@article{ author = {Arekhi, Soheil and Ghodsi, Alireza and Omranzadeh, Alireza and Rahimi, Hamid Rez}, title = {Does adaptive T cell immunity have any role in the pathophysiology and histopathology of Buerger\'s disease?}, abstract ={Buerger's disease is a clot forming vasculitis which can lead to severe complications such as amputation of extremities. It is more prevalent in young male smokers and has a higher occurrence in eastern regions of the globe. The risk factors which raise the susceptibility to this condition include infection, tobacco consumption, and genetic factors. It is also hypothesized that the LPS of oral commensal bacteria can lead to various immune reactions that are seen in this disease. Several pathways have been proposed to be responsible for this disease, and the main pathways are through the innate and adaptive immune systems. One of the controversial aspects of the pathophysiology of this disease is its relation to the T cell immunity; histopathology findings have shown T cell infiltration in the arterial wall. In this literature review, our aim was to review the articles published in relation to Buerger’s disease, and the conclusion was that the T cell adaptive immunity might have a fundamental role in the disease pathophysiology, however, further investigation is needed.}, Keywords = {Buerger`s disease, Thromboangiitis obliterans, T cells}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rajaei, Soheila and Doudi, Monir and Setorki, Mahbubeh and Ahadi, Ali Mohamm}, title = {Study of the antibacterial effects of Kombucha on the bacterial isolates from diabetic foot ulcer}, abstract ={Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most important metabolic diseases worldwide. Wound infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria can cause lower limbs ulceration and amputation in diabetic patients.The present study was performed with the aim of the evaluation of antibacterial effects of cellulose disc from kombucha- on bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study,bacterial were isolated from diabetic wounds and identified based on biochemical and molecular characterization. Then the antibacterial effect of Kombucha cellulose layer wasevaluated on the isolates using disc diffusion (qualitative) and agar dilution (quantitative) methods, and the data was statisticaly analyzed. Results: The most frequency of pathogenic bacteria that isolated in the present study from diabetic wounds were included 56% Escherichia coli (E.coli), 22% Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae), 6% Citrobacter diversus (C. diversus), 4% for each of Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes), Citrobacter freundii (C. freundii) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), and 2% for each of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). TheResults of antimicrobial effect of kombucha cellulose disc showed that the disc weighing 0.5 mg was effective on all bacteria during agar disk diffusion method and the largest diameter of the growth inhibition zone was related to MRSA (27.5 mm).The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Kombucha cellulose layer were 12.5 mg/ml on MRSA, 25 mg/ml on S. aureus, 75 mg/ml on  E. aerogenes, C. diversus and K. pneumonia, 71.15 mg/ml on E.coli, 85 mg/ml on E.cloacae, and 100 mg/ml on C. freundii. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the cellulose layer of Kombucha has excellent antibacterial effects against  infectious bacteria in diabetic wounds and can be used in various medical and therapeutic targets.}, Keywords = {Diabetic foot ulcer, Kombucha scoby, Antibiogram, Disk diffusion method}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {10-18}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-492-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-492-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Anwar, Farah and BilalSheikh, Anum and Taher, Tasneem and IqbalKhan, Minaam and Masoom, Aisha and Khursheed, Ashna and Saeed, Sidra and Nasim, Mazia and Sohail, Hassan and Fatima, Syeda Haya and Noor, Kehkashan and Ellahi, Mir Mahnoor and Azam, Mahnoor and Fatima, Kaneez}, title = {Prevalence and predictors of migraine among medical students in Karachi}, abstract ={Introduction: Migraine is a chronic health issue having a global prevalence of more than one billion people. Migraine impairs daily activities of sufferers and hence the academic performance of medical students as well. This study aimed to investigate the migraine prevalence among a sample of university medical students and to examine the predictors, trigger factors and impact of migraine among these students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three months, among the medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. Responses were collected using a self-administered questionnaire employing convenience sampling technique. The frequency, duration of attacks, severity, trigger factors, predictors and impact were measured for migraine cases. Independent t-test and chi-square test were used as the primary statistical tests. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics (version 24) was used for all the analyses. Results: The overall migraine prevalence among students was 52.3% with the majority of migraines occurring in females. Year of study, age of onset, frequency and pain intensity were significantly associated with migraine in (P<0.05) whereas age and gender were not (P>0.05). Stress (96.4%) and lack of sleep (92.8%) were the most frequent trigger factors of migraine while family history was the most common predictor (32.1%). Conclusion: Almost half of the medical students suffered from migraine with the majority being females. Reducing stress and improving sleep quality might be helpful in decreasing the migraine attacks in this population.}, Keywords = {Migraine, Prevalence, Predictors, Triggers, Impacts, Medical students, Pakistan}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-27}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Teymourivand, Youness and Hooshmandi, Zahra and Setorki, Mahbubeh and Amini, Sabrieh}, title = {Methanolic extract of Biarum carduchrum ameliorates seizures, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment in experimental models of epilepsy in rats}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Given the high prevalence of epilepsy and low availability of usual therapies, finding more effective drugs is essential for the treatment of epileptic patients. In the present study, the anti-epileptic property of the methanol extract of Biarum carduchrum (B. carduchrum) leaves was investigated on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindled rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, fifty Wistar rats were randomly grouped into five groups including 1: Control, 2: PTZ, 3: PTZ +  methanolic extract (100 and 200 mg/kg), and 4: PTZ + methanolic extract + flumazenil. The scores of epilepsy were investigated 30 min after PTZ injection. Behavioral tests including Shuttle box, Morris Water Maze, and tail suspension tests were done in the experimental groups. Finally, the rats under deep anesthesia; serum samples were given, and their brain tissue removed for biochemical tests, including malondialdehyde level, anti-oxidant capacity, and nitrite and nitrate levels. Results: B. carduchrum methanolic extract reduced the number of tunic seizures and jumps in treated animals. The extract also induced an improvement in the passive avoidance memory and spatial memory in the Morris Water Maze test and reduced the immobilization time in the tail suspension test. Treatment of PTZ kindled rats with B. carduchrum methanolic extract resulted in a decrease in the levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde as well as a significant increase in the antioxidant capacity of the brain tissue and serum. Conclusion: B. carduchrum methanolic extract can be used as an anti-epileptic agent for depression control, improvement of learning, and memory after complementary testing.