Evaluation of the Curricula of Basic Sciences: A Study at Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2 2 Introduction: Curriculum management is essential for improving the quality of educational programs in healthcare. The structure of curriculum must be customized according to the scientific needs and requirements. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the Curricula of basic medical sciences from the experts point of views. Materials and Methods: In the study a combination of exploratory and Delphi research methods was used. At first, based on detailed studying of theoretical foundations, we extracted the first round of Delphi questions and provided them for the expert group. Using content analysis, the codes, categories, and finally, items were extracted. The items obtained were scored in a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and Interquartile Range (IQR) metric. Results: According to the data extracted, the expert group identified the content of basic sciences curricula in Ilam University of Medical Sciences under the following categories: Content with low-level comprehensiveness, out-of-date content, content with low-level of practical application, bulky content, and content having a weak relationship with the objectives of the curriculum. Conclusion: Based on the research, the most significant problems of the basic sciences curricula were the low agreement of the content with educational objectives, low-level comprehensiveness, and finally, low-level practical application. 1 8 2021/08/9 1400/5/18 2021/12/21 1400/9/30 Reza Dadfar Reza Dadfar Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Iran info_dadfar@yahoo.com Mahboubeh Arefi Mahboubeh Arefi Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Iran M-Arefi@sbu.ac.ir Kourosh Fathi Vajargah Kourosh Fathi Vajargah Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Iran K-fathi@cc.sbu.ac.ir Evaluation Curriculum Basic Sciences Shakurzadeh R, Maleki HG, Mehdi C. Quality Assessment of Postgraduate Curriculum Management and Educational Planning. J Educ Psychol. 2014;10 (34): 92-67. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.363##Kehavarzi M, Yarmohammadian MH, Nadi MA. Curriculum Content Based on Future Studies Development in Iran's Higher Education: A Qualitative Research. J High Educ Curric Stud. 2018; 8(16): 119-38. doi: 20.1001.1.25382241.1396.8.16.5.3.##Salehi L, Monavarifard F, Mohamadi Y. Analysis effect of curriculum components on students’ Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy in Alborz agricultural technical higher education centers. J Agricultur Educ Admin Res. 2017; 8(39): 16-27. doi: 10.22092/jaear.2017.109269.##Nouns Z, Schauber S, Witt C, Kingreen H, Schüttpelz-Brauns K. Development of knowledge in basic sciences: a comparison of two medical curricula. Med Educ. 2012;46(12):1206-14. doi: 10.1111/medu.12047. ##Keeney S, Hasson F, McKenna H. The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. Washington: Wiley – Blackwell, 2011. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.03.102.##Nizamov IG, Sadykova TI. Quality of postgraduate medical education. Int J Risk Saf Med. 2015;27 Suppl 1: S93-4. doi: 10.3233/JRS-150704. ##Biabangardi Z, Soltani Arabshahi SK, Amini A, Shokraei R, Yadavar Nik Raveh M. Role of Basic Science Courses on Promoting the Medical Graduate's Competencies in Medical Schools of Iran. Iran J Educ Med Sci. 2005; 5 (1): 13-23. ##Vahidshahi K., Mahmoudi M., Ranjbar M., Shahbaznejad L, Ehteshami S, Shafiei S. The Effect of Early Clinical Experience on the Attitude of Medical Students on Basic Sciences Courses, Steps in Medical Education Development. 2011; 8 (1): 94-100.##9. Dion, Albright and Bennett, Neville. Discussion and Learning Forouzandeh Davarpanah Translation. Tehran: Roshd Publications, 2004. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-498X.2009. 00336.x.##Keeney S, Hasson F, McKenna HP. Consulting the oracle: ten lessons from using the Delphi technique in nursing research. J Advanc Nurs. 2006; 53(2):205-12. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000754.##Keeney S, Hasson F, McKenna HP. A Critical Review of the Delphi Technique as a Research Methodology for Nursing. Int J Nurs Stud. 2001; 38(2): 195-200. doi:10.1016/S0020-7489(00)00044-4.##Goodman CM. The Delphi technique: a critique. J Adv Nurs. 1987;12(6):729-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648. 1987.tb01376.x. ##Beretta R. A critical review of the Delphi technique. Nurse Res. 1996;3(4):79-89. doi: 10.7748/nr.3.4.79.s8. ##Couper MR. The Delphi technique: characteristics and sequence model. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1984;7(1):72-7. doi: 10.1097/00012272-198410000-00008. ##Vergel J, Quintero GA, Isaza-Restrepo A, Ortiz-Fonseca M, Latorre-Santos C, Pardo-Oviedo JM. The influence of different curriculum designs on students' dropout rate: a case study. Med Educ Online. 2018;23(1):1432963. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2018.1432963. ##Ghasempoor Khoshrodi E, Nateghi F, Jalalvandi M. Designing a Curriculum Pattern via Service-Learning Approach in Organizations for Students. Organ Cult Manag. 2019; 17(4): 661-86. doi: 10.22059/jomc.2019.248802.1007421.## ##

