@article{ author = {Nwiloh, Barine Innocent and Uwakwe, Augustine Amadikwa and Akaninwor, Joyce Oronne}, title = {Antipyretic and haematomodulatory activities of ethanolic extract from Salacia nitida root bark in Plasmodium berghei-malaria infected mice}, abstract ={Introduction: In southern part of Nigeria, root bark of Salacia nitida is use traditionally in the treatment of malaria. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate the antipyretic and haematomodulatory activities of ethanolic extract from Salacia nitida root bark in Plasmodium berghei-malaria infected mice.   Materials and methods: Fresh roots of S. nitida were collected in February, 2016. Thirty P. berghei-infected mice, divided into five groups containing six mice each were used for the study against another six uninfected control mice. 280, 430 and 580 mg/kg of extract were given to infected mice in groups B, C and D, 4mg/kg of artesunate given to group E mice, while group A and F mice were given 4ml/kg of physiological saline daily for five days. Body temperatures and levels of haematological parameters were evaluated. Results: Results obtained showed significant increase (P < 0.05) in haemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet counts, and decrease in absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. Body temperatures of experimental mice also decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggests that ethanolic extract from S. nitida root bark is effective in treatment of malaria.}, Keywords = {Antipyretic, Haematological parameters, Mice, Plasmodium berghei, Salacia nitida}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-401-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-401-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mahmoodi, Gelavij and Amini, Sabrieh}, title = {The effect of Salvia officinalis hydroalcoholic extract on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in adult male mice}, abstract ={Introduction: The role of medicinal plants in enhancement of memory and improvement of Alzheimer disease symptoms has attracted researchers’ attention. Genus Salvia (sage) is the largest and most valuable type of herbal medicine from Lamiaceae family, and its therapeutic effects have long been considered. This study investigated the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis) leaves on scopolamine-induced amnesia in adult male mice. Materials and methods: A step-through inhibitory avoidance task was used for memory assessment. Animals received hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg) 30 minutes after administration of scopolamine (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) after training and before testing, (based on experimental design). Animals were tested 24 h after the training session, and step-through latency in entering the dark compartment was recorded as passive avoidance memory. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey test. Statistical significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: The results indicated that administration of scopolamine impaired both consolidation and retrieval of passive avoidance memory. Administration of 40 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia after training, or 20 and 40 mg/kg on the day of experiment ameliorated the effect of scopolamine. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia can inhibit scopolamine-induced impairment of passive avoidance memory in mice.}, Keywords = {Salvia officinalis, Scopolamine, Mice, Memory impairment}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-20}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-379-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-379-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Saeidi, Ayoub and Zouhal, Hassane and Nouri-Habashi, Akbar and Heydari, Souri and Salarinahand, Mahnoosh and Ahmadi, Mahtab and Malekian, Fatemeh}, title = {Effect of eight weeks circuit resistance training with Zataria multiflora supplementation on plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin in postmenopausal women}, abstract ={Introduction: Aging and low physical activity results in a decrease in Adiponectin and an increase in leptin, which can cause cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks circuit-resistance training (CRT) with Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) supplementation on plasma leptin and adiponectin in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: 48 untrained postmenopausal women took part in this study. The participants were randomly divided in 4 groups with 12 persons in each: resistance training (RTG), Z. multiflora (ZG), control (CG) and Z. multiflora- resistance training (ZRTG). Resistance training program contained 12 stations (each station 30 second with 35 percent of one maximum repetition) and continued for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week). Participants in the ZG and ZRTG consumed 500 mg of Z. multiflora supplementation daily before breakfast. Blood samples were collected 48 hours before first session and 48 hours after last session to measure plasma levels of leptin and Adiponectin. Results: Significant difference between ZRTG and CG in plasma Adiponectin was observed (P˂0.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups in leptin (P˃0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that CRT can cause a decrease in leptin and an increase in Adiponectin. Also, when Z. multiflora intervention included in the training program, this effects increased.}, Keywords = {Circuit-resistance training, Zataria multiflora supplementation, Adiponectin, Leptin, Postmenopausal women}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-321-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-321-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Khalili, Manijeh and Kalvandi, Gholamreza and Shahramian, Iraj and Bazi, Ali and Farsian, Bita and Shahrakipour, Mahnaz}, title = {The patterns of weight gain, body mass index and appetite changes in children therapeutically managed for functional constipation}, abstract ={Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common gastroenterological disorders worldwide, especially in developing countries. The knowledge toward the influences of constipation on weight-gain and normal growth is inadequate among families and pediatricians. In present study, we aimed to assess weigh-gain pattern in children with constipation during six months of routine therapy. Materials and methods: In this analytical study, our population constituted all the children with age of 1-15 years old admitted to the Gastroenterology section of Children Hospital of Zahedan city during 2015-2017. The constipation diagnosis was based on less than three defecations per week persisting for at least one month. Demographic and growth parameters including height, weight, and BMI, and appetite were recorded for each subject following three months of routine treatment. Results: The mean age of patients under study was 5.67 ± 3.03 years old, and the mean of height was 108.47 ± 19.18 cm. The mean weight and BMI of the children were significantly higher at three months following treatment compared to baseline, however, there was no significant change in neither weight nor BMI regarding individual genders. Appetite improvement was recorded in 60 (57.1%) and 77 (73.3%) of the children at one and three months after treatment, respectively. Conclusion: Therapeutic intervention in children with constipation can effectively improve weight-gain their pattern and appetite.