}, Keywords = {Biarum carduchrum, PTZ-kindled rats, Behavioral tests, Antioxidant activity}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-40}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-540-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-540-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Heidari, Masoud and Hosseinpourfeizi, Mohammadali and SeyyedSani, Nasrin and Dastmalchi, Narges and SaeidMoradzadehTehrani, Mohammad and Soleyman-Nejad, Morteza and Safaralizadeh, Rez}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of PLGA-PAA nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol on inhibiting the colorectal cancer cell line HT-29 and underlying mechanism of action}, abstract ={Introduction: Chemotherapy was known as a potential approach for colon cancer therapy. Polymer-based nanocarriers prolong the circulation time of chemotherapeutic drugs, therefore anti-tumor drugs can passively accumulate in the malignant tumor position through the improved permeability and retention effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate anticancer potency of biodegradable and pH-sensitive nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol in HT-29 cancer cell line and the potential molecular mechanism of action of Hydroxytyrosol. Materials and Methods: The poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid (PLGA-co-PAA) nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol was synthesized, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects of both free and nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol. The relative expression of colorectal cancer associated-1 (COCA1) gene was investigated by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: We observed that free and nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol significantly decreased the viability of HT-29 cancer cells. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol on HT-29 cancer cells was significantly more than that of free Hydroxytyrosol. Also, the COLCA1 gene expression was up-regulated significantly in HT-29 cancer cells treated with either free or nano-encapsulated Hydroxytyrosol. Conclusion: Generally, we showed that the anticancer potency of Hydroxytyrosol was significantly increased by a biodegradable and pH-sensitive nanoparticle. However, further studies on animal models seem necessary.}, Keywords = {Colorectal cancer, PLGA-PAA copolymer, Hydroxytrylosol, COLCA1 gene}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-48}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-515-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-515-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shohani, Fatemeh and Mihandoust, Zeinab and Mami, Shahram}, title = {The effect of assertiveness and stress management training on reducing high-risk behaviors in adolescent girls}, abstract ={Introduction: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of assertiveness and stress management skills training on the reduction of high-risk behaviors in adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: One hundred two female students from the high schools of Ilam participated in this quasi-experimental study in the year 2020. Samples were selected by cluster sampling and were randomly assigned to two intervention groups and one control group. The samples were trained with assertiveness and stress management skills. Data were collected using a standard High Risk Behavior Questionnaire at two stages of pre-test and post-test and were analyzed using SPSS V. 22 and the statistical tests, Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann-Whitney. A P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: High-risk behaviors in the assertiveness group were less than the control group (P = 0.03), but substance use in the assertiveness group was higher than the control group (P = 0.001), and the results of the intervention did not have the necessary consistency. Training intervention in the stress management group showed that high-risk behaviors in this group did not change after training (P = 0.7), but substance use in the stress management group was lower than the control group (P = 0.001). High-risk behaviors in the stress management and assertiveness groups showed a significant difference compared to the control group (P = 0.03) and the results of the training intervention in terms of assertiveness showed consistency, but in the stress management group, the results showed lack of consistency and significance. In addition, substance use in the stress management and assertiveness groups was less than the control group, which was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Simultaneous implementation of assertiveness and stress management skills training with emphasis on substance use and high-risk behaviors in female students can have satisfactory effects.}, Keywords = {High-risk behavior, Female students, Stress management, Assertiveness}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {49-57}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-562-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-562-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {RiyahiMalayeri, Shahin and Hoseini, Masoumeh}, title = {The effect of acute exercise on vaspin and chemerin levels in obese men}, abstract ={Introduction: Vaspin and chemerin, secreted from adipose tissue, are associated with insulin resistance. vaspin and chemerin have been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, as well as decrease the risk of diabetes. The purpose of the research was to explain the effect of acute submaximal exercise on vaspin, chemerin and insulin resistance in obese men. Materials and Methods: Nine obese subjects were randomly selected with age (22.33 ± 1.87) and body mass index (31.16 ± 2.55). The acute exercise was the astrand bicycle ergometer test. The blood samples were taken from subjects before, immediately after exercise, and 30 minutes after exercise. Repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS 24 software were used to analysis of all data. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in vaspin level after acute exercise (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in insulin resistance and chemerin immediately after acute exercise and 30 minutes after exercise (P>0.05).  There was a significant correlation, after exercise, between vaspin and chemerin (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that acute submaximal exercise was effective in decreasing vaspin. But, response of chemerin to submaximal exercise was not significant. However, the exact effects of acute exercise on other adipocytokines are not clear yet.}, Keywords = {Vaspin, Chemerin, Obese, Acute exercis}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {58-66}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-528-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-528-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Gholaman, Masoumeh and Gholami, Mandana and Azarbayjani, Mohammad Ali and AbedNatanzi, Hossei}, title = {The effect of high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous training on the levels of cardiotrophin-1and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes}, abstract ={Introduction: Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) plays an important role in promoting the obesity related disorders including insulin resistance. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) on the levels of CT-1 and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six  women (average age of 46.95±3.49 years old, average weight of 79.5±5.7 kg) with type 2 diabetes randomly assigned in three equal groups including HIIT, MICT and control groups. Both training program conducted for 12 weeks and three session per week. Blood samples collected before and after intervention and serum levels of CT-1 and insulin were measured by ELISA method. Results: Between group analysis indicated a significant decrease of CT-1 levels in HIIT (P=0.002) and MICT (P=0.016) groups compared to control group, but no significant difference observed between HIIT and MICT groups (P=1.000). Paired t test analysis indicated that serum levels of CT-1 significantly decreased in both HIIT and MICT groups (P<0.001). Moreover, insulin resistance significantly decreased in HIIT and MICT groups compared to control group (P<0.001). Intragroup analysis indicated a significant decrease of insulin resistance in HIIT and MICT groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that, positive effects of HIIT and MICT protocols including improvement the insulin resistance are exerted by decreased the serum levels of CT-1. In addition, HIIT was no superior compared to MICT for observed changes in CT-1 levels and insulin resistance.}, Keywords = {Exercise training, Type 2 diabetes, Cardiotrophin-1}, volume = {8}, Number = {1}, pages = {67-75}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-572-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-572-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohebi, Meysam and ZarghamHajebi, Majid and Monirpour, Nader}, title = {The effectiveness of mindfulness-focused group therapy on students\' academic achievement excitement (Alexithymia) and the moderating role of trait and characteristics of elementary school students in Ilam City}, abstract ={Introduction: Mindfulness can be defined as the conscious awareness of the present that is associated with cognitive therapy and based on the presence of mind is a new promise in explaining the approach. On the other hand, adolescence, as a special period of development, is a sensitive and critical period in which people face problems and should find solutions to solve problems and deal with them. Therefore, the present study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness behavior cognitive therapy on mindfulness of students’ academic achievement and the moderating role of trait and state characteristics. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of all junior high school students in Ilam city. Through cluster random sampling, sixty students with high emotional distress were selected as the main sample of the study. Moreover, two scaling measures along with two questionnaires were used in order to collect the required data. Finally, multivariate analysis of covariance was applied to analyze the collected data. Results: The results revealed that mindfulness-based group therapy had a significant effect on trait and state characteristics of alexithymia school students in Ilam (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, it was found that mindfulness-based group therapy also influences the academic achievement emotions of Ilam elementary school students (P > 0.0001). Conclusion: Mindfulness through awareness and concentration, as one aspect of its effects on academic progress, helps the students with their studying and comprehension. It can also indirectly influence the students' academic progress in a positive manner through decreasing Alexithymia and increasing their mental health. Furthermore, it can influence the excitements of academy progress as well as alexithymia of middle school students of Ilam.}, Keywords = {Mindfulness, Academic Achievement Excitement, Alexithymia, Trait and Trait Characteristics, Students, Ilam City}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-3}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-473-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-473-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Aria, Behzad and Ayatollahi, Jamshid and Kargar, Hamideh}, title = {The role of physical activity and body mass index in the development and prevention of COVID-19}, abstract ={Introduction: Given the high spread and mortality rate of COVID-19, it is of great importance to find solutions to prevent it. In this study, the role of physical activity and body mass index in the development or prevention of COVID-19 was investigated. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants included 155 patients with coronavirus selected as the experimental group and 150 age-matched healthy people included in the control group. The participants' physical activity levels were assessed using Beck's physical activity questionnaire. Independent t-test and binary logistic regression were run to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the patient and control groups body mass index (BMI), and total physical activity (P <0.05). On the other hand, total physical activity had a significant effect on COVID-19 prevention (P <0.05), but BMI had a significant increasing effect on the risk of COVID-19 (P <0.05). Conclusion: It seems that physical activity can be effective in the prevention of COVID-19, but a higher body mass index may increase the risk for the development of COVID-19.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, Physical activity, Exercise, Women, Men}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {4-12}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-584-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-584-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Valizadeh, Mohammadreza and Karamshahi, Ali and Djafarian, Kurosh and Azizifar, Akbar}, title = {Classifying people based on fat by a Neuro-Fuzzy System}, abstract ={Introduction: Using BIA for body fat calculation is a normal method. The body fat factor is one of the most useful measures for assessing the risk of obesity. In this research, people are classified based on body fat. This research does not use any device. Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) which is widely used in medical sciences, has been used to predict the exact category of fat. Materials and Methods: A nutrition clinic in Tehran has collected 610 samples from its patients. Each data has six attributes: age, height, weight, BMI, gender, and fat percentage. Based on percentage fat, people are divided into six fat classes from very low fat to very high fat. This research uses ANFIS system to estimate body fat class. Age, height, weight, BMI, and gender are used as inputs of the system and fat class as output. Furthermore, for evaluating the proposed method, precision method is used. Results: This research used machine learning techniques (i.e., ANFIS) to predict the class of fat people without using costly tools. The data showed that our method has an accuracy of 90.83%. Conclusion: The results of this research show that using ANFIS can estimate accurately the category of body fat without any device. Therefore, it reduces diagnosis price.}, Keywords = {Learning algorithm, Body fat category, Data mining, ANFIS}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {13-19}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-486-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-486-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rajaei-Behbahani, Leila and Abbasi, Farid and Sadrzadeh-Afshar, Maryam-Sadat and Rajaei-Behbahani, Sara and Afshar, Shahl}, title = {Effects of tetracycline and Myrtus communis extract on the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers: A comparative study}, abstract ={Introduction: It is widely accepted that recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common recurrent oral ulcer. Since none of the various symptomatic therapies recommended for painful periods can affect the etiology of the disease, the goal is only to reduce the severity of the pain, irritation, and duration of the ulcers. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of tetracycline and Myrtus communis extract (Myrtex) on the treatment of RAS. Materials and Methods: The patients (n=54) enrolled in the study consisted of two groups of 26 and 28 people who received tetracycline and Myrtex, respectively. The case group received Myrtex solution and the control group received 250-mg tetracycline capsules. The patients in both groups kept the drug on the ulcer for 30 seconds four times a day. They answered the visual analogue scale (VAS) on days 0, 2, and 6 and were clinically examined to check any chenges in ulcer size and healing. Results: According to VAS analysis, the pain and irritation levels in the Myrtex group were 34.8% less than in the tetracycline group (P<0.02). The ulcer size was 40% higher on the second day in the Myrtex group than in the tetracycline group, which was statistically significant (P<0.02), but the ulcer size changes on the sixth day of follow-up were not statistically significant (P<0.15). Conclusion: According to the study, the administration of Myrtex is more effective in reducing the severity of pain and irritation and improving the quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended to prescribe Myrtex (Myrtex 5%) on the basis of the mentioned method for the treatment of minor aphthous.}, Keywords = {Recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Tetracycline, Myrtus communis extract, Visual analogue scale, Ulcer duration}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-26}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-494-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-494-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Homayounpour, Gholamreza and Hosseini, Mojgan and Keshavarzi, Fatemeh}, title = {Allele frequency of DYS393 and DYS19 in Iranian Kurdish men}, abstract ={Introduction: Repetitive Y sequences in evolutionary studies and tracing of human migration are useful indicators. This study aimed to investigate the allelic frequency and differentiation of DYS393 and DYS19 markers in 200 Iranian Kurdish men. Materials and Methods: The blood samples were collected from  200 unrelated Kurdish men that three generations of them were Kurd and lived in four Kurdish provinces of Iran (Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Ilam, and West Azerbaijan). After DNA extraction, two markers were evaluated using the Monoplex PCR technique, and then alleles were separated for each marker using the Real-time PCR technique. The obtained data were analyzed by HRM diagram and the final statistical calculations were analyzed by Genalex software (version 4.6). Results: The genetic diversity of DYS393 and DYS19 markers were 0.69, 0.607 and the number of alleles were 5 and 4 for each of the markers,  respectively. Also, the most allele frequency belonged to the alleles 14 and 12 in DYS393 and DYS19 markers, respectively. 