Mebeverine Alleviates Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome 2 2 Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). LUTS are categorized into storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms. Mebeverine, a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, can alleviate IBS symptoms via inducing smooth muscle relaxation. The effect of mebeverine on LUTS is not cleared yet. Consequently, we aimed to evaluate the effect of mebeverine on LUTS in IBS patients. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five IBS patients were included in the present study. IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria. International prostate symptom score (I-PSS) questionnaire was used to evaluate LUTS and quality of life in IBS patient. Patients were treated with 200 mg mebeverine per day. All patients were assessed once before the treatment and then one, three and six months after the treatment with mebeverine. Results: The prevalence and severity of voiding symptoms were significantly higher in males than females (P < 0.05). One-month treatment with mebeverine reduced storage and voiding urinary symptoms in IBS patients (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The beneficial effects of mebeverine increased over the time and the maximum effect were found following six-months treatment (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, using mebeverine in IBS patients improved the quality of life both in men and women (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Mebeverine could obviously ameliorate both gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms in IBS patients. These findings may propose that smooth muscle relaxants including mebeverine might be proper therapeutic agents for IBS patients with LUTS. 9 15 2021/08/92021/05/18 1400/2/28 2021/12/212021/10/4 1400/7/12 Mansour Masoumi Mansour Masoumi Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Iran dr.masoumi@gmail.com Mastoreh Rahimi Mastoreh Rahimi Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Iran mas_rah72@yahoo.com Masoud Mami Masoud Mami Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Iran mami-m@medilam.ac.ir Maryam Bagheri Maryam Bagheri Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Iran maryam.bagheri@medilam.ac.ir Sajjad Salari Sajjad Salari Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Iran sajjad.salari@medilam.ac.ir Irritable bowel syndrome Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Mebeverine Smooth muscle Lovell RM, Ford AC. Global prevalence of and risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10(7):712-21 e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2012.02.029.##Longstreth GF, Wilson A, Knight K, Wong J, Chiou CF, Barghout V, Frech F, Ofman JJ. Irritable bowel syndrome, health care use, and costs: a U.S. managed care perspective. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98(3):600-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07296.x. ##Gralnek IM, Hays RD, Kilbourne A, Naliboff B, Mayer EA. The impact of irritable bowel syndrome on health-related quality of life. Gastroenterology. 2000;119(3):654-60. doi: 10.1053/gast.2000.16484. ##Hellström PM. Pathophysiology of the irritable bowel syndrome - Reflections of today. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2019;40-41:101620. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2019.05.007. ##Whorwell P, McCallum M, Creed F, Roberts C. Non-colonic features of irritable bowel syndrome. Gut. 1986;27(1):37-40.##Li Z, Huang W, Wang X, Zhang Y. The relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2018;70(4):386-92. doi: 10.23736/S0393-2249.18.03044-8.##Zingone F, Iovino P, Santonicola A, Gallotta S, Ciacci C. High risk of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Tech Coloproctol. 2017;21(6):433-8. doi: 10.1007/s10151-017-1653-5.##Guo YJ, Ho CH, Chen SC, Yang SS, Chiu HM, Huang KH. Lower urinary tract symptoms in women with irritable bowel syndrome. Int J Urol. 2010;17(2):175-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2009.02442.x.##Dumitrascu DL, Chira A, Bataga S, Diculescu M, Drug V, Gheorghe C, et al. The use of mebeverine in irritable bowel syndrome. A Position paper of the Romanian Society of Neurogastroenterology based on evidence. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2014;23(4):431-5. doi: 10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.234.mibs.##Hou X, Chen S, Zhang Y, Sha W, Yu X, Elsawah H, et al. Quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), assessed using the IBS-Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) measure after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment with mebeverine hydrochloride or pinaverium bromide: results of an international prospective observational cohort study in Poland, Egypt, Mexico and China. Clin Drug Investig. 2014;34(11):783-93. doi: 10.1007/s40261-014-0233-y.##Den Hertog A, Van den Akker J. Modification of alpha 1-receptor-operated channels by mebeverine in smooth muscle cells of guinea-pig taenia caeci. Eur J Pharmacol. 1987;138(3):367-74. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90475-4.##Greenslade FC, Scott CK, Newquist KL, Krider KM, Chasin M. Heterogeneity of biochemical actions among vasodilators. J Pharm Sci. 1982;71(1):94-100. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600710123.##Drossman DA, Hasler WL. Rome IV-Functional GI Disorders: Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction. 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Neurourol Urodyn. 2014;33(7):1074-85. doi: 10.1002/nau.22467. ##Schwinn DA, Roehrborn CG. Alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes and lower urinary tract symptoms. Int J Urol. 2008;15(3):193-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01956.x.##Winston JH, Xu GY, Sarna SK. Adrenergic stimulation mediates visceral hypersensitivity to colorectal distension following heterotypic chronic stress. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(1):294-304 e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.09.054.##Souverein PC, Van Staa TP, Egberts AC, De la Rosette JJ, Cooper C, Leufkens HG. Use of alpha-blockers and the risk of hip/femur fractures. J Intern Med. 2003;254(6):548-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2003.01227.x.##Bertaccini G, Impicciatore M, Molina E, Zappia L. Effetto spasmolitico della mebeverina sulla motilità gastrointestinale [Spasmolytic effect of mebeverine on the gastrointestinal motility]. Farmaco Sci. 1975;30(10):823-36. Italian. ##Van Outryve M, Mayeur S, Meeus MA, Rosillon D, Hendrickx B, Ceuppens M. A double-blind crossover comparison study of the safety and efficacy of mebeverine with mebeverine sustained release in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. J Clin Pharm Ther. 1995;20(5):277-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00663.x.##Im JP, Kim BG, Kim JW, Lee KL, Son H, Kim JS, et al. [Association of lower urinary tract symptoms with irritable bowel syndrome in adult men - an internet-based survey]. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2009;53(6):348-54. doi: 10.4166/kjg.2009.53.6.348.## ##