}, Keywords = {Constipation, Body mass index, Appetite, Children}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-35}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-396-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-396-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Abdal, Khadijeh and Mortezaee, Keywan and Haidari, Sara and Darvishi, Marzieh}, title = {Evaluation of general dentists’ knowledge about oral cancer in Ilam, Iran in 2016}, abstract ={Introduction: Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignant neoplasm and one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. Dentists’ lack of knowledge about the signs and symptoms of oral cancer is an important for diagnosing the oral cancer accurately and at early stages. In this study, we examined the level of dentists’ awareness toward oral cancer in Ilam, Iran. Materials and methods: A total of 98 dentists (65 males and 33 females) with average age of 35.57±7.9 years were invited to take part in the study and respond to suitably designed questionnaires. Data were collected and a possible relationship between age and knowledge score was further analyzed. Results: The maximum awareness score that respondents could attain was 13. The mean score was 8.14 ± 1.8, which was higher than the national average level. The average scores for men and women were 7.58 ± 2.1 and 8.46 ± 1.5, respectively. But, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.1).There was no statistically significant relationship between age and knowledge score (P = 0.3, r = -0.11).In addition, knowledge score in different age groups were compared, and there was no significant difference (P = 0.5). Conclusion: Results of this study indicated that dentists’ awareness about oral cancer is higher than average in Ilam; however, the need for educational programs for increasing the level of knowledge about oral cancer is recommended.}, Keywords = { Oral cancer, Knowledge, Dentist}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {36-40}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-367-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-367-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, Parvin Sadat and Rafieirad, Maryam and Esmaeili, Somayeh}, title = {The effect of oleuropein on working and passive avoidance memory in the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure animal model}, abstract ={Introduction: Epileptic seizures are product of abnormal electrical discharges of the brain. Electrical wave productive of epileptic seizure generates disturbances in brain data processing circuits and these patients suffer from memory impairment. In this study, the effect of different doses of oleuropein on the treatment of memory impairment Caused by frequent seizures was in male rats investigated.   Materials and methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (the negative control group received normal saline, the positive control group received diazepam 1 mg/kg and the two treatment groups received doses 10 and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein). Thirty minutes after administration of different doses of oleuropein or saline or diazepam, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) at a dose of 85 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneal into rats, and after creating seizure and animal survival, tests of memory were performed. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests were the procedures used to analyze the results. Results: In both tests, the memory of the control group (normal saline recipient) decreased significantly (P<0.001). The administration of 10mg/kg oleuropein shows a significant increase in periodic behavior measurements by maze y (P<0.01). Both doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg increased passive avoidance memory (P<0.001). Conclusion This study shows that the oleuropein has an appropriate anticonvulsant effect and improves the working memory and passive avoidance in epileptic rat and Future studies appear to be necessary to understand further how the mechanism of its effect.}, Keywords = {Oleuropein, Memory, Pentylenetetrazole, Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-48}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-414-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghazaei, Ciamak}, title = {Investigating the effect of thermal shock factors and different cell treatments on bacterial transformation efficiency}, abstract ={Introduction: Molecular transformation of bacterial cells plays a central role in molecular DNA transfer. At present, transformation is carried out either by chemical methods or by electric shock (electroporation). This study tended to investigate the effect of thermal shock factors and different cell treatments on transformation efficiency in E.coli.   Materials and methods: In this method, E.coli cells were treated by different concentrations of peptide CM11 (0.1, 1, 2, 3 and μg/ml) and lysozyme enzyme (40 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml) based on competence by calcium chloride (100 and 200 mM). They also underwent thermal and cold shocks at different temperature intervals. Then, pUC19 plasmid (2.7 kbp) was transferred as a model and separately to the competent bacteria. Results: The results showed that increasing the thermal shock in three temperature intervals (37, 42 and 47°C) with cold shock (0 and 5°C) led to an increase in the number of transformed colonies and it has a significant relationship with transformation (P<0.05). Increased CaCl2 concentration was a positive factor in the amount of transformation, but no significant relationship was found between increased lysozyme concentration and transformation (P>0.05). Increased CM11 peptide concentration showed a significant relationship with transformation (P<0.05). There was no significant relationship between three transformations (P>0.05), while there was a significant relationship between peptide CM11 concentration and lysozyme enzyme concentration in transformation simultaneously (P˂0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that increased thermal shock and stability of cold shock at minimum temperature (0°C), as well as increased CaCl2 concentration and increased peptide concentration to 1 μg/ml can increase the number of transformed colonies in E.coli. Finally, peptide concentration and enzyme concentration are introduced as a simple and convenient method for increasing the transformation efficiency.}, Keywords = {Transformation, Escherichia coli, Plasmid, Lysozyme Enzyme, Peptide CM11}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {49-56}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-389-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-389-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Moradnejadi, Kambiz and Torabian, Ali and Nourmoradi, Heshmatollah and Mirbagheri, Sayed Ahm}, title = {Adsorption of lindane as an organo-chlorine pesticide from aqueous solutions by mineral sand}, abstract ={Introduction: Pesticide including lindane has been extensively applied in agriculture as insecticide. It is considered as one of the most significant organic pollutants that have reasoned environmental pollution especially surface and ground waters. In the present study, mineral sand, as a media of slow sand filtration in water treatment, was used to remove lindane from aqueous solutions. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in batch mode. The influences of various parameters such as contact time, pH, lindane content and solution ion strength were investigated on the sorption process. The isotherm and kinetics of the sorption was also determined by the research. Results: The maximum removal efficiency of lindane by sand was achieved at the contact time and pH of 150 min and 4, respectively. The removal efficiency of lindane at abovementioned condition was (28.86% equal to 2.88 µg/g) in the concentration of 100 µg/L. The results of various isotherms and kinetics models analysis also showed that the adsorption process described well by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first-order kinetics models, respectively. Addition of the salt to lindane solution increased the removal efficiency to about 3.5 times. Conclusion: This study showed that the sorption is considered as one of the major parameters of mineral sand as main media in sand filtration of water treatment plant.