12, 9, 8 and 7 haplotypes were belong to Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Azerbaijan and Ilam, respectively, and 2, 1 and 1 specific haplotypes were also observed in Kermanshah, Kurdistan and Azerbaijan provinces, respectively.  In addition, Kermanshah province has the highest amount of N_e and H_e, therefore, it has the most influential haplotypes in the population. Conclusion: The loci studied in the Kurdish population of the west of Iran has a high haplotype diversity and has close similarity with the Caucasian Kurdish immigrants, the Iranian population and the Turkish Kurds. The desired loci can also be used in forensic programs.}, Keywords = {DYS393, DYS19, Iranian Kurdish, HRM}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {27-34}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-538-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Javadifar, Kobra and Gaeini, Abbas Ali and Haddadi, Rasool and Ravasi, Ali Asghar}, title = {Interactive effect of endurance exercise, resistance exercise, and cold weather on irisin changes in diabetic male rats}, abstract ={Introduction: The irisin hormone secreted by human and mouse muscles has positive effects on obesity and diabetes and can be a promising alternative to in treatment for of metabolic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of eight weeks of endurance and resistance exercise activity activities and exposure to cold temperatures on plasma irisin levels in of diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Number of 46 obese male Wistar rats (12-week-old) weighing 325 ± 2 g with type 2 diabetes mellitus-induction of diabetes by STZ injection- were randomly divided into six groups. Two groups received the resistance exercise (8 weeks, three days a week, eight repetitions per day, fence length 1.35 m and slope 85 degrees) at normal (23 ± 2 °C) and cold (16 ± 2 °C) temperatures, two groups were allocated to endurance exercise (8 weeks, five days a week, at a speed of 20 meters per minute and a slope of 15%) at the normal and cold temperatures, the last two groups were control groups (without training intervention) at the ordinary and cold temperatures. 48 hours after the last training session, serum samples were collected while the rats were in fasting. Irisin levels were assessed by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using Spss SPSS software version 16 and one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P<0.05). Results: The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant increase in serum irisin values in groups of endurance exercise and resistance exercise compared with control groups in both temperatures (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between fasting blood sugar levels in the endurance exercise and resistance exercise groups compared with the control groups at both temperatures (P<0.05). A significant decrease in the ratio of LDL to HDL was observed in the groups of endurance exercise and resistance exercise groups compared to the control groups at both temperatures (P<0.05). Conclusion: Endurance and resistance exercises increase irisin protein and decrease fasting blood sugar and the ratio of LDL to HDL. It seems that irisin may be used as a possible treatment to improve diabetes, the change of lipid profile, and energy homeostasis.}, Keywords = {Cold temperature, Endurance exercise, Irisin, Ordinary temperature, Resistance exercise, Diabetic rat}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-524-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-524-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Alavi, Abouzar and Rezaeian, Najmeh and Ganji, Reza and Yaghoubi, Ali}, title = {Effect of blood flow restriction on serum levels of some factors of muscle atrophy in male elite athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction}, abstract ={Introduction: The cellular mechanisms preventing muscle atrophy after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) regeneration are not well understood. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction (BFR) training on serum levels of some muscle atrophy factors in male athletes after ACL reconstruction surgery. Materials and methods: Twenty male athletes after ACL reconstruction surgery were selected and randomly divided into two groups of BFR training and control (10 in each group). Subjects in both groups performed resistance training (at intensity of 30 to 70 percentage of 10 repetition maximum, 2- 4 sets) for 12 weeks. Furthermore, subjects in the training group performed BFR training (resistance training combined with putting the pressure cuff in the upper thigh at a pressure of 120-180 mm Hg) during 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and 48 hours after the last training session and used for analyzing serum levels of atrogin 1 and muscle RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1). Data analysis was done by analysis of covariance and paired t test, and P<0.05 considered significant. Results: Twelve weeks of BFR training significantly decreased serum levels of atrogin 1 (P=0.01) and MuRF1 (P=0.035) in the post-test compared to the pre-test. In addition, significant differences were observed between the BFR and control groups for atrogin 1 levels (P=0.047). Conclusion: The findings showed that BFR training reduces the concentration of major proteins associated with muscle atrophy such as atrogin-1 and MuRF1 and plays an important role in inhibiting atrophy and consequently can increase muscle mass following injury.}, Keywords = {Blood Flow Restriction, Muscle Atrophy, Anterior cruciate ligament}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-550-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-550-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Babaei, Mohammad and KalantariHesari, Ali and Soltani, Salm}, title = {Evaluation of the Camphor effects on histological parameters of skin in adult mice and the protective role of vitamin E}, abstract ={Introduction: Camphor is known to Asian nations for many centuries. The camphor can be used in traditional medicine as an aromatic substance, sexual thrills controller, for cosmetic uses such as the rose color of skin, stimulating blood circulation and respiratory system, mental stimuli, hair removal. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of camphor on the skin parameters and the protective role of vitamin E as a potent antioxidant in the treatment of complications of camphor. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 male mice (BALB/c) with 20-25 gr weight were used randomly in 5 groups. The control group received normal saline, and two of the groups as control-sham received olive oil alone and the combination of the vitamin E and olive oil. Finally, two experimental groups received camphor alone (30 mg/kg) with daily rubbing on the interscapular region and camphor with vitamin E (100 mg/kg) daily by gavage for 35 days. At the end of the period, the skin samples were taken, and after tissue processing and preparing sections, histological parameters were evaluated. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in the number of hair follicles, changes in dermal thickness, and a maximum depth of follicles in the group received the camphor. While the vitamin E was slightly able to reduce the effects of camphor (P <0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that camphor causes a decrease in hair follicles, and vitamin E as an antioxidant can improve the adverse effects of camphor on skin quality.}, Keywords = {Camphor, Vitamin E, Skin, Hair, Mice}, volume = {8}, Number = {2}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-589-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-589-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Jahantabi, Alireza and Hosseini, Farzaneh and Asgharzadeh, Mohammad and AkhavanSepehi, Abbas and SamadiKafil, Hossei}, title = {Identification of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection}, abstract ={Introduction: Recentlly, resistance to antibiotics has increased and antibiotic-resistant strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have emerged among Enterobacteriaceae, mainly in Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this study we aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic ESBL production in isolated E. coli from women with urinary tract infection (UTI). Materials and Methods: In total, 92 E. coli isolates were collected from patients with UTI. The antimicrobial susceptibility of all E. coli isolates were investigated. Morover, Mast D68C test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for phenotypic and genotypic investigation of ESBLs in the studied isolates. Results: Totally, 92 isolates of E. coli were investigated, among which 51 (55.4%) isolates were resistant to cefotaxime/ceftazidime. Theise resistante isolates were included in the study. Among the resistant isolates, 40 (78.4%) cases were ESBL producers. Moreover, all the 40 isolates were observed with both CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-14 resistance genes. Conclusion: In general, high increasing prevalence of ESBL producer E. coil isolates of E. coil is a serious problem in the investigated region. Therefore, development of a rapid and simple method is essential to for the identification of various ESBL producer isolates.