Evaluating the Association of rs6500633 Polymorphism in the SEPT12 Gene with Idiopathic Asthenozoospermia in Iranian Azeri Males: A Case-Control Study 2 2 Introduction: SEPT12 gene encode a testis-specific protein that play important role in terminal differentiation of germ cells. The product of this gene involved in sperm tail annulus constituent, and is essential for head-tail formation in sperm. Various polymorphisms on SEPT12 gene are identified that are associated with impairment of sperm function as well as spermatogenesis in males with infertility. In this study we investigated correlation of rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene in Iranian Azeri male with idiopathic asthenozoospermia (AZS). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 50 men with idiopathic AZS as case group and 50 healthy men as control group from East Azerbaijan, Iran. Extraction of genomic DNA was conducted by proteinase K method from sperm samples. Genotyping was performed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra-ARMS PCR). Results: Frequency of TT, TC, and CC genotypes were 10%, 86%, and 4% in the AZS. On the other hand, the frequencies were 4%, 90%, and 6% in the healthy controls, respectively. Our study indicated no significant difference between the patient and control groups for frequency of the rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene (P > 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated no significant association between rs6500633 polymorphism in the SEPT12 gene and AZS among Iranian Azeri men. 16 22 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/19 1399/5/29 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/27 1399/10/7 Gholamreza Jahangirzadeh Sooreh Gholamreza Jahangirzadeh Sooreh Department of Molecular Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Iran gh.jahangirzadeh@gmail.com Seyed Babak Khalifzadeh Kalibar Seyed Babak Khalifzadeh Kalibar Department of Pathology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Iran b_khalifehzadeh@yahoo.com Asthenozoospermia SEPT12 Gene Polymorphism Tetra-ARMS PCR Coutton C, Satre V, Arnoult C, Ray P. Genetics of male infertility: the new players. Med Sci (Paris). 2012;28(5):497-502. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2012285014.##Soheilyfar S, Nikyar T, Fathi Maroufi N, Mohebi Chamkhorami F, Amini Z, Ahmadi M, et al. Association of IL-10, IL-18, and IL-33 genetic polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy loss risk in Iranian women. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2019;35(4):342-5. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1528220.##Nasirpour H, Azari Key Y, Kazemipur N, Majidpour M, Mahdavi S, Hajazimian S, et al. Association of rubella, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasma infections with recurrent miscarriages in Bonab-Iran: a case-control study. Gene Cell Tissue. 2017;4(3):e60891. ##doi: 10.5812/gct.60891.##Hajizadeh YS, Emami E, Nottagh M, Amini Z, Maroufi NF, Azimian SH, et al. Effects of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene 86 bp VNTR polymorphism on recurrent pregnancy loss: a case-control study. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2017;30(3):1-6. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0010.##Curi SM, Ariagno JI, Chenlo PH, Mendeluk GR, Pugliese MN, Sardi Segovia LM, et al. Asthenozoospermia: analysis of a large population. Arch Androl. 2003;49(5):343-9. doi: 10.1080/713828220.##Piomboni P, Focarelli R, Stendardi A, Ferramosca A, Zara V. The role of mitochondria in energy production for human sperm motility. Int J Androl. 2012;35(2):109-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01218.x.##Poongothai JE, Gopenath TS, Manonayaki SW. Genetics of human male infertility. Singapore Med J. 2009;50(4):336-47. doi: 10.2174/1381612043453261.##Lin YH, Chou CK, Hung YC, Yu IS, Pan HA, Lin SW, et al. SEPT12 deficiency causes sperm nucleus damage and developmental arrest of preimplantation embryos. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(1):363-5. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1064.##Hajazimian S, Maleki M, Danaei Mehrabad S, Isazadeh A. Human Wharton’s jelly stem cells inhibit endometriosis through apoptosis induction. Reproduction 2020;159 (4):549-58. doi: 10.1530/REP-19-0597.##Kremer BE, Haystead T, Macara IG. Mammalian septins regulate microtubule stability through interaction with the microtubule-binding protein MAP4. Mol Biol Cell. 2005;16(10):4648-59. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e05-03-0267.##Field CM, Al-Awar O, Rosenblatt J, Wong ML, Alberts B, Mitchison TJ. A purified Drosophila septin complex forms filaments and exhibits GTPase activity. J Cell Biol. 1996;133(3):605-16. doi: 10.1083/jcb.133.3.605.##Lin YH, Lin YM, Wang YY, Yu IS, Lin YW, Wang YH, et al. The expression level of septin12 is critical for spermiogenesis. Am J Pathol. 2009;174(5):1857-68. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080955.##Steels JD, Estey MP, Froese CD, Reynaud D, Pace‐Asciak C, Trimble WS. Sept12 is a component of the mammalian sperm tail annulus. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2007;64(10):794-807. doi: 10.1002/cm.20224.##Kuo PL, Chiang HS, Wang YY, Kuo YC, Chen MF, Yu I, et al. SEPT12-microtubule complexes are required for sperm head and tail formation. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(11):22102-16. doi: 10.3390/ijms141122102.