}, Keywords = {Adsorption, Sand, Lindane, Aqueous solution}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Zarrinkavyani, Kianoosh and Khosravinia, Heshmatolah and Shahsavari, Gholamreza and Biranvand, Zahr}, title = {Effect of injection of diazepam, melatonin, methocarbamol and glucose on physiological responses of neonate chicks subjected to road transportation stress}, abstract ={Introduction: Transportation causes stress in chicks that may make numerous physiological changes with a negative impact on their production and health. This study was conducted to examine the effects of injection of diazepam, melatonin, methocarbamol and glucose on Serum biochemical parameters include: glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, Ca, P, Zn, Fe, Na and K in neonate chicks subjected to road transportation stress. Materials and methods: The research was carried out in the form of factorial experiment (9×5) based on a completely randomized design with 4 replications. A total of 940 one-day old Ross 308 Male-sex broiler chicks were bought from a commercial hatchery. Immediately after the hatching, broiler chicks were traveled to about 1200 km far from the hatchery. At hatchery (40 samples) and after 300, 600, 900, and 1200 km journey, a random sample (From each treatment 8 birds) were sampled for blood collection. Results: The mean concentration of glucose, protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, and potassium was not affected by the treatments (P>0.05), but concentration of uric acid and plasma Zn was influenced (P<0.05). The effect of road distance on all serum parameters except Zn was significant. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of uric acid, Zn, Sodium and Potassium in serum showed an interaction between treatments and transport distance (P<0.05). Conclusion: These results clearly show the physiological responses of chickens under long-distance transport and the effect of some treatments on stress indicators.}, Keywords = {Neonate chicks, Transportation stress, Physiological parameters}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-385-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {BagherzadehRahmani, Behnam and AbbassiDaloii, Asieh}, title = {The effect of aerobic training and consumption of L-carnitine supplements on HMG-CoA reductase and LDL receptor in the liver of male wistar rats toxicated by boldenone}, abstract ={Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and consumption of L-carnitine supplements on HMG-CoA reductase and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) in the liver of male Wistar rats toxicated by boldenone. Materials and methods: In this clinical study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 12 weeks (weight 195±7.94g) were randomly divided into five groups: control, no-treatment, boldenone (5mg per kg), L-carnitine and L-carnitine + training groups with six rat in each group. The moderate intensity endurance training program (50-55% of maximal oxygen consumption) performed for 6 weeks and 5 times a week. Injection once a week, on an appointed day, and in the quadriceps and hamstring was conducted in depth. After anesthesia, biopsy in aliquots was prepared. The HMG-CoA reductase and LDL-R expression in the samples was measured by Real-Time-PCR and the quantification of gene expression levels was calculated using the formula 2-ΔΔct then analyzed by One-way ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe at P<0.05. Results: The results showed that aerobic training and supplementation with L-carnitine had significant effects on HMG-CoA reductase and LDL-R in the liver of male Wistar rats intoxicated by boldenone (P=0.0001). The results showed that the expression of HMG-CoA reductase in training-L-carnitine group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.0001). The expression of LDL-R in training-L-carnitine and L-carnitine group increased significantly compared to control group (P=0.0001). Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems to the supplementation with L-carnitine alongwith regular aerobic training modulate the biosynthesis of cholesterol in liver tissue.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Boldenone, L-carnitine, HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, Wistar rats}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {11-22}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-377-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-377-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Keshavarzi, Fatemeh and Chaghakaboodi, Shahnaz and Khalafi, Abdolrasool}, title = {Sox2 gene expression as a gene to change the aggressive behavior of cancerous cells in patients with gastric cancer}, abstract ={Introduction: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenomenon in cancer cells is one of the most sensitive stages in metastasis. In addition, it has been shown that many molecular factors and cellular signals, including the Sox2 gene, are involved in arising EMT, which together cause EMT. The phenomenon of EMT in cancer cells is one of the most sensitive stages in metastasis. Expression of Sox2 gene as an effective gene in altering aggressive behavior of cancer cells has not been studied in patients with gastric cancer. Materials and methods: RNA was extracted from 50 tumoral and 50 normal samples from patients with gastric cancer. Then cDNA synthesis was performed on the extracted RNAs. Primers for the target genes were designed and synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the relative expression of the studied genes and the relationship between the clinic pathologic parameters and the amount of RNA was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Results: mRNA expression of Sox2 in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in healthy adjacent tumor tissue. The mRNA expression level of Sox2 in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in healthy adjacent tumor tissue.  Also, mRNA levels of Sox2 in tumor tissue indicated a direct and significant correlation with tumor staging (TNM stages) (τ = 0.329, P = 0.02). In addition, there was no significant correlation between mRNA levels of Sox2 in tumor tissue and tumor size (τ = 0.138, P = 0.177). Conclusion: Assessment of Sox2 gene expression in the study of genes involved in EMT process in gastric cancer patients and its relation to pathologic, clinical and metastatic findings in gastric cancer is an effective method in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.  }, Keywords = {Gastric cancer, Sox2, Gene expression}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {23-29}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-323-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ayatollahi, Hossein and Rahimi, Hossein and Sadeghian, MohammadHadi and Keramati, Mohammad Reza and Amirpour, Mojgan and Sheikhi, Maryam and Amini, Nafiseh and Shakeri, Sepideh and Shams, Seyyede Fateme and Zafari, Zahra and Azarkerdar, Somaieh}, title = {Evaluating the expression of ERG gene in acute myeloblastic leukemia in north east of Iran}, abstract ={Introduction: Erythroblast transformation specific Related Gene (ERG) is a member of ETS transcription factors family, which act as a regulator of primary hematopoietic cell differentiation. Previous researches suggested proto-oncogene for response to mitogenic signal of different cell with MAP kinase and help to tumorgenesis, apoptotic and prognostic role for ERG gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The aim of his study was to evaluate ERG gene expression level in AML cases compare to control group. Materials and methods: For analysis of gene expression, total RNA was isolated from bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood of AML `s patient. This study was conducted on 54 AML patients and 54 healthy individuals as control group. ERG gene expression and reference gene glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) was assessed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Clinical and laboratory findings studied cases were extracted from medical documents. Results: This study results indicated that the level of ERG gene expression in AML patients had no significant differences compare to control group (1.81±2.41) (P <0.05), Also ERG gene expression was correlated to patients hematocrit (P <0.05). Conclusion: This research recommends that there were no significant relation between ERG expression and control groups. It seems that ERG gene assessment is not a good index for AML patient’s evaluation.}, Keywords = {ERG gene, Acute myeloid leukemia, RT-PCR method}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {30-35}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-338-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-338-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Feilinezhad, Kazhal and Gowhari, Habib and Sayemiri, Kurosh and Khoshbakht, Tayebeh}, title = {Verbal inflection deficit in Kurdish-speaking aphasia patients}, abstract ={Introduction: Aphasia is a language disorder which can affect different aspects of language production and comprehension. Broca’s aphasia is a non-fluent type of aphasia in which patients suffer from a deficit in the use of function words and inflectional categories of the verb. Materials and methods: Two Kurdish- Speaking patients diagnosed with Broca’s Aphasia were selected to be investigated for their linguistic performance in the main inflectional categories of verbs including grammatical agreement, tense and aspect. To collect the data, natural conversations of the patients were recorded to be analyzed. Sentence Completion Task (SCT) was, also, employed to find the less frequent inflectional categories. SPSS version 23 was utilized to analyze the collected corpora. Results: Both patients had a relatively intact agreement system, while both committed a higher number of errors as far as grammatical tense is concerned. Finally, the worst linguistic performance for the two patients was reported to be in the appropriate use of markers to represent grammatical aspect. Conclusion: Grammatical aspect was found to be the most problematic inflectional category, while grammatical agreement was the least severely damage category for Kurdish-speaking aphasic patients.}, Keywords = {Broca’ aphasia, Inflectional category, Agreement, Tense, Aspect}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {36-43}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Sayehmiri, Kourosh and Sarokhani, Mandana and Bagheri, Milad and GhaneiGheshlagh, Rez}, title = {Correlation of mental disorders with religious attitude and mental health among the elderly of Ilam city}, abstract ={Introduction: The elderly are susceptible to mental disorders due to poor physical and mental ability, loss of relatives and poor social communication. Mental health and religious attitudes are factors that may be associated with mental disorders in the elderly. This research was aimed to explore the relationship of mental disorders with mental health and religious attitudes among the elderly. Materials and methods: This descriptive, correlational study was conducted on 400 elderly in Ilam, Iran, who were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected by the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Religious Attitude Questionnaire (Gloris-Brahni). The obtained data were analyzed by PASW software using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results showed a significant correlation between mental disorders and mental health (P=0.003, r=0.147) and religious attitude (P=0.001, r=-0.187). The results of regression analysis to predict mental disorders based on the predictor variables indicated that religious attitude could predict 4.6% of mental disorders in the Kurdish elderly. In the next steps, the marital status, gender and mental health variables were included in the model, which could generally predict 8.2% of changes in mental disorders among the elderly of Ilam city. Conclusion: Religious attitude and mental health could predict mental disorders in the elderly. It seems necessary to gain a better understanding of the risk factors of mental disorders in the elderly to design interventional programs and to identify the people at risk.}, Keywords = { Elderly, Attitude, Religious, Mental disorders, Mental health }, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {44-50}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghanbarzade, Nahid and Moghanni, Marzie and Goljahani, Negar and Karamian, Mehdi and Zare_Bidaki, Maji}, title = {Frequency of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis in women with vaginal discharge referring to the gynecology clinic of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Birjand in 2018}, abstract ={ntroduction: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) and Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) are the most common sexually transmitted microorganisms. Contamination with these microorganisms is a global problem, such that T. vaginalis causes complications in pregnancy and increases the risk of HIV transmission. N. gonorrhoeae causes pelvic infections and can result in complications such as infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, and preterm delivery. In this study, the frequency of these two microorganisms and their related factors was investigated. Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed in the gynecology clinic affiliated with Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand during a one-year period (2018). A total of 400 women with abnormal vaginal discharge were included. Sterile swabs were used to take samples from the vaginal area, and the specimens were mounted on four microscope slides. One of the slides was used to detect vaginal Trichomoniasis by wet mount, and three other slides were stained via Giemsa (for diagnosis of vaginal discharge), Gram, and methylene blue staining methods (for detection of N. gonorrhoeae). Data analysis was performed in SPSS software, using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.67 ± 8.24 years. The percentage of infliction with N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis were 1.75% and 6.75%, respectively. Statistical analysis did not show a significant difference between the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection and different factors such as age, education level, place of residence, marital status, and contraceptive method (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The relative frequency of infection with N. gonorrhoeae in Birjand appears to be within the predicted global range, while the frequency of T. vaginalis is more than the expected range. It is recommended that healthcare professionals be trained for timely prevention and treatment of people with signs, notification, education, and screening.