}, Keywords = {Urinary tract infection, Escherichia coli, Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, CTX-M}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-574-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-574-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {EsmailiRad, Naeimeh and ZarghamHajebi, Majid and Monirpour, Nader}, title = {The effectiveness of metacognitive skills on goal orientation and academic procrastination of 9-12 years old students with specific learning disabilities}, abstract ={Introduction: Procrastination is not only observed in individuals but is one of the tendencies of the human beings influenced by culture. Academic procrastination is considered as the most common form of the condition. Among the factors affecting learning are meta-cognitive styles that include beliefs and behavioral preferences. Academic procrastination is a voluntarily postponing the completion of activities and assignments affecting aspects of personal and academic life negatively. The current inspection dealt with the effectiveness of metacognitive skills on goal orientation and academic procrastination of students within the age range of 9-12 years old with specific learning disabilities. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of 150 students within the age range of 9-12 years old with specific learning disabilities in Qom city. Through random sampling, thirty students with learning disabilities were selected as the main sample of the study. Moreover, two scaling measures along with two questionnaires as the goal orientation and academic procrastination (each having particular scales) were used in order to collect the required data. Finally, multivariate analysis of covariance was applied to analyze the collected data. Results: The findings of this quasi-experimental research revealed that metacognitive skills had a significant effect on improvement of students with disabilities in Qom (P <0.0001). Furthermore, it was found that metacognitive skills also influenced the academic procrastination and goal orientation of Qom students for the experimental group with special disabilities (P <0.0001). Conclusion: Metacognitive skills, aspect of affecting academic progress, helps the students with special learning disabilities in goal orientation and academic procrastination. They influence the students' academic progress in a positive manner through controlling thoughts, feelings, and performance. Furthermore, metacognitive skills culminate in progress motivation, verbal comprehension, language learning, perception, attention, memory, problem solving, social cognition, and more.}, Keywords = {Metacognitive skills, Objective orientation, Academic procrastination, Specific learning difficulties}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {8-17}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-522-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Deyhimi, Parviz and Maleki, Laleh and TayefiNasrAbadi, Adel}, title = {Gingival involvement in patients with autoimmune mucocutaneous diseases}, abstract ={Introduction: Growing evidence indicates that the incidence of autoimmune diseases has remarkably increased in recent decades. In many cases, oral manifestations are the first signs of autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of gingival involvement in patients with autoimmune mucocutaneous diseases referred to Isfahan Dental School during a thirty-year period (1989-2018). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, the data of 848 patients with autoimmune mucocutaneous diseases, referred to Pathology Department of Isfahan Dental School from 1989 to 2018, were reviewed. The obtained data were fed into SPSS-22 software and analyzed by central and dispersion indices and one-way ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The most common autoimmune mucocutaneous disease was lichen planus (n =556) and the least common was erythema multiforme (n =10). The highest gingival involvement was related to pemphigoid disease (40.8%) and the least gingival involvement was seen in erythema multiforme (10%). Conclusion: Considering the high frequency of gingival involvement in autoimmune diseases and the significance of its diagnosis, dentists can play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and early treatment of patients with autoimmune mucocutaneous disease.}, Keywords = {Autoimmune disease, Gingiva, Gingivitis, Oral lichen planus}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {18-23}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-568-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-568-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sarokhani, Mandana and Sayehmiri, Kourosh and Ahmadi, Vahid and Mami, Shahram}, title = {Predicting suicidal thoughts using depression, anxiety and premenstrual syndrome patterns in female students of Ilam universities}, abstract ={Introduction: Suicide is one of the major mental health problems. One of the most important ways to prevent suicide is to identify people with suicidal thoughts and also to identify the factors that can affect suicidal thoughts. The aim of this study was to predict suicidal thoughts in female students of Ilam universities. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 331 female students of Ilam universities in May to August 2020 participated by cluster sampling using an online questionnaire. Suicidal thoughts was measured using Beck Suicide Scale Thoughts, Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) was measured using 19 indicators of Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) and depression and anxiety using DASS42 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Linear and logistic regression models were used to predict suicidal thoughts. Results: Suicidal thoughts had a significant relationship with depression, anxiety, and premenstrual symptoms (P<0.01). The results of univariate logistic showed that the prevalence of suicidal thoughts in people with extremely severe and severe depression was 33 and 13 times higher than those without depression and in people with extremely severe and severe anxiety was 9 and 4 times higher than in people without anxiety (P<0.001). Suicidal thoughts were 3 times more common in people with severe PMS symptoms than in those with mild symptoms (P=0.002). Conclusion: The results showed that anxiety, depression, and PMS have a direct and significant relationship with suicidal thoughts in female  students of Ilam Universities. Therefore, by providing mental health services and screening for mental disorders and premenstrual symptoms, an effective step can be taken to prevent suicide among students.}, Keywords = {Suicidal thoughts, Depression, Anxiety, Symptoms of PMS}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {24-31}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-573-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-573-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Fatahi, Mohamad and Behpoor, Naser and Hosseinpourdelavar, Sedighe and Farzaneghi, Parvi}, title = {The effect of aerobic exercise combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on inflammatory biomarkers levels of the brain in a model of osteoarthritic rat}, abstract ={Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that has many public health problems. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α) are considered as the main factors regulating inflammation and pathology of knee osteoarthritis. This study was done to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and aerobic training on inflammatory biomarkers (IL-10 and TNF- α) in the brain tissue of osteoarthritic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=8 in each group) as follows: 1. Naive (healthy control), 2. Osteoarthritis (Ost), 3. Osteoarthritis + saline (Sal), 4. Osteoarthritis + mesenchymal cells (Mes), 5. Osteoarthritis + training (Tra), and 6. Osteoarthritis + training + mesenchymal cells (Tra + Mes). An essential aerobic exercise program was performed for eight weeks as follows:  Speed: 15-22 meters per minute; Slope: 0o for 25-64 minutes. Inflammatory biomarkers, including TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines, in the brain tissue of rats, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The combination of training and treatment with MSCs in the brain of osteoarthritic rats significantly increased the level of IL-10 in comparison with the use of MSCs or aerobic exercise alone. Moreover, the combined use of exercise and MSCs caused a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration. Conclusion: It seems that the combined use of MSCs and eight weeks of aerobic exercise improves the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers in the brain of a rat model of osteoarthritis.