##Cesario MM, Bartles JR. Compartmentalization, processing and redistribution of the plasma membrane protein CE9 on rodent spermatozoa. Relationship of the annulus to domain boundaries in the plasma membrane of the tail. J Cell Sci. 1994;107(2):561-70. doi: 10.1242/jcs.107.2.561.##Toure A, Rode B, Hunnicutt GR, Escalier D, Gacon G. Septins at the annulus of mammalian sperm. Biol Chem. 2011;392(8-9):799-803. doi: 10.1515/BC.2011.074.##Boivin J, Bunting L, Collins JA, Nygren KG. International estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking: potential need and demand for infertility medical care. Hum Reprod. 2007;22(6):1506-12. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dem046.##Isazadeh A, Hajazimian S, Rahmani SA, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Samanmanesh S, Karimkhanilouei S. The effects of Factor II (rs1799963) polymorphism on recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian Azeri women. Riv Ital Med Lab. 2017;13(1):37-40. doi: 10.1007/s13631-017-0145-y.##Isazadeh A, Hajazimian S, Rahmani SA, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Moghtaran N, Maroufi NF. The effect of factor-xi (rs3756008) polymorphism on recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian Azeri women. Gene Cell Tissue. 2017;4(1):e43717. doi: 10.17795/gct-43717.##Shiralizadeh J, Barmaki H, Haiaty S, Faridvand Y, Mostafazadeh M, Mokarizadeh N, et al. The effects of high and lowdoses of folic acid on oxidation of protein levels during pregnancy: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 33:20170039. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0039.##Song P, Zou S, Chen T, Chen J, Wang Y, Yang J, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) T-786C, 4a4b, and G894T polymorphisms and male infertility: study for idiopathic asthenozoospermia and meta-analysis. Biol Reprod. 2015;92(2):38-1. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.123240. ##Balercia G, Moretti S, Vignini A, Magagnini M, Mantero F, Boscaro M, et al. Role of nitric oxide concentrations on human sperm motility. J Androl. 2004;25(2):245-9. doi: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.2004.tb02784.x.##Yun YJ, Park JH, Song SH, Lee S. The association of 4a4b polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with the sperm morphology in Korean infertile men. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(4):1126-31. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1382.##Vučić NL, Nikolić ZZ, Vukotić VD, Tomović SM, Vuković II, Kanazir SD, et al. NOS 3 gene variants and male infertility: association of 4a/4b with oligoasthenozoospermia. Andrologia. 2018;50(1):e12817. doi: 10.1111/and.12817.##Safarinejad MR, Shafiei N, Safarinejad S. The role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) T‐786C, G894T, and 4a/b gene polymorphisms in the risk of idiopathic male infertility. Mol Reprod Dev. 2010;77(8):720-7. doi: 10.1002/mrd.21210.##Yan L, Guo W, Wu S, Liu J, Zhang S, Shi L, et al. Genetic variants in nitric oxide synthase genes and the risk of male infertility in a Chinese population: a case-control study. PloS One. 2014;9(12):e115190. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115190.##Rafaee A, Mohseni Meybodi A, Yaghmaei P, Hosseini SH, Sabbaghian M. Single‐nucleotide polymorphism c. 474G> A in the SEPT12 gene is a predisposing factor in male infertility. Mol Reprod Dev. 2020;87(2):251-9. doi: 10.1002/mrd.23310.##Kuo YC, Lin YH, Chen HI, Wang YY, Chiou YW, Lin HH, Pan HA, Wu CM, Su SM, Hsu CC, Kuo PL. SEPT12 mutations cause male infertility with defective sperm annulus. Hum Mutat. 2012;33(4):710-9. doi: 10.1002/humu.22028.##Lin YH, Wang YY, Chen HI, Kuo YC, Chiou YW, Lin HH, Wu CM, Hsu CC, Chiang HS, Kuo PL. SEPTIN12 genetic variants confer susceptibility to teratozoospermia. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e34011. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034011.##Fathi Maroufi N, Aghayi E, Garshsbi H, Matin MG, Bedoustani AB, Amoudizaj FF, et al. Association of rs1946518 C/A Polymorphism in Promoter Region of Interleukin 18 Gene and Breast Cancer Risk in Iranian Women: A Case-control Study. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;18(6):671-678. doi: 10.18502/ijaai.v18i6.2180.##Fathi Maroufi N, Gholampour Matin M, Ghanbari N, Khorrami A, Amini Z, Haj Azimian S, et al. Influence of single nucleotide polymorphism in IL-27 and IL-33 genes on breast cancer. Br J Biomed Sci. 2019;76(2):89-91. doi: 10.1080/09674845.2018.1545554.##Isazadeh A, Azimian SH, Tariverdi N, Rahmani SA, Esmaeili M, Karimkhanilouei S, et al. Effects of coagulation factor XIII (Val34Leu) polymorphism on recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian Azeri women. LaboratoriumsMedizin. 2017;41(2):89-92. doi: 10.1515/labmed-2017-0012.## ##

Human Hydatid Cyst Zoonotic Characters and Analysis of P29 Recombinant Protein Immunogenicity 2 2 Introduction: Echinococcosis or hydatid disease is one of the most important zoonosis across the world. Materials and Methods: The recombinant P29 protein is considered as a suitable candidate for evaluating diagnostic ELISA to reach a more accurate conclusion. Results: In this study the P29 sequence comprised with somewhat similar sequences registered in Gene Bank and showed 100% identity with P29 sequences derived from Echinococcus granolosus (E. granulosus) (XP_024351425.1), E. multilocularis (AHA85396.1), Endophilin B1 protein of E. granulosus (CDS21096.1). The primary and secondary structure of the peptide was analyzed due to its characterization of peptide motifs to be expressed on MHC Class HLA allels. Conclusion: The recombinant P29 derived peptides can be produced and analyzed due to be determined as vaccine design candidate against Hydatidosis. 