Introduction: The phenomenon of suicide has been considered by experts of social sciences and psychology. Considering the issue of suicide, a precise analysis must first be carried out in a specific geographic region. Secondly, the cultural coordinates of the climate should be taken into account. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors and methods of suicide in Ilam province.
Materials and methods: The statistical population of this research included all suicide cases committed in Ilam province from 2012 to 2016. The total sample size based on the recorded cases from 2012 to 2016 was 3078 cases. Data analysis of this research was done at two levels of descriptive and responding to research questions. At the descriptive level, indicators such as frequency, percentage, cross-tables, and frequency distribution charts were used. In the answer section of the research Kruskal Wallis and Xi-Du were used.  
Results: There was a significant difference between the frequency of successful and unsuccessful suicides. 10.92% of suicides were successful and 89.08% were unsuccessful. Men tended to suicide more than women, but this was not statistically significant. In some age groups, suicide rates were higher than other groups, 34.7% were suicidal in the 21 to 25 age group, 30.06% in the age group of 31 and older, and 34.24% in the remaining age groups. Considering the methods, 73% of suicides have used pills over the last five years, and there was a significant relationship between the motivation of individuals and their tendency towards suicide (48.4%).
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that in committing suicide the individual, social, and psychological factors play the main roles, the results also presented the rate of being successful or unsuccessful in committing suicides, the gender of these attempters, their age range, the education level, the manner of committing, and finally their motive to commit suicide in years of 2012 to 2016.