}, Keywords = {Exercise, Osteoarthritis, Inflammation, Stem cells}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {32-39}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sanei, Neda Sadat and Danaei, Abolfazl and Hematian, Hadi}, title = {Investigating the impacts of employees’ psychological empowerment on factors affecting organizational change among the Medical Sciences Universities of Khorsan Razavi province}, abstract ={Introduction: Nowadays, business markets are dynamic and unpredictable and they require organizations that repeatedly implement and follow change. So, the present study aims to investigate the effect of employees’ psychological empowerment on factors affecting the organizational change of Khorasan Razavi University of Medical Sciences and to present an appropriate model. Materials and Methods: This research was a correlation research and had a survey-exploratory method. The statistical population of the study were all managers and employees (formal, temporary to permanent and contractual) of the staff of Khorasan Razavi University of Medical Sciences in 2009 from which 291 people were selected as a sample by the availability sampling method. The tool was a questionnaire that the researcher has designed and compiled based on the experts' ideas and its validity and reliability have been confirmed. Data analysis was also performed by Bartlett’s test of sphericity and correlation matrix and factor analysis. Results: Findings show that psychological empowerment and each of its components such as competence, autonomy, effectiveness and meaningfulness of the job, has a positive and significant effect on the factors affecting organizational change. Conclusion: According to the research findings, it can be concluded that before any action in organizational change, managers and policy makers should consider the capabilities of familiarity and employees' psychological with the category of change; Because implementers of these changes will be employees in the organization and if they show psychological resistance to change, the change program leads to failure or would be difficult to implement.}, Keywords = {Psychological empowerment, Organizational change, University of Medical Sciences, Structural equation}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {40-48}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-553-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-553-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bagheri, Marzieh and Javidi, Hojjatallah and Hossini, Seyed Ebrahim and Sohrabi, Naderh}, title = {Examining the correlation of Apgar with cognitive development and symptoms of behavioral disorders among children and adolescents aged 5, 8, and 12 years old}, abstract ={Introduction: Prenatal events such as premature birth, low birth weight, and low Apgar score can affect life after birth. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between birth Apgar score and cognitive development and symptoms of behavioral disorders in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: In the present study 300 children aged 5-12 years old entered the study. Neonatal Apgar score and other information related to the neonatal at birth were extracted from delivery records. Cognitive development was evaluated by the Raven's Coloured Progressive. Symptoms of behavioral disorders were assessed by the Rutter Behavioral Disorders Questionnaire for parents and the validity of 97% and reliability of 92% were achieved. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The correlation between Apgar score and cognitive development was equal to 0.351 which was significant at P < 0.001. there was a significant relationship between Apgar score and cognitive development. Also, the correlation between Apgar score and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), antisocial behavior, maladaptation, anxiety, and aggression was 0.368, 0.265, 0.419, 0.434, and 0.553, respectively. All of them were significant at P < 0.001, i.e., there was a significant inverse relationship between Apgar and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, antisocial behavior, maladaptation, anxiety, as well as aggression. Conclusion: Factors that reduce the Apgar score at birth can affect cognitive development and behavior in childhood and adolescence and cause many problems. On the other hand, more hospitalization of these infants in their intensive care unit can lead to disruption in child development.}, Keywords = {Apgar score, Cognitive development, Symptoms of behavioral disorders, Children and adolescents}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {49-54}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Afshar, Shahla and Afrasiabi, Seyed-Arash and Sadrzadeh-Afshar, Maryam-Sadat and Rajaei-Behbahani, Sara and Rajaei-Behbahani, Leil}, title = {Effects of Beclomethasone and Adcortyl in the treatment of Erosive Oral Lichen planus lesions: A Comparative Study}, abstract ={Introduction: Lichen planus (LP) is a common chronic immune-mediated mucocutaneous disease, the exact cause of which is unknown. One of the common treatments for erosive lichen planus (ELP) is the use of topical corticosteroids of adcortyl ointment (triamcinolone in orabase). On the other hand, beclomethasone spray as a topical corticosteroid is easy to use in the mouth. The purpose of this comparative study was to investigate the effects of beclomethasone and adcortyl in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus lesions (EOLP). Materials and Methods: The present single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 50 patients with EOLP lesions with a mean age of 40.55 years at Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Beclomethasone and adcortyl were co-administered on lesions in both sides of the mucosa of the cheek, gums or margin of tongue for 3 to 6 weeks, after which the dose was adjusted. Visual analogue scale was used to evaluate the effect of drugs. Data were analyzed by paired t-test, Wilcoxon and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests (α = 0.05). Results: The results of this study showed that there was no difference between applying beclomethasone and adcortyl in terms of reducing the extent and severity of EOLP lesions, and adcortyl was more effective than beclomethasone in relieving pain symptoms (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The therapeutic effects of the adcortyl and beclomethasone were similar in controlling the EOLP lesions. Adcortyl was more effective than beclomethasone in relieving pain and irritation symptoms.}, Keywords = {Oral lichen planus, Erosive, Topical corticosteroid, Beclometasone, Adcortyl}, volume = {8}, Number = {3}, pages = {55-62}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Setorki, Mahbubeh}, title = {Effects of harmalol on scopolamine-induced memory disorders, anxiety and depression like behaviors in male mice: A behavioral and molecular study}, abstract ={Introduction: Harmalol is a dihydrocarboline compound found naturally in several alcoholic beverages and medicinal plants. This study was designed to investigate the effect of harmalol on memory function and its possible mechanisms in a scopolamine-induced memory disorder model. Materials and Methods: Thirty five male mice were randomly divided into five (n=7) group: Control group )normal saline(, scopolamin   group (scopolamine at a dose of 1 mg / kg)  and treatment groups (harmalol in three doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg / kg with scopolamine) for 21 days.  