23 30 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/192022/08/5 1401/5/14 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/272022/10/15 1401/7/23 Zahra Masih Zahra Masih Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iran zahramasih214@yahoo.com Nasser Hoghooghirad Nasser Hoghooghirad Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iran hoghooghiradnasser@yahoo.com. Rasool Madani Rasool Madani Department of Proteomics and Biochemistry section Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Iran madanirasool@gmail.com Mitra Sharbatkhori Mitra Sharbatkhori Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Iran msharbatkhori@yahoo.com Echinococcus granolosus Hydatidosis MHC P29 Recombinant Antigen Díaz A, Casaravilla C, Irigoín F, Lin G, Previato JO, Ferreira F. Understanding the laminated layer of larval Echinococcus I: structure. Trends Parasitol. 2011;27(5):204-13. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2010.12.012. ##Zeinali M, Mohebali M, Shirzadi MR, Rahimi Esboei B, Erfani H, Pourmozafari J, Ghanbari M. Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Different Geographical Zones of Iran: An Observational Study during 1995-2014. Iran J Public Health. 2017;46(12):1623-1631. ##Ahn CS, Han X, Bae YA, Ma X, Kim JT, Cai H, Yang HJ, Kang I, Wang H, Kong Y. Alteration of immunoproteome profile of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid fluid with progression of cystic echinococcosis. Parasit Vectors. 2015; 8:10. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0610-7. ##Kagan IG, Agosin M. Echinococcus antigens. Bull World Health Organ. 1968;39(1):13-24. ##Sedaghat B, Hajjaran H, Sadjjadi FS, Heidari S, Sadjjadi SM. Proteomic characterization of hydatid cyst fluid: two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) setup through optimizing protein extraction. BMC Res Notes. 2021;14(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-05433-3. ##Wang H, Li Z, Gao F, Zhao J, Zhu M, He X, Niu N, Zhao W. Immunoprotection of recombinant Eg. P29 against Echinococcus granulosus in sheep. Vet Res Commun. 2016 Jun;40(2):73-9. doi: 10.1007/s11259-016-9656-7. ##Ben Nouir N, Gianinazzi C, Gorcii M, Müller N, Nouri A, Babba H, Gottstein B. Isolation and molecular characterization of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus P29 protein (recP29) and its assessment for the post-surgical serological follow-up of human cystic echinococcosis in young patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009;103(4):355-64. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.09.020. ##Lv Y, Zhu Y, Chang L, Yang J, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Zhu M, Wu C, Zhao W. Identification of a dominant murine T-cell epitope in recombinant protein P29 from Echinococcus granulosus. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2022;54(4):482-493. doi: 10.3724/abbs.2022036. ##Gharibi Z, Rahdar M, Pirestani M, Tavalla M, Tabandeh MR. The Immunization of Protoscolices P29 DNA Vaccine on Experimental Cystic Echinococosis in Balb/c Mice. Acta Parasitol. 2021;66(4):1114-1121. doi: 10.1007/s11686-021-00367-7. ##Townsend A, Bodmer H. Antigen recognition by class I-restricted T lymphocytes. 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J Proteome Res. 2011;10(11):5016-30. doi: 10.1021/pr200503g. ##Masih Z, Hoghooghirad N, Madani R, Sharbatkhori M. Expression and production of protoscolex recombinant P29 protein and its serological evaluation for diagnosis of human hydatidosis. J Parasit Dis. 2022;46(2):377-383. doi: 10.1007/s12639-021-01454-2. ##Sarkari B, Rezaei Z. Immunodiagnosis of human hydatid disease: Where do we stand? World J Methodol. 2015;5(4):185-95. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i4.185. ##Boubaker G, Gottstein B, Hemphill A, Babba H, Spiliotis M. Echinococcus P29 antigen: molecular characterization and implication on post-surgery follow-up of CE patients infected with different species of the Echinococcus granulosus complex. PloS one. 2014;9(5): e98357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098357. ##Leggatt GR, Yang W, McManus DP. Serological evaluation of the 12 kDa subunit of antigen B in Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid by immunoblot analysis. 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Calculation of Photoneutron Contamination of Varian linac with New Target in Tissue Equivalent Phantom Using Monte Carlo Simulation 2 2 Introduction: In this research, a new material (Ti2V0.7Cu97.3) was proposed for the target of medical linear accelerators (linacs) to reduce the production of unwanted photoneutrons in the radiotherapy. So, the fluence, dose equivalent and kerma of the photoneutrons were calculated in a soft tissue phantom. Materials and Methods: The medical linac was the Varian 2100 C/D 18 MV, which its tungsten target was replaced with a new multi-metal target (Ti2V0.7Cu97.3). Desired quantities were computed in a ICRU soft tissue phantom, using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX (v. 2.6). Results: The ratio of the maximums of fluence, kerma, and dose equivalent of photoneutrons along the central axis of the ICRU phantom with new target rather than tungsten target were 72 %, 59 % and 61 %, respectively. Average of the Ratio of fluence, kerma, and dose equivalent in inner area (distances less than 5 cm from central axis) at different depths of the phantom with new target rather than tungsten target were 78 %, 70 % and 75 %, respectively. Uncertainties at all points were less than 5 % (except for a few points which were less than 10 %). Conclusion: This work showed that applying Ti2V0.7Cu97.3 alloy for the target of linac, can reduce the produced photoneutrons up to 38 % by an applicable and inexpensive way. 31 41 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/192022/08/52022/03/30 1401/1/10 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/272022/10/152022/05/18 1401/2/28 Mojtaba Cheraghian Mojtaba Cheraghian Department of Physics, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran Iran mojtaba.cheraghian61@gmail.com Tayyeb Pourfallah Tayyeb Pourfallah Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Genetics, Medical College, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran Iran tpourfallah@gmail.com Amir Abbas Sabouri-Dodaran Amir Abbas Sabouri-Dodaran Department of Physics, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran Iran sabouri@pnu.ac.ir Mehrdad Gholami Mehrdad Gholami Department of Medical Physics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 68138-33946, Iran Iran gholami.mehrdad@lums.ac.ir MCNPX Photoneutron contamination Simulation Target of linac Siebert B, Schuhmacher H. Quality factors, ambient and personal dose equivalent for neutrons, based on the new ICRU stopping power data for protons and alpha particles. Radiat Prot Dosim. 