}, Keywords = {Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Microscopic observation, Genitourinary infection}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {51-57}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Rostamzad, Arman and KaramiCheragAbad, Aboozar and Omidi, Mehdi and Hatamnia, Aliasghar}, title = {Antibiotic resistance of Citrobacter freundii in clinical isolates: A systematic review and meta-analysis}, abstract ={Introduction: Citrobacter freundii (C. freundii) is an opportunistic infection agent in hospitalized patients, especially in the intensive care units (ICUs). The prevalence of antibiotic resistance in C. freundii is increasing in the worldwide, and this may cause significant clinical problems. This paper aims at evaluating the rate of antibiotic resistance of C. freundii using meta-analysis. Materials and methods: A total of eight qualified antibiotics in 21 published articles were chosen randomly to estimate the antibiotic resistance percentage of C. freundii in different countries. The data were analyzed by meta-analysis (random effect model) and the heterogeneity was determined using Cochran’s Q and I2 index. Also, Forest plot with confidence interval 95% were attained by R software. Results: Our data showed that the antibiotic resistance pattern of C. freundii in different parts of the world was not absolutely same but the maximum range of resistance was related to gentamicin and the minimum range of resistance was related to imipenem. Q and I2 were attained 45.25 (P<0.05) and 56%, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the variability in antibiotic resistance pattern of C. freundii in different studies across the world was due to heterogeneity in hygiene level that resulted from various geographic regions.}, Keywords = {Citrobacter freundii, Antibiotic resistance, Nosocomial pathogen}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-63}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Farzad, Babak and Shamsaei, Nabi}, title = {Does body adiposity index evaluate percentage of body fat?}, abstract ={Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the novel marker, body adiposity index (BAI), is accurate to measure percentage of body fat (PBF). Materials and methods: Seventy-eight males were undergone anthropometric examination. PBF was calculated by BAI and measured using InBody 3.0.   Results: Significant correlation was found between BAI and PBF (r = 0.751; P < 0.001). Conclusion: PBF can be measured by BAI, which is calculating from hip circumference and height and we validated this novel index. Therefore, it can be widely used in the clinical settings.}, Keywords = {Body adiposity index, Hip circumference, Height, Body fat percent}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-3}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Shafiei, Jalil and Javadi, Gholamreza and Nateghi, Behnaz and Shaygannejad, Vahid and Salehi, Mansoor}, title = {Up-regulation of circulating miR-93-5p in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis}, abstract ={Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating in which there is no standardized method to detect this disease activity. It has shown abnormal microRNAs (miRNAs) function in peripheral blood immune cells. miRNAs expression is probably responsible for immunological features associated with MS. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association of miR-93-5p expression with MS disease. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, a totally of 30 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled. Following miRNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, miR-93-5p expression was examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The expression of miR-93-5p was significantly increased in RRMS patients compared to healthy subjects (P=0.001). Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis identified a strong predictive power of miR‑93-5p on discriminating MS from healthy individuals, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.939 (95% CI; 0.8581-1.000). On the other hand, the samples were analyzed based on the type of drug treatment (interferon and non-interferon), which did not show any considerable differences (P=0.863). Conclusion: Our findings showed that miR-93-5p has highly elevated expression in patients with RRMS compared to healthy subjects. Based on the results miR-93-5p may be a prospective biomarker with the potential use for diagnosis of RRMS patients.}, Keywords = {Multiple sclerosis, MicroRNA, miR-93-5p}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {4-11}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Rafieirad, Maryam and Valipour-Chahardah-Charic, Saee}, title = {Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles along with vitamin C on motor activity and anxiety in adult male rat}, abstract ={Introduction: Regarding the many applications of nanomaterials in various industries and the existence of many hypotheses on the harmful effects of nanoparticles on living things, the research in this field is of great significance. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc and vitamin C nanoparticles as antioxidants and administration both on locomotor activity and anxiety. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, rats were divided into seven groups including one saline group and six treatment groups. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were injected intraperitoneally in six groups at three concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg and vitamin C at three concentrations of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg. At the end of the prescription period, the number of lines crossed in the open field test for motor activity and the number of stools for anxiety in each group were evaluated over a 5-min period. Results: Prescription of different doses of ZnO and vitamin C did not indicate any significant change in motor activity compared to the saline group. The injection of 30 and 120 mg/kg of vitamin C decreased the number of defecation (anxiety) compared to the saline group (P < 0.001and P < 0.01, respectively) and also significant decrease was observed at 5 and 1.25 mg/kg doses of ZnO compared to the saline group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on these observations, vitamin C and ZnO reduced anxiety but had no effect on the motor activity of animals.}, Keywords = {Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Vitamin C, Motor Activity, Anxiety, Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {12-18}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Sayehmiri, Ali and Sarokhani, M}, title = {Quality of life and economic variables in Ilam province}, abstract ={Introduction: Higher quality of life is the main desire of modern society. Therefore, paying attention to quality of life (QOF) and influential elements especially economic variables has turned into a necessity. This study was aimed at determining the relationship between QOF and economic variables, which was performed in the counties of Ilam province in Iran in 2013. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional research, 918 households were selected among ten counties of Ilam province by using multiple stages clustering sampling. Data were collected through macroeconomics questionnaires and 36-SF QOF questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 through t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC), and multiple regressions. Results: The mean ± SD of QOF was 61.74 ± 12.31. The correlations between monthly income and physical function scopes were (r=0.11, P<0.05), mental health (r=0.16, P<0.01), exhilaration (r=0.17, P<0.01), social function (r=0.16, P<0.01), physical pain (r=0.14, P<0.01), public health (r=0.12, P<0.05), and the total score of the QOF was (r=0.13, P<0.01). Based on the outcome of multiple regressions, the mean of QOF increased 2.45 units per mean which indicated increased unit of satisfaction regarding their living. Conclusion: The biggest barriers to safety and security among society’s individual life include social deprivation and poverty. Therefore, the general improvement in QOF can be influenced by increasing social cooperation, improving health care services, and providing consulting services about obtained policies by health care.