Behavioral tests were performed after the treatment period. The mice were then subjected to deep anesthesia and blood and brain tissue samples were obtained. Results: Harmalol significantly decreased latency to reach the hidden platform in spatial memory test and secondary latency in passive avoidance memory test and immobility time in the forced swimming test compared to scopolamine group (P < 0.05). This compound, at the dose of 20 mg/kg, showed a significant increase in the number of crossing and standing on two legs in open field test (P < 0.05). Furthermore, harmalol treatment decreased brain malondialdehyde and nitric oxide  levels, enhanced the total antioxidant capacity, and also increased the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)  in the hippocampus (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study emphasizes that harmalol improves scopolamine-induced memory loss by modulating acetylcholinesterase activity and increasing BDNF in the hippocampus of  mice. Therefore, harmalol may be a promising therapeutic drug to prevent amnesia and cognitive deficits associated with aging or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. Introduction: Harmalol is a dihydrocarboline compound found naturally in several alcoholic beverages and medicinal plants. This study was designed to investigate the effect of harmalol on memory function and its possible mechanisms in a scopolamine-induced memory disorder model. Materials and Methods: Thirty five male mice were randomly divided into five (n=7) group: Control group )normal saline(, scopolamin   group (scopolamine at a dose of 1 mg / kg)  and treatment groups (harmalol in three doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg / kg with scopolamine) for 21 days.  Behavioral tests were performed after the treatment period. The mice were then subjected to deep anesthesia and blood and brain tissue samples were obtained. Results: Harmalol significantly decreased latency to reach the hidden platform in spatial memory test and secondary latency in passive avoidance memory test and immobility time in the forced swimming test compared to scopolamine group (P < 0.05). This compound, at the dose of 20 mg/kg, showed a significant increase in the number of crossing and standing on two legs in open field test (P < 0.05). Furthermore, harmalol treatment decreased brain malondialdehyde and nitric oxide  levels, enhanced the total antioxidant capacity, and also increased the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)  in the hippocampus (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study emphasizes that harmalol improves scopolamine-induced memory loss by modulating acetylcholinesterase activity and increasing BDNF in the hippocampus of  mice. Therefore, harmalol may be a promising therapeutic drug to prevent amnesia and cognitive deficits associated with aging or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.}, Keywords = {Scopolamine, Harmalol, Memory deficits, Mice}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-590-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-590-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SadeghiEshtehardi, Fatemeh and Peeri, Maghsoud and Azarbayjani, Mohammad Ali}, title = {The effect of circuit resistance training with 40, 60 and 80 percent of one-repetition maximum on the levels of IL-10, IL-1β and body fat percent in obese postmenopausal women}, abstract ={Introduction: Adipose tissue plays an important role in increasing systemic inflammation and exercise training result in modulating inflammation by decreasing adipose tissue. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks circuit resistance training with 40, 60 and 80 percent of one-repetition maximum (1RM) on the levels of IL-10, IL-1β and body fat percent in obese postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Forty four  postmenopausal women (average age of 56.07 ± 3.18 years old) randomly divided into four group (each group 11 subjects) including the control and circuit resistance training with 40 (RT40), 60 (RT60) and 80 (RT80) percentage of 1RM. Exercise training program was conducted for 12 weeks and three session per week. Blood samples collected before and after the exercise training period. The ELISA method was used to measure the levels of IL-10 and IL-1β and data analysis performed with Graphpad Prism software. Results: IL-10 levels in trained groups compared to control group indicated significant increase (P < 0.05), in which the increase in RT60 (P = 0.014) and RT80 (P < 0.001) groups were also significant compared to the RT40 group. In addition, significant decrease of IL-1β in RT40 (P = 0.003), RT60 (P < 0.001) and RT80 (P < 0.001) groups compared to control group were observed, as such, IL-1β decrease in RT80 group compared to RT40 (P < 0.001) and RT60 (P = 0.001) group was also significant. Moreover, different intensity circuit resistance training was associated with decrease in percent body fat (P < 0.05), which further decreases reported in the RT60 and RT80 groups. Conclusion: Despite the anti-inflammatory effects of different intensities of circuit resistance training, the higher intensity of exercise training can be associated with greater effectiveness in reducing inflammation and strengthening the anti-inflammatory pathways.}, Keywords = {Menopause, Circuit resistance training, Inflammation, Obesity, IL-10, IL-1β}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {13-22}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-563-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-563-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Vaezi, Maryam and Yaghmaei, Parichehreh and Ebrahim-Habibi, Azadeh and Hayati-Roodbari, Nasim and Irani, Shiv}, title = {The effect of Nitrochalcone on biochemical indicators and PPAR-α gene expression in nonalcoholic male NMRI mice steatosis model}, abstract ={Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and decrease in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) expression. Nitrochalcone is effective ingredient of chalcones with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-hyperglycemic properties. This study examined the effect of intraperitoneal (IP) administration of nitrochalcone in a mouse model with non-alcoholic steatosis. Materials and Methods: In this study, 94 male NMRI mice were assigned to control and experimental groups. The Normal control group (NC) was given normal rodent diet The experimental group was subjected to high fat diet for 4 weeks, which induced NAFLD, then the experimental group was divided in to 5 in vivo subgroups (n=12 in each), High fat (HF) Sham (receiving grapes seed oil), Positive control groups (C+: receiving silymarin (80mg/kg) by intra peritoneal injection (IP)) and Experimental Nitrochalcone groups (EN1, EN2, EN3) receiving nitro chalcone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) by IP during 4 weeks. Protective groups received high-fat diet and Nitrochalcone 20 mg/kg simultaneously for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatments, biochemical parameters, liver enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and expression of PPAR-α were determined. Results: The serum levels of some biochemical parameters such as cholesterol glucose, liver enzymes, and insulin significantly increased in the HF group in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001). Nitrochalcone (20 mg/ kg) decreased liver enzymes levels as compared with the HF and Sham group (P < 0.001). The highest percentage of increase in PPARα gene expression was observed in EN3 group, as compared with the controls. Conclusion: HF diet caused steatohepatitis through insulin resistance, impaired lipid profile, increased glucose and liver enzyme levels. Furthermore, the diet decreased antioxidants, adiponectin, leptin and PPARα levels, and made fibrosis in the liver. Nitrochalcone improved this condition in a dose-dependent manner, and resulted in elevated PPARα expression.}, Keywords = {NAFLD, NMRI mice, Nitrochalcone, PPAR-α}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {23-31}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-429-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-429-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Zare-Bidaki, Majid and Allahyari, Elaheh and Nikoomanesh, Fatemeh and Ebrahimzadeh, Azadeh}, title = {A Comparative Analysis of Nosocomial Infections between Internal and Surgical Intensive Care Units of University Hospitals in Birjand, Iran from 2016 to 2017: A Retrospective Study}, abstract ={Introduction: This research was a retrospective study on the prevalence of nosocomial infections (NIs) and the associated risk factors among the patients admitted to the surgery and internal Intensive Care Units (ICU). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients admitted to ICUs over one year. Clinical data of patients, including demographic information, length of stay, underlining disease, the rate of patients with NIs and distribution of NIs sites and pathogens were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were run to determine the factors associated with NIs. Results: Collectively, 1018 patients were studied, including patients admitted to surgical ICU (n = 665) and internal ICU (n = 353). The incidence rate of NI in the surgical and internal ICUs was 67 (10.1%) and 96 (27.2%), respectively. The most NIs in the internal ICU were respiratory tract infections (RTI, 46.9%) and urinary tract infections (UTI, 37.5%), while the common infections in the surgical ICU were respiratory tract infections (RTI, 38.3%) and surgical-site infections (SSI, 22.0%), respectively. The major risk factors, length of stay and use of nasogastric intubation (NG tubes), were associated with NIs in both ICUs. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the incidence of infections in the internal ICU was more than the surgical ICU. Age, underlying diseases, the long stay, and use of ventilator and NG tube were of factors associated with NIs rate in internal ICU.}, Keywords = {Nosocomial Infections, Risk factors, Intensive care units, Medical devices}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {32-41}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-576-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-576-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hoseleh, Ali and Yaghoubi, Ali and Aryamanesh, Amir Shariar and Rezaeian, Najmeh}, title = {Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Serum Levels of Some Muscle Growth Factors in Male Athletes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery}, abstract ={Introduction The cellular mechanisms of muscular hypertrophy resulting from Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training have not been well studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of BFR on serum levels of proxis-1-alpha (PGC-1α), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and myostatin in male athletes after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Materials and Methods: 20 people were selected from the volunteers and randomly divided into 2 groups (10 people in each group) 1. BFR exercise; 2- Control. Subjects in both groups performed resistance training movements in 2 to 4 sets with an intensity of 30 to 70% RM. The subjects in the BFR group performed resistance training movements by closing the pressure cuff in the upper thigh with a pressure of 120 to 180 mm Hg. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and paired t-test. Results: The results showed that 12 weeks of BFR training significantly increased the serum concentration of IGF-1 and significantly decreased the serum levels of myostatin in the post-test compared to the pre-test (P = 0.009). The results also showed that BFR training did not have a significant effect on serum PGC-1α concentration. Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that BFR training leads to changes in serum levels of myostatin and IGF-1, which is of particular importance compared to traditional resistance training.}, Keywords = {Blood flow restriction, Myostatin, Hypertrophy, Anterior cruciate ligament injury}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {42-49}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-552-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-552-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Mozhg}, title = {The effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on nesfatin, irisin and resistin and gene expression of PGC-1α in Wistar rats}, abstract ={Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on nesfatin, irisin and resistin and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 1-alpha (PGC-1α) gene in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats (weight 300-250 g) were selected and randomly assigned into three groups: baseline control, eight-week control and HIIT training. The experimental group performed training protocol 4 days a week during 8 weeks, while the control group had no training program. To measure the levels of serum irisin, nesfatin, and resistin, the immunoassay method was used. Additionally, the real-time PCR method was applied to evaluate the relative PGC-1α mRNA level in soleus muscle. Independent T-test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results suggested that there was no significant difference between the concentration of nesfatin, irisin and resistin in the baseline control group compared to the eight-week control group (P > 0.05). HIIT increased the concentrations of nesfatin-1 and irisin (P = 0.0001), and significantly decreased resistin (P = 0.0001). Furthermore, eight weeks of HIIT significantly increased the PGC-1α mRNA (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, HIIT would possibly help to improve the levels of the factors, nesfatin, irisin, resistin and PGC-1α which involved in the energy balance homoeostasis.}, Keywords = {High-intensity interval training, Nesfatin, Irisin, Resistin, PGC-1α, Rats}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {50-59}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Montazer, Shila and Gholami, Mandana and Azarbayjani, Mohammad Ali and AbedNatanzi, Hossei}, title = {Effects of aerobic training and omega-3 supplementation on the levels of CRP, MDA and lipid profile in overweight and obese women}, abstract ={Introduction: Exercise training and omega 3 supplements play an important role in modulating the levels of oxidative and inflammatory mediators. The present study conducted aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic training and omega-3 supplementation on the levels of oxidative (MDA) and inflammatory (CRP) mediators and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Materials and Methods: The 40 overweight and obese women (BMI = 29.1 ± 6.9 kg/m2) randomly assigned to four groups (10 subjects in each group) including placebo (C), omega-3 (S), training (T) and training + omega 3 (ST) groups. Aerobic training program was performed with 50-70 percent of maximum heart rate for eight weeks/three sessions per week. Daily 2000 mg omega 3 supplement were also consumed by S and ST groups. The MDA, CRP and lipid profile levels were measured and data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 24). Results: Significant decrease in CRP levels in S (P = 0.014), T (P = 0.030) and ST (P < 0.001) groups compared to C group, and significant decrease in MDA levels in T and ST groups compared to C and S groups were observed (P < 0.05). In addition, lipid profile indicated a significant improvement in T and ST groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite the aerobic training and training + omega-3 supplement effects in decreasing levels of CRP, MDA and lipid profile improvement, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. It seems that, eight weeks omega-3 ingestion along with aerobic training don’t exert a synergistic effect.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Omega-3}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {60-70}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-581-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-581-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mehrparvar, Mohaddeseh and Faezi, Mozhgan and Taleghani, Ferial and Rejeh, Nahid and Ghafari, Ramin and Hojati, Roghayeh}, title = {Evaluation of oral health attitude and behaviors in medical science students of Shahed University}, abstract ={Introduction: Medical staffs are important and accessible source for gathering health information such as oral health. As a result, their increased Knowledge can lead to improvement of their own and their patients' health habits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Oral Hygiene Index simplified (OHI-S) and its relationship with attitudes toward oral health behaviors of medical science students. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Persian version of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI) and OHI-S evaluation were used. The questionnaire was completed by 118 medical Science students of Shahed University in 2018 and then the teeth were examined. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Dental students with an average score of 6.06 had the highest average compared to other fields (P < 0.05). Average scored of clinical dental students higher than preclinical students. According to the results, people with a more favorable OHI-S are less bothered by the color of their gums and spend more time examining their teeth in the mirror. Conclusion: Compared to other fields, dental students had better attitudes toward oral health and scored higher. Better oral health-related behaviors were observed in this group. Oral health education should be emphasized for other disciplines.  }, Keywords = {HU-DBI, OHI-S, Oral health, Student}, volume = {8}, Number = {4}, pages = {71-78}, publisher = {ilam university of medical sciences}, url = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-544-en.html}, eprint = {http://jbrms.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-544-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-0506}, eissn = {2383-0972}, year = {2021} }