1995; 58(3): 177-183. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082612.##Israngkul-Na-Ayuthaya I, Suriyapee S, Pengvanich P. Evaluation of equivalent dose from neutrons and activation products from a 15-MV X-ray LINAC. J Radiat Res. 2015; 56(6): 919-926. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrv045.##Alfuraih A, Chin M, Spyrou N. Measurements of the photonuclear neutron yield of 15 MV medical linear accelerator. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2008; 278(3): 681-684. doi: 10.1007/s10967-008-1504-y.##Karimi A H, Vega-Carrillo H R. Grid therapy vs. conventional radiotherapy - 18 MV treatments: Photoneutron contamination along the maze of a linac bunker. Appl Radiat Isot. 2020; 158: 109064. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109064.##Hosseinzadeh E, Banaee N, Nedaie H A. Monte Carlo calculation of photo-neutron dose produced by circular cones at 18MV photon beams. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2018; 23(1): 39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.rpor.2017.12.001.##Ghasemi A, Pourfallah TA, Akbari M, Babapour H, Shahidi M. Photo neutron dose equivalent rate in 15 MV X-ray beam from a Siemens Primus Linac. J Med Phys. 2015; 40(2): 90-94. doi: 10.4103/0971-6203.158681.##Waller EJ, Jamieson TJ, Cole D, Cousins T, Jammal RB. Experimental and computational determination of neutron dose equivalent around radiotherapy accelerators. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2003; 107(4): 225-232. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006394.##Lin JP, Chu TC, Lin SY, Liu MT. The measurement of photoneutrons in the vicinity of a Siemens Primus linear accelerator. Appl Radiat Isot. 2001; 55(3): 315-321. doi: 10.1016/S0969-8043(01)00084-7.##McGinley PH, Landry J. Neutron contamination of x-ray beams produced by the Varian Clinac 1800. Phys Med Biol. 1989; 34(6): 777. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/34/6/012.##Cheraghian M, Pourfallah T, Sabouri-Dodaran A A, Gholami M. Calculation of photoneutron contamination of varian linac in icru soft-tissue phantom using MCNPX code. J Med Phys. 2021; 46(2): 116. doi: 10.4103/jmp.JMP_40_21.##Bezak E, Takam R, Marcu LG. Peripheral photon and neutron doses from prostate cancer external beam irradiation. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2015; 167(4): 591-601. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncu362.##Bezak E, Takam R, Yeoh E, Marcu L G. The risk of second primary cancers due to peripheral photon and neutron doses received during prostate cancer external beam radiation therapy. Phys Med. 2017; 42: 253-258. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.02.018.##Sohrabi M, Hakimi A. Novel air-to-tissue conversion factors for fast, epithermal and thermal photoneutrons in a Siemens ONCOR dual energy 18 MV X-ray medical linear accelerator. Radiat Meas. 2019; 126: 106138. doi: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106138.##Bagheri H, Rabie Mahdavi S, Shekarchi B, Manouchehri F, Farhood B. Measurement of the contralateral breast photon and thermal neutron doses in breast cancer radiotherapy: A comparison between physical and dynamic wedges. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2017; 178(1): 73-81. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncx076.##Bagheri H, Abedi Firouzjah R, Farhood B. Measurement of the photon and thermal neutron doses of contralateral breast surface in breast cancer radiotherapy. J Radiother Pract. 2019: 1-7. doi: 10.1017/S1460396919000578.##Barquero R, Mendez R, Vega-Carrillo H R, Iñiguez M P, Edwards T M. Neutron spectra and dosimetric features around an 18 MV Linac accelerator. Health Phys. 2005; 88(1). doi: 10.1097/01. HP.0000142500.32040.ac.##Alem-Bezoubiri A, Bezoubiri F, Badreddine A, Mazrou H, Lounis-Mokrani Z. Monte Carlo estimation of photoneutrons spectra and dose equivalent around an 18 MV medical linear accelerator. Radiat Phys and Chem. 2014; 97: 381-392. doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.07.013.##Martínez-Ovalle SA, Barquero R, Gómez-Ros JM, Lallena AM. Neutron dose equivalent and neutron spectra in tissue for clinical linacs operating at 15, 18 and 20 MV. Radiat Prot Dosim. 2011; 147(4): 498-511. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq501.##Kry SF, Howell RM, Salehpour M, Followill DS. Neutron spectra and dose equivalents calculated in tissue for high-energy radiation therapy. Med Phys. 2009; 36(4): 1244-1250. doi: 10.1118/1.3089810.##Kry SF, Titt U, Followill D, Pönisch F, Vassiliev ON, White RA. A Monte Carlo model for out-of-field dose calculation from high-energy photon therapy. Med Phys. 2007; 34(9): 3489-3499. doi: 10.1118/1.2756940.##Kry S F, Titt U, Pönisch F, Followill D, Vassiliev ON, Allen White R. A Monte Carlo model for calculating out-of-field dose from a Varian beam. Med Phys. 2006; 33(11): 4405-4413. doi: 10.1118/1.2360013.##Mohammadi N, Miri-Hakimabad H, Rafat-Motavalli L, Akbari F, Abdollahi S. Patient-specific voxel phantom dosimetry during the prostate treatment with high-energy linac. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2015; 304(2): 785-792. doi: 10.1007/s10967-014-3872-9.##Abou-Taleb WM, Hassan MH, El_Mallah EA, Kotb SM. MCNP5 evaluation of photoneutron production from the Alexandria University 15 MV Elekta Precise medical LINAC. 