetic control, diabetic continuous, and diabetic intermittent groups. The exercise protocol in both continuous and intermittent groups was aerobic training for six weeks which was conducted considering overload principle. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance test in P< 0.05 level. Results: The results showed that despite the significant difference between insulin resistance and GLUT4 level among diabetic rats in different groups compared to control group, there was no significant difference between the impact of continuous and intermittent training on these indices (P=1.00). Conclusion: Through increasing the GLUT4 protein content, the continuous and intermittent training improved insulin resistance.}, Keywords = {GLUT4, Insulin sensitivity, Continuous training, Intermittent training}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {40-48}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.40}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-232-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-232-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nafisi, Saeed and Rezazadeh, Leila and Hosseini, Ehsan and Shamsi, Morteza and BahramiMousavi, Anwar and Bahrami, Ali Mohamm}, title = {Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract as an anti-depressant in mice}, abstract ={Introduction: Depression has multifactorial characters including brain-behavioral disorders, alteration in cognitive psychomotor and emotional process. Millions of people are worldwide suffering from this illness. This disease happens in all ages of men and women. This research tries to introduce a traditional medication in comparison with common chemical anti-depressant drugs. This experiment was designed to evaluate probably the antidepressant effect of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extraction. Materials and methods: Thirty-two male mice (Balb/c) was randomly divided to four groups (n=8 each). Animals adapted and treated to diazepam, imipramine, aqueous and hydro alcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruit. All administrations were done via intraperitoneal 0.2ml/animal. Plant material after grinding was extracted with ethanol and evaporated under reduced pressure. Tail suspension test was carried out to assay the antidepressant effect of plant extraction in animals. The test was carried on before, and as well as 30, 60 and 120 minutes after injections. Results: Our data indicated that after intraperitoneal administration of aqueous and ethanol extract, immobility duration exhibits statistically significant increase compared to agitation phase in all times after injection(P<0.05). Ethanol extract reduced statistically agitation time in 30, 60 and 120 min after injection compared to imipramine. Both aqueous and ethanol extract elevated immobility in minute 60(P<0.5). Conclusion: The present study suggested that Citrullus colocynthis extract could possess potential antidepressant and sedative effects which would be of therapeutic interest for using in the treatment of patients with depressive disorders. We suggest more research in this regard.}, Keywords = {Anti-depressant, Citrullus colocynthis, Herb, Mice}, volume = {3}, Number = {4}, pages = {49-55}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.jbrms.3.4.49}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-228-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-228-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2016} }