}, Keywords = {Quality of life, Economic variables, Ilam}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-27}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-442-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-442-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Kazemi, Saeeid and Ataei, Mohammad and Mahdavi, Abdolmohammad and Sayehmiri, Kourosh}, title = {Investigating the status of positive organizational behavior in governmental organizations with emphasis on Iranian Islamic values}, abstract ={Introduction: In the third millennium, we need employees and organizations that can adapt quickly to change and use challenges as an opportunity for growth and prosperity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of positive organizational behavior in government organizations with emphasis on Iranian Islamic values. Materials and methods: The statistical population of the research consisted of all government agencies, which were selected from the sample of 384 according to the Morgan Table. For this purpose, more accurate results were obtained and the data required for the research were collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. T-test and analysis of variance were used to confirm or reject the relevant questions. Also, Cronbach's alpha test was used to determine the reliability of the research questionnaire. Results: Correlation of the positive organizational behavior with Islamic positive organizational behavior, performance, culture, structure and technology was 0.69, 0.56, 0.34, 055, 0.19 and 0.35 respectively. According to the analysis on research variables, two important variables, positive organizational behavior and positive Islamic organizational behavior were identified Conclusion: The findings of this study show that positive organizational behavior (flexibility) has a significant relationship with organizational performance.}, Keywords = {Positive organizational behavior, Organizational performance, Government organizations, Islamic values}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {28-33}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-454-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-454-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mahmoudi, Mohammadreza and Rajabi, E and Mirzaei, As}, title = {Toxoplasma gondii infection in cancer patients in Guilan, Iran: prevalence and risk of acquired or reactivation of latent Toxoplasmosis}, abstract ={Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in immune-compromised individuals, including malignant patients under chemotherapy, can cause severe diseases as encephalitis or systemic infections. There is no study on toxoplasmosis in cancer patients in Guilan Province.This study was designed to determine toxoplasmosis IgM and IgG antibodies in cancer patients and to compare it to normal population in the north of Iran, Guilan. Materials and methods: The present case control study is the first study on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in cancer patients referred to an educational hospital in Rasht- Guilan (North of Iran), from July 2017 to January 2018. The range of the participants' age was 14–88 years, of whom 52.6% and 47.4% were male and female, respectively. Blood samples were collected from 150 immuno-competent individuals as a control group and 150 cancer patients. The antibodies (IgG/IgM) were measured by the ELISA method using available kits (ToxoIgG and ToxoIgM Euroimmun). Results: The overall sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis among the participants was 96 (64%) and 97/150 (64.7%) in cancer patients and controls, respectively. In patients, 94 (62.6 %%) were seropositive for only IgG, 1 (0.66%) for only IgM, and 1 (0.66%) for both IgG and IgM. In the control group, 1/150(0.66%) had IgG and IgM positive and 96/150 (64 %) were IgG positive and IgM negative that considered acute and chronic toxoplasmosis, respectively. Two out of 150 control groups were IgG and IgM borderline, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant for IgG (P= 0.8) and IgM (P=0.85) among the patients and also the control groups. Sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection varied significantly with age, sex, residence, cat at home, and educational level. Conclusion: The data showed that a high percent of patients and control groups were susceptible to re-activation of latent toxoplasmosis. But In immune-compromised patients, reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis could even leads to lethal encephalitis. Therefore, the screening of toxoplasmosis should be considered more routinely in cancer patients.}, Keywords = {Toxoplasma gondii, Cancer, Toxoplasmosis}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {34-41}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Jaafarpour, Molouk and Mozafari, Mosayeb and Khani, Ali}, title = {Evaluating the undergraduate midwifery students\' live experiences of the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) assessment process: A phenomenological study}, abstract ={Introduction: Assessing the range of skills that midwives require is very important. This study was aimed at investigating live experiences of midwifery students from the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) as an assessment tool. Materials and methods: This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach and five pre-internship undergraduate midwifery students who undertook Objective Structured Clinical Examination, participated in this study. Purposive and voluntary sampling methods were utilized. Data were collected using in-depth, unstructured and individual interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Following analysis, five main themes were emerged: previous preparation, implementation of OSCE, OSCE content, accuracy of OSCE and feedback of OSCE in clinical practice. The most important theme was feedback to students about their learning activity. Conclusion: According to our findings, OSCE help midwifery students to recognize their weaknesses and thus improve their skills in clinical trainings. In addition, OSCE is a valuable tool to learn necessary skills for the profession of midwifery. Based on this study results, we suggest that OSCE assessment is a very beneficial method in midwifery education.}, Keywords = {Clinical assessment, Undergraduate students, Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {42-48}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mianroodi, Mohammad and Touchal, Siham}, title = {Finite element study of a wrist prosthesis}, abstract ={Joint replacement surgery in the wrist is less common than other replacement, but can be an option if you have painful arthritis that does not respond to other treatments. In wrist joint replacement surgery, the damaged parts of the wrist bones are removed and replaced with artificial components, called a wrist prosthesis. If the cartilage is worn away or damaged by injury, infection, or disease, the bones themselves will rub against each other, wearing out the ends of the bones. This causes a painful, arthritic condition. Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, results from a gradual wearing away of the cartilage covering on bones. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that results in pain, stiffness and swelling. Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects several joints on both the right and left sides of the body. Both forms of arthritis may affect the strength of the fingers and hand, making it difficult to grip or pinch.