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Effect of Eight Weeks Combined Training and Zataria multiflora Supplement on the Levels of IL-1β and Insulin Resistance in Overweight and Obese Men 2 2 Introduction: The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training and zataria multiflora have been proven. In the present study, researcher investigated the effect of eight weeks combined exercise training and Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) supplement on the levels of IL-1β and insulin resistance in overweight and obese men. Materials and Methods: The 40 overweight and obese men with average age of 27.73 ± 2.15 years old and average body mass index (BMI) 28.41 ± 1.75 kg/m2 were randomly divided into four groups including the placebo, Z. multiflora, combined training, and training + Z. multiflora. Combined exercise training program conducted for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Z. multiflora supplement was also consumed at 500 mg daily. Blood sampling was performed before and 48 hours after the eight weeks intervention. The levels of IL-1β and insulin were measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The levels of IL-1β in training and training + Z. multiflora groups significantly decreased compared to placebo and Z. multiflora groups (P < 0.001). In addition, significant decrease of insulin resistance in training group compared to placebo (P < 0.001) and Z. multiflora (P = 0.003) groups, and also in training + Z. multiflora group compared to placebo and Z. multiflora groups were observed (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Combined training alone or in combination with Z. multiflora supplementation can exert anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, Z. multiflora supplementation cause the relative increase in exercise training effect for decrease in IL-1β and insulin resistance. 42 50 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/192022/08/52022/03/302021/02/2 1399/11/14 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/272022/10/152022/05/182021/05/24 1400/3/3 Alireza Jadid Alireza Jadid Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iran ali.shaghayegh888@yahoo Mandana Gholami Mandana Gholami Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iran m.gholami@srbiau.ac.ir Hossein Abed Natanzi Hossein Abed Natanzi Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iran abednazari@gmail.com Exercise Training Zataria Multiflora Inflammation Cytokine de Oliveira Leal V, Mafra D. Adipokines in obesity. Clin Chim Acta. 2013; 419:87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.02.003.##Blüher M. Obesity: global epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2019; 15(5):288-298. doi: 10.1038/s41574-019-0176-8.##Galic S, Oakhill JS, Steinberg GR. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010; 316(2):129-39. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.08.018.##Ferrante Jr AW. Obesity‐induced inflammation: a metabolic dialogue in the language of inflammation. J Intern M. 2007; 262(4):408-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01852. x.##Tack CJ, Stienstra R, Joosten LA, Netea MG. Inflammation links excess fat to insulin resistance: the role of the interleukin‐1 family. Immunol Rev. 2012; 249(1):239-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01145. x.##Burns K, Martinon F, Tschopp J. New insights into the mechanism of IL-1β maturation. Curr Opin Immunol. 2003; 15(1):26-30. doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00017-1.##Akash MS, Rehman K, Chen S. IL-1Ra and its delivery strategies: inserting the association in perspective. Pharm Res. 2013; 30(11):2951-66. doi: 10.1007/s11095-013-1118-0.##Bing C. Is interleukin-1β a culprit in macrophage-adipocyte crosstalk in obesity? Adipocyte. 2015; 4(2):149-52. doi: 10.4161/21623945.2014.979661.##Lancaster GI, Febbraio MA. The immunomodulating role of exercise in metabolic disease. Trends in Immunology. 2014; 35(6):262-9. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2014.02.008.##Ryan AS, Ge S, Blumenthal JB, Serra MC, Prior SJ, Goldberg AP. Aerobic exercise and weight loss reduce vascular markers of inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity in obese women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014; 62(4):607-14. doi: 10.1111/jgs.12749.##Shokri H, Sharifzadeh A. Zataria multiflora Boiss.: A review study on chemical composition, anti-fungal and anti-mycotoxin activities, and ultrastructural changes. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2017;6(1): 1-9.##Tayebi SM, Saeidi A, Fashi M, Pouya S, Khosravi A, Shirvani H, et al. Plasma retinol-binding protein-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α are reduced in postmenopausal women after combination of different intensities of circuit resistance training and Zataria supplementation. Sport Sci Health. 2019; 15(3):551-8. doi: 10.1007/s11332-019-00544-2.##Dehghankar L, Gholami M, Ghazalian H. Effects of 8 weeks combined training along with Zataria Multiflora supplement ingestion on serum levels of MCP-1 and insulin resistance in overweight men. J Practic Stud Biosci Sport. 2020; 8(16): 34-46. doi: 10.22077/JPSBS.2019.1956.1450 [Persian]##Salamat KM, Azarbayjani MA, Yusof A, Dehghan F. The response of pre-inflammatory cytokines factors to different exercises (endurance, resistance, concurrent) in overweight men. Alexandria J Med. 2016;52(4):367-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ajme.2015.12.007.##Farinha JB, Steckling FM, Stefanello ST, Cardoso MS, Nunes LS, Barcelos RP, et al. Response of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers to a 12-week aerobic exercise training in women with metabolic syndrome. Sports Med Open. 2015; 1(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s40798-015-0011-2.##Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, Iwaki M, Yamada Y, Nakajima Y, et al. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2017; 114(12):1752-61. doi: 10.1172/JCI21625.##Fernández-Sánchez A, Madrigal-Santillán E, Bautista M, Esquivel-Soto J, Morales-González Á, Esquivel-Chirino C, et al. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity. Int J Mol Sci. 2011; 12(5):3117-32. doi: 10.3390/ijms12053117.##Singh U, Devaraj S, Jialal I. Vitamin E, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Annu Rev Nutr. 2005; 25:151-74. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132446.##Ihalainen JK, Schumann M, Eklund D, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Paulsen G, et al. Combined aerobic and resistance training decreases inflammation markers in healthy men. 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The Response of Selected Adipokines and Insulin Resistance to Interval Resistance Training with Different Intensities in Men with Obesity 2 2 Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with different intensities (low, medium and high) on bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) and insulin resistance in obese men. Materials and Methods: Forty-four obese not trained men, after determining 1RM and based on anthropometric characteristics were divided into the control, low-intensity interval resistance training, medium-intensity interval resistance training, high-intensity interval resistance training groups (in each group, n=11). The protocol of interval resistance training includes 8 movements which were periodic and in different intensities in the form of 3 Set 10 repetitions with 80% 1 RM, rest between sets active, and with 20% intensity and the number of repetitions 15 in the high-intensity group, in the medium intensity group in the form of 3 sets 13 repetitions with 60% RM, resting active sets with 20% intensity and number 15 repetitions and in the low-intensity group in the form of 3 sets of 20 repetitions with 40% 1 RM, rest between sets was active with 20% intensity and the number of repetitions was 15. The first fasting blood sample was obtained 48 hours before and the second blood sample was collected 48 hours after a twelve-week training period. Then the measurements were performed. Results: The 12 weeks of interval resistance training with different intensities in the training groups led to a significant decrease in BMP-2 and insulin resistance compared to the control group (P < 0.001) but for BMP-4 these decreases were not significant (P = 0.055). Conclusion: The study showed that different intensities of resistance interval training, especially moderate and high intensity training, can decrease the BMP-2, BMP-4 levels and improve insulin resistance. 51 60 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/192022/08/52022/03/302021/02/22022/01/7 1400/10/17 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/272022/10/152022/05/182021/05/242022/03/15 1400/12/24 Mitra Sobhanipoor Mitra Sobhanipoor Department of Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran Iran Sobhanipoor.mit.gmail.com Reza Nouri Reza Nouri Department of Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran Iran nuri_r7@ut.ac.ir Abbasali Gaeini Abbasali Gaeini Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Iran aagaeini@yahoo.com Interval resistance training Obesity Adipokine Insulin resistance Lloyd LJ, Langley-Evans SC, McMullen S. Childhood obesity and adult cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review. 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Effect of Resistance Exercises and Nano-Curcumin Supplementation on Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 and Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Clinical Controlled Study 2 2 Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training and nano-curcumin supplementation on matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: In this open-label parallel randomized trial study 40 women aged between 45-60 years with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were randomly divided into the control, resistance training, nano-curcumin supplementation, and resistance training + nano curcumin supplementation groups. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric and clinical parameters of the patients (WOMAC test) were collected at the beginning and end of the study. The levels of MMP 13 and COMP in the synovial fluid were measured with a human-specific ELISA kit. Results: Resistance training, supplement intake, and training/supplementation did not significantly change the synovial levels of COMP and MMP 13. Compared with the control group, WOMAC scores were significantly higher in the intervention groups (P = 0.038). Conclusion: Resistance training and nano-curcumin by changing the WOMAC scores of patients with osteoarthritis can have a beneficial effect on improving the condition of these patients. 61 70 2021/08/92021/05/182020/08/192022/08/52022/03/302021/02/22022/01/72021/12/22 1400/10/1 2021/12/212021/10/42020/12/272022/10/152022/05/182021/05/242022/03/152022/01/26 1400/11/6 Sadegh Cheragh-Birjandi Sadegh Cheragh-Birjandi Department of Sport Science, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran Iran s_birjanadi2001@yahoo.com Maryam Baghernejad Maryam Baghernejad Department of Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch, Bojnourd, Iran Iran baghernejad_maryam@yahoo.com Farideh Haghighi Farideh Haghighi Department of Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch, Bojnourd, Iran Iran farideh.haghighi.1351@gmail.com Reza Ganji Reza Ganji Department of Orthopedic Surgery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Iran Hasan Saadati Hasan Saadati Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Iran Mohammadreza Jafari Mohammadreza Jafari Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Iran jafariMR@mums.ac.ir Nano-curcumin MMP13 Resistance exercises Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein Ganji R, Pakniat A, Armat MR, Tabatabaeichehr M, Mortazavi H. 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