}, Keywords = {Wrist prosthesis, Joint replacement, Pain, Finite element method, Rheumatoid arthritis}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {49-55}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-339-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-339-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Aliakbari-Baydokhty, Mahdi and Saghebjoo, Marziyeh and Sarir, Hadi and Hedayati, Mehdi}, title = {The effect of endurance training and hydroalcoholic extract of Anethum Graveolens L. (dill) on biochemical cardiovascular risk factors in obese male rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease and is a known risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and its risk can be independently decreased through lifestyle modification. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of endurance training and hydroalcoholic extract of dill on biochemical cardiovascular risk factors in obese male rats. Materials and methods: Thirty-two obese male rats (weighing 350-400 g) with aged 12 weeks were randomly divided into four equal groups (n=8) including endurance training (ETr: 10 weeks, 5 sessions per week at 75%VO2max), dill extract (DEx: 300 mg/kg body weight via gavage), endurance training+dill extract (ETr+DEx), and control (Ct). Eight rats (weighing 240-280 g) were also in the non-obese control (NCt) group. Fasting plasma lipid concentration was measured 48 hours after the last intervention session. Data were analyzed with one way ANOVA at P < 0.05 significance. Results: The result showed a significant increase in the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C in the Ct group compared to the NCt group (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the plasma levels of LDL-C, VLDL-C, TG, TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C in the ETr+DEx group and TC/HDL-C ratio in the ETr group compared to the Ct group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of HDL-C among groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that endurance training combined with the dill extract improved the plasma lipid profile. Therefore, it can be more effective in obesity complications reduction than exercise training or dill extract alone.}, Keywords = {Endurance training, Hydroalcoholic extract of dill, Cardiovascular risk factors, Obese male rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-460-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mohazzab, Mahshid and Matinhomaee, Hasan and Hosseini, Ali and RahmatiAhmadAbad, Saleh}, title = {The effects of endurance training and pumpkin seed consumption on oxidative stress and DNA damage markers in the cardiac muscle of rats poisoned with H2O2}, abstract ={Introduction: Oxidative stress can impair the antioxidant protective capacity of the body, which is associated with decreased capacity of the body's internal defense system. There are some evidences that training and pumpkin seed (PS) consumption by different mechanisms have a protective effect on myocardial tissue by inhibiting oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of endurance training (ET) and PS consumption on oxidative stress and DNA damage markers in the cardiac tissue of rats poisoned with H2O2. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 42 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, including: 1) control, 2) H2O2, 3) H2O2+ET, 4) H2O2+1mg/kg PS, 5) H2O2+2 mg/kg PS, 6) H2O2+ET+ 1 mg/kg PS, and 7) H2O2+ET+2 mg/kg PS. During eight weeks, groups 2 to 7 received 1 mg/kg of H2O2 (manufactured by Sigma Aldrich Co.) peritoneally; also, groups 3, 6, and 7 ran for 30 minutes on a treadmill at a speed of 23 m/min for 5 sessions per week. Independent sample t-test and two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post- hoc tests were used to analyze the data (P<0.05). Results: H2O2poisoning significantly decreased ATP and increased cytochrome-C, MDA and PAB (P=0.001); on the other hand, ET and PS consumption alone significantly increased ATP and decreased cytochrome-C and MDA (P=0.001); but the interactive effects of ET and PS consumption on increase of ATP and decrease of cytochrome-C, MDA and PAB were not significant (P>0.05). In addition, although consumption of 1 mg/kg PS had no significant effect on increase of ATP and decrease of cytochrome-C and MDA (P>0.05), 2 mg/kg PS significantly increased ATP and decreased cytochrome-C, MDA and PAB (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that ET and PS consumption alone can be a good strategy to reduce the adverse effects of toxicity by inducing oxidative stress; however the effects of PS are dose-dependent.}, Keywords = {Training, Pumpkin Seed, Oxidative stress, Heart, H2O2}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {12-19}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-453-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-453-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Bordbarazari, Bita and Gholami, Mandana and Ebrahim, Khosrow and AbedNatanzi, Hossein and Ghazalian, Farsh}, title = {The effect of endurance training along with L-arginine supplementation on the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in postmenopausal hypertensive women}, abstract ={Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) including MMP2 and MMP9 play an important role in hypertension pathogenesis. The aim of present study was to identify the effect of endurance training along with L-arginine supplementation on the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in postmenopausal hypertensive women.  Materials and methods: The 40 postmenopausal hypertensive women’s (average age of 55.26 ± 2.56 years and BMI 28.61±1.18 kg/m2) randomly divided in four groups including placebo, L-arginine, endurance training and endurance training + L-arginine groups. Exercise training program conducted for 12 weeks with 60-75 percent of maximum heart rate. L-arginine consumption considered 6 g daily. Blood sampling performed in pre and posttest (48 hours after last training session or L-arginine consumption) stages and MMP2 and MMP9 were measured by ELISA method. Results: Present study findings indicated that L-arginine, training and training + L-arginine result in significant decrease of MMP-2, MMP-9 and systolic blood pressure (P<0.05). Moreover, the greatest reduction in MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels and systolic blood pressure were observed in training + L-arginine group. Conclusion: It seems that, L-arginine supplementation increases the antihypertensive effect of endurance training that partly related to decrease in MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels.}, Keywords = {Matrix metalloproteinase, L-arginine, Hypertension, Postmenopausal}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {20-28}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mami, Shahram and Gholami, Maryam and Ahmadi, Vahi}, title = {Investigating the simple and multiple correlation of emotional regulation with marital forgiveness and family efficacy in married female students of Islamic Azad University of Ilam}, abstract ={Introduction: Emotional regulation and marital forgiveness are among the factors that affect family efficacy. The present study was conducted to investigate the simple and multiple correlations of emotional regulation and marital forgiveness, and family efficacy in married female students of Islamic Azad University of Ilam.  Materials and methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. In order to conduct this research, 351 married female students were selected through convenience sampling method. For data collection, the marital forgiveness questionnaire, emotional regulation and efficacy scale were used. After collecting data, they were analyzed by SPSS software, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression. Results: there is a significant positive relationship between emotion regulation and family efficacy among married female students of Islamic Azad University (r = 0.49, P = 0.001). Also, there was a significant positive relationship between marital forgiveness and family efficiency in married female students of Islamic Azad University (r = 0.44, P = 0.001). In addition, the regression of the prediction of the efficacy of the students' family is significant regarding the variables of marital forgiveness and emotional regulation, so that the variables together predict 29% of the variance of the criterion variable (family efficacy in students).  Conclusion: Marital forgiveness and emotional regulation are effective in family efficacy in married female students. Educational authorities and activists should pay attention to the role of marital forgiveness and emotional regulation, and apply the results of the present study.}, Keywords = {Marital forgiveness, Emotional regulation, Family efficacy, Students, Married}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {29-36}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-426-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-426-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Pournaderi, Parisa Sadat and Yaghmaei, Parichehreh and Hejazi, Seyed Hossein and Noormohammadi, Zahra and Khodaei, Hamid Rez}, title = {The effects of ginger extract on cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in polycystic ovary syndrome rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, can be associated with problems, such as hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation and infertility. Ginger and its active components, have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and operates as an inducible enzyme with a number of inflammatory stimuli like PCOS. In this research, we evaluated the effects of ginger extract on ovarian COX-2 gene expression and reproductive improvement in PCOS rats. Materials and methods: After induction of PCOS (by Estradiol Valerate injection), the rats divided into, control, PCOS control, PCOS treated with ginger extract (150 and 300 mg/kg) groups. At the end of treatment period, biochemical factors were measured by ELISA kits and histological assessment was done. Then RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis of ovarian tissues was performed. The data were analized by one way ANOVA ,followed by Tucky test and gene expression data were evaluated by using ΔΔCT method. Statistical significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: Administration of ginger extract to PCOS treated groups, led to improved gonadotropin, sex steroids and ovarian functioning. In addition, treatment of the PCOS group with 300 mg/kg of ginger extract caused to reduce COX-2 gene expression significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: Ginger extract can act as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, and can use as a replacement of conventional synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs, in the chronic inflammatory conditions like PCOS.}, Keywords = {Ginger, Cyclooxygenase, PCOS,Gene expression}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {37-44}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-380-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-380-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghahramani, Mehran and Karbalaeifar, Sar}, title = {A comparison of the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on PGC-1α gene expression levels in the slow twitch (ST) and fast twitch (FT) muscles of rats with myocardial infarction}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the side effects of myocardial infarction(MI) is a change in slow contraction muscle phenotype to fast contraction due to decreased mitochondrial density. Mitochondrial biogenesis with its ability to create new mitochondria and increase mitochondrial density can minimize these complications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC-1α) gene expression levels in fast twitch (FT) and slow twitch muscle (ST)  muscles in rats with myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: For this purpose, 12 Wistar male rats with MI were divided into two experimental groups (30 minutes on a treadmill on a regular basis and 4 minutes running with a severity of 85-90% VO2 max and two minutes of active recovery with 50% -60% VO2max three days a week for eight weeks) and control (without exercise). The expression of PGC-1α genes was studied as an effective factor in mitochondrial biogenesis. Statistical data were analyzed with independent T-test in SPSS18. Results: The results showed that the expression of PGC-1α genes increased significantly in ST (P=0.012) and FT (P=0.001) muscles in rats with MI. Also, this increasing in the ST muscles was significantly higher than those in the FT muscles (P=0.000). Conclusion:  Generally, eight weeks of high intensity interval training increase mitochondrial biogenesis in ST and FT muscles of MI rats through effect on the PGC-1α gene expression.}, Keywords = {Myocardial infarction, Mitochondrial biogenesis, Interval training}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {45-51}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-445-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-445-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Shahrbanian, Shahnaz}, title = {Methodological challenges in measuring pain and how to overcome them}, abstract ={This paper discusses some of the main methodological challenges involved in carrying out research on pain, especially pain experienced by people with multiple sclerosis (MS). It starts by arguing the most common challenges in pain related research methodology, which will form the framework of this article. Within this framework, the issues include pain definition, the self-reported nature of pain, the complex and multidimensional nature of pain, confounders, study design, and other methodological challenges faced by researchers in using assessment tools and scales. Presenting a universal framework for pain measurement, suggesting appropriate study design, and using comprehensive assessment and appropriate statistical method to analyze the collected data will be the main solutions for those challenges that are discussing at the end of this paper. Finally, paper will end with a conclusion of study's implications and significance.}, Keywords = {Methodological challenges, Pain assessment, Multiple sclerosis, Disability, Structure equation modeling}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {52-65}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Nateghi, Behnaz and Rabieian, Reyhaneh and Salehi, Mansoor}, title = {Low hemoglobin level is the major cause of pain and hallux blur: A clinical case report}, abstract ={Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in adults. Anemia is world health problems and common medical conditions seen in clinical practice. We report the case of a 47-years-old woman who presented pain and obvious changes in hallux. With regard to available symptoms, special issues like strike, CLL, banned veins of foot and occult blood was guessed as a general mechanism of disease. But the result of performed tests and the effect of used drugs exclude all mentioned problems and low hemoglobin level was recognized as the only crucial cause of disease. With according to the results of blood counts and symptoms, disease for CLL, after performing tests and treatment of disease with iron supplementation, we recognized that particularly iron deficiency is the essential cause of disease.}, Keywords = {Hemoglobin, Blood, Cell